1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 447:2007Grout for prestressing tendons Basic requirementsThe European Standard EN 447:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.100.10; 91.100.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g5
2、1g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 447:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 55814 6National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementat
3、ion of EN 447:2007. It supersedes BS EN 447:1997 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/2, Structural use of concrete.A list of organizations represented on this committee
4、 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publication
5、Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 447October 2007ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 447:1996 English VersionGrout for prestressing tendons - Basic requirementsCoulis pour cble de prcontrainte - Prescriptions pour lescoulis courantsEinpressmrtel fr Spannglieder - Allgem
6、eineAnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliog
7、raphical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a
8、CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, It
9、aly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050
10、Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 447:2007: EEN 447:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Materials .6 4.1 Cement6 4.2 Water .7
11、4.3 Admixtures .7 4.4 Additions 7 5 Batching and mixing of grout.7 6 Properties of grout.8 6.1 General8 6.2 Sieve test 8 6.3 Fluidity 8 6.4 Bleeding9 6.5 Volume change 9 6.6 Strength 9 6.7 Setting time 9 6.8 Density 9 7 Evaluation of conformity.10 7.1 Production control.10 7.2 Initial type testing 1
12、0 7.3 Audit testing.11 Bibliography 13 EN 447:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 447:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either
13、by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2008. This document supersedes EN 447:1996. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
14、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
15、 Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 447:2007 (E) 4 Introduction In post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction, the grouting of tendons is an important operation. The intention of this European Standard is to provide basic requirements for the approval of cement grouts,
16、 compliance with which will satisfy the requirements in prEN 13670. The main function of grouting is to: Provide protection to the prestressing steel against corrosion; Provide a bond between the prestressing steel and the ducts where required for the design of the structure; Allow transfer of compr
17、essive stresses in the structure in a direction transverse to internal tendons; Fill all voids where water may accumulate and cause frost damage. The testing regimes anticipated by this European Standard include three levels: (1) Initial type and audit testing in accordance with this European standa
18、rd; (2) Suitability testing for confirmation of the selected grout for a specific project in accordance with EN 446; (3) Inspection during grouting works on a specific project in accordance with EN 446. The test methods for each of the regimes are given in EN 445. EN 447:2007 (E) 5 System of CEN and
19、 EOTA documents as basis for design, execution and materials selection for protective measures of prestressing systems (only main modules). EN 1992 Eurocode 2:Design of concrete structures prEN 13670 Execution of concrete structures ETAG 013 Post-tensioning kits for prestressing of structuresEN 446
20、Grout for prestressing tendons Grouting proceduresEN 447 Grout for prestressing tendonsBasic requirementsEN 445 Grout for prestressing tendonsTest methods CEN Workshop Agreement CWA 14646 Requirements for the installation of post-tensioning kits for prestressing of structures and qualification of sp
21、ecialist company and its personnel. EN 447:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard covers the materials that may be used in the manufacture of cement grouts and the required properties and composition of the grout. It is applicable to grouting of tendons in all types of structures including bridge
22、s and buildings. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-3,
23、 Methods of testing cement Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness EN 197-1, Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 206-1:2000, Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity EN 445, Grout for prestressing tendons
24、 Test methods EN 446, Grout for prestressing tendons Grouting procedures EN 934-2, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 2: Concrete admixtures - Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling EN 934-4, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout Part 4: Admixtures for grout for
25、 prestressing tendons Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling EN 1008, Mixing water for concrete Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete EN 13263 (
26、all parts), Silica fume for concrete 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 grout homogeneous mixture of cement and water, it may contain admixtures and additions 3.2 tendon assembly of prestressing steel and sheath with anchorages a
27、nd all necessary auxiliary components to permit grouting, either placed internally or externally to the concrete structure 4 Materials 4.1 Cement Cement shall comply with EN 197-1 type CEM I (portland cement) or any other type of cement permitted for grouting of tendons in the place of use of the gr
28、out. The cement type shall be declared. EN 447:2007 (E) 7 4.2 Water Water shall comply with EN 1008. 4.3 Admixtures Admixtures shall comply with EN 934-4 or EN 934-2. It shall be permissible to use admixtures singly or in combination. Admixtures shall only be used according to the admixture manufact
29、urers instructions. 4.4 Additions Grout complying with this standard may contain silica fume. The silica fume shall comply with EN 13263. If permitted in the place of use grout may contain other additions intended for the use in concrete in accordance with section 5 of EN 206-1:2000. The type and am
30、ount of additions shall be declared. 5 Batching and mixing of grout Materials may be batched and mixed on site to fabricate grout. Alternatively, the dry materials may be batched in a factory for ready-mixed grout and mixed with the liquid materials on site to fabricate grout. All materials shall be
31、 batched by mass except the mixing water and liquid admixtures which may be batched by mass or volume. The accuracy of batching shall be 2 % for cement, dry admixtures and additions, 1 % for water and liquid admixtures, of the quantities specified. Water contained in liquid admixtures shall be inclu
32、ded in the calculation of w/c ratio. All pozzolanic materials used as separate ingredients shall be included in the calculation of w/c ratio in accordance with the procedures in EN 206-1. Mixing shall be carried out mechanically with suitable equipment to obtain a homogeneous and stable grout with t
33、he plastic properties given in Clause 6. For any grout fabricated in accordance with this European standard the following information shall be declared by the grout manufacturer: mix proportions of materials: w/c ratio and its acceptable tolerance; sequence of introducing the materials, type of mixe
34、r and mixing time; range of temperature for which the grout complies with this European standard. NOTE 1 Grouts complying with this standard will normally have a w/c ratio below 0,4. NOTE 2 EN 446 requires suitability testing to be carried out using the same type of mixing equipment as to be used fo
35、r the actual project operations. Hence, it is preferable to also use the same type of equipment for all testing as far as possible. EN 447:2007 (E) 8 6 Properties of grout 6.1 General The grout shall not contain more than: Chloride (Cl-) 0,10 % by weight of cement; Sulfate (SO32-) 4,5 % by weight of
36、 cement; Sulfide-ions (S2-) 0,01 % by weight of cement. These values are the summation of the chloride, sulfates, sulfites and sulfurs occurring in the constituent materials. Deliberate addition of chloride or sulfate is not permitted. Grout shall comply with the requirements given in 6.2 to 6.8 for
37、: sieve test; fluidity; bleeding; volume change; strength; setting time; fluid density. Testing shall be in accordance with EN 445. Other test methods may be used if the correlation or safe relationship between the results of these test methods and the reference methods of EN 445 have been establish
38、ed. The performance requirements of 6.2 to 6.8 shall be satisfied for the range of conditions of temperature as declared by the grout manufacturer. For pre-bagged grout, the range of temperature shall be stated on the package or accompanying records. 6.2 Sieve test Grout shall be tested according to
39、 EN 445 and no lump shall remain in the sieve. 6.3 Fluidity The fluidity of the grout during the injection period shall be measured by either one of the methods given in EN 445 and the grout shall have the values given in Table 1. Fluidity should not change by more than 20 % from immediately after m
40、ixing to 30 min after mixing or any later time specified by the grout manufacturer. EN 447:2007 (E) 9 Table 1 Fluidity test requirements Test method given in EN 445 Immediately after mixing 30 min after mixing 1)or at the time specified by the grout manufacturer Cone Grout spread Time (in s) a = ave
41、rage spread (in mm) t0 25 s a0 140 mm 1,2 t0 t30 0,8 t0 and t30 25 s 1,2 a0 a30 0,8 a0and a30 140 mm 1)Mixing time shall be measured from the time when all materials are in the mixer. NOTE Fluidity measurements immediately after mixing are denominated t0(cone method) and a0(grout spread method), flu
42、idity measurements made 30 minutes after mixing, i.e. 30 minutes after the first measurements, are denominated t30and a30. Grout shall be kept constantly in motion until sampling for measurement of t30and a30. 6.4 Bleeding The bleeding of the grout shall be sufficiently low to prevent excessive segr
43、egation and sedimentation of the grout materials. When tested by the wick induced method given in EN 445 for the average of three results the bleeding shall not exceed 0,3 % of the initial volume of the grout after 3 h kept at rest. When tested by the inclined tube test method given in EN 445 the bl
44、eeding shall not exceed 0,3 % of the initial volume of the grout after 3 h kept at rest. 6.5 Volume change The volume change assessed may be either an increase or decrease. When tested in accordance with the method given in EN 445 the volume change of the grout at rest for 24 h shall be within the r
45、ange of - 1 % and + 5 %. 6.6 Strength The compressive strength of grout assessed according to EN 445 shall be not less than 30 N/mm2at 28 days or 27 N/mm2at 7 days if it is proposed to estimate the likely 28 day strength at 7 days. 6.7 Setting time Setting time of grout shall be measured according t
46、o EN 196-3 and shall comply with the following: Initial set of the grout; 3 h. Final set of the grout; 24 h. 6.8 Density Fluid density shall be measured in accordance with the method given in EN 445 and shall be declared. EN 447:2007 (E) 10 7 Evaluation of conformity 7.1 Production control The grout
47、 manufacturer shall exercise internal control of the grout fabrication. The requirements shall be documented. This requirement applies to grout dry-batched in a factory and to grout batched on site. Type and frequency of checks shall be considered as a function of the production process. Incoming ma
48、terials shall be checked for compliance with the specification. CE marked materials shall be assumed satisfactory and need, except in case of justified doubt, no further checking. Products, which are considered as not conforming, shall be immediately marked and separated from such products, which co
49、mply. 7.2 Initial type testing Initial type testing shall be performed for any grout well before any use on a project under the following conditions: for each new grout mix design; when there is a change in the materials used for the grout which is likely to have a significant effect on the performance of the grout; if the grout is intended to be used in a temperature range for which no prior initial testing has been performed. The properties, test methods and the minimum number o
