1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 4651-0: 1987 Ammonia solution Part 0: Methods for sampling UDC 546.171.1:620.113.4BS4651-0:1987 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Chemicals Standards Committee, was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comes intoeffect on 23Dece
2、mber1987 BSI 12-1999 First published February 1971 First part revision as Part 0 December 1987 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CIC/21 Draft for comment 86/54200 DC ISBN 0 580 16144 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparatio
3、n of this British Standard was entrusted by the Chemicals Standards Committee (CIC/-) to Technical Committee CIC/21, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Coal British Pharmacopoeia Commission British Sulphate of Ammonia Federation Ltd. Chemical Industries Association Fertiliser
4、Manufacturers Association Ltd. Ministry of Defence Textile Institute Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS4651-0:1987 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Sampling of ammonia solution 1 Appendix A Structure of B
5、S 4651 3 Table 1 Structure of revision of BS 4651:1971 3 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS4651-0:1987 ii BSI 12-1999 Foreword This Part of BS4651 has been prepared under the direction of the Chemicals Standards Committee. It explains the revision of the1971 edition into Parts. Methods for
6、 the sampling of ammonia solution are given, which supersede those given in Appendix A of BS4651:1971 which has been deleted by amendment. It is intended to publish eight Parts of BS4651, which will collectively supersede the1971 edition. As each Part is published, the corresponding clause of BS4651
7、:1971 will be withdrawn by amendment. The relationship of these Parts to the1971 edition of this standard and to International Standards is summarized inTable 1. For many years the UK has participated in the work of TC47, Chemistry, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Two te
8、st methods, applicable to ammonia solution for industrial use, were approved by the UK and, in accordance with BSI policy, are published as separate, dual-numbered Parts of BS4651 (seeTable 1). NOTEThe term “ammonia solution” is used to describe grades of product containing between25.0% to35.0% (m/m
9、) ammonia. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document
10、 comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS4651-0:1987 BSI 12
11、-1999 1 1 Scope This Part of BS4651 describes methods for the sampling of ammonia solution from bulk containers, drums, carboys and bottles. The Parts of this edition of BS4651 together with the corresponding clauses of the1971 edition and any corresponding International Standards are summarized inA
12、ppendix A. 2 Sampling of ammonia solution 2.1 Safety precautions Use appropriate protective clothing (gas-tight goggles, PVC gloves, apron and boots) for carrying out any bulk sampling operation involving ammonia solution. Use self-contained air sets and eye wash bottles, which should be readily ava
13、ilable for use if needed. Smoking and sources of ignition are prohibited during the sampling of ammonia solution. NOTEMixtures of ammonia gas and air can explode, if ignited, when the proportion of ammonia gas is within the limits16% to27% (V/V). Keep all containers cool and apply additional cooling
14、 if possible before removing stoppers and bungs. 2.2 Sampling from bulk containers WARNING. DO NOT USE COMPRESSED AIR TO DISCHARGE AMMONIA SOLUTION FROM BULK CONTAINERS. Whenever it is necessary to take a sample of ammonia solution from any bulk container, cool the container and vent it to the atmos
15、phere before removing any stopper or cover. Take care to ensure that any escaping ammonia gas is discharged at a point remote from personnel. Withdraw samples from the tank by means of a sampling “thief” made of25mm diameter polyethylene or polypropylene tubing,2m long and tapered at each end to10mm
16、 diameter over a minimum of100mm tube length. Transfer samples taken from tanks immediately into clean glass screw-stoppered bottles, cool them immediately and keep them in a cool place (e.g.a cold water bath or fridge) until required for analysis. Use the following procedure. a) Take two consecutiv
17、e500mL samples and discard both in order to clear the sampling tube and bottle and to obtain representative material. b) Take the sample required in a bottle fitted with an internal solid screw-stopper and rubber gasket. Tighten the stopper as soon as the sample is in the bottle. 2.3 Sampling from d
18、rums, carboys and bottles 2.3.1 General. Do not use suction during the withdrawal of the sample, especially with concentrated solutions, since reduction of pressure readily depletes the solution of ammonia gas. 2.3.2 Drums WARNING. DO NOT USE COMPRESSED AIR TO DISCHARGE AMMONIA SOLUTION FROM DRUMS.
19、Sample from drums by pouring, by siphoning or by means of a polyethylene or polypropylene sampling “thief”. If the sample is to be obtained by pouring, use a specially constructed elevated platform to hold the drum, and a screw-in pourer and funnel to facilitate transfer and reduce the risk from spl
20、ashing. If the sample is to be obtained by siphoning, use a suitable siphon constructed from stainless steel, polyethylene, polypropylene or glass. Start the siphon by applying a slight air pressure to the drum, e.g.from a hand bellows or bulb, provided that the end of the delivery tube is below the
21、 level of the liquid in the drum. If a polyethylene or polypropylene sampling “thief” is used to draw a sample, use the procedure described in2.2. 2.3.3 Carboys WARNING. DO NOT USE COMPRESSED AIR TO DISCHARGE AMMONIA SOLUTION FROM CARBOYS. Sample from carboys by pouring, by siphoning, by the use of
22、a polyethylene or polypropylene sampling “thief” or by the use of a hand-operated pump. If the sample is to be obtained by pouring, use a properly constructed carboy tilter. If the sample is to be obtained by siphoning, use a suitable siphon constructed from stainless steel, polyethylene, polypropyl
23、ene or glass. Start the siphon by applying a slight air pressure by means of a hand bellows or bulb, provided that the end of the delivery tube is below the level of the liquid in the carboy. NOTEPolyethylene or polypropylene siphons incorporating bellows for priming are commercially available. If a
24、 polyethylene or polypropylene sampling “thief” is used to draw a sample, use the procedure described in2.2. Do not use electrically-operated pumps.BS4651-0:1987 2 BSI 12-1999 2.3.4 Bottles. Sample from bottles by simple pouring action. In the laboratory, carry out sampling in a fume cupboard. WARNI
25、NG. DO NOT PIPETTE AMMONIA SOLUTION BY MOUTH. USE ONE OF THE SUITABLE DEVICES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE.BS4651-0:1987 BSI 12-1999 3 Appendix A Structure of BS 4651 The Parts of BS4651 are listed inTable 1 together with the corresponding clauses of the1971 edition and any corresponding International Sta
26、ndards. Table 1 Structure of revision of BS4651:1971 Current revision of BS4651 (inParts) Title Corresponding Clause of BS4651:1971 Corresponding International Standard Part 0 Methods for sampling Part 1 a Method for determination of density at20 C Clause 2 Part 2 Method for determination of ammonia
27、 content Clause 3 ISO 7108 Part 3 Method for determination of residue on evaporation Clause 4 ISO 7109 Part 4 a Method for determination of residue after heating at850 C Clause 4 Part 5 a Method for determination of iron content Clause 5 Part 6 a Methods for determination of chloride content Clause
28、6 Part 7 a Method for determination of carbon dioxide content Clause 7 a In preparation.4 blankBS4651-0:1987 BSI 12-1999 Publications referred to See alsoAppendix A. ISO 7108, Ammonia solution for industrial use Determination of ammonia content Titrimetric method. ISO 7109, Ammonia solution for indu
29、strial use Determination of residue after evaporation at105C Gravimetric method. BS 4651-0: 1987 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and
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