1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12490:2010Durability of wood andwood-based products Preservative-treated solidwood Determination of thepenetration and retention ofcreosote in treated woodBS EN 12490:2010
2、BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12490:2010. Itsupersedes BS EN 12490:1999 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/515, Wood preservation.A list of organizations represented on this committe
3、e can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 64043 8ICS 71.100.50; 79.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlega
4、l obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12490:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12490 June 2010 ICS 71.100.50; 79.040 Supers
5、edes EN 12490:1998English Version Durability of wood and wood-based products - Preservative-treated solid wood - Determination of the penetration and retention of creosote in treated wood Durabilit du bois et des matriaux drivs du bois - Bois massif trait avec un produit de prservation - Dterminatio
6、n de la pntration et de la rtention de crosote dans le bois trait Dauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten - Mit Holzschutzmitteln behandeltes Vollholz - Bestimmung der Eindringtiefe und der Aufnahme von Kreosot (Teerimprgnierl) in behandeltem Holz This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19
7、May 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obt
8、ained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Manag
9、ement Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherl
10、ands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in
11、 any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12490:2010: EBS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Sampling of creosote-treated wood for the determination of penetration and retenti
12、on 54.1 General requirements 54.2 Specific requirements for test samples for the determination of penetration 64.3 Specific requirements for test samples for the determination of retention 65 Determination of the penetration of creosote in treated wood .66 Determination of the retention of creosote
13、in treated wood .76.1 Reagents .76.2 Apparatus .76.3 Preparation of the water trap and the condenser before the extraction 96.4 Procedure for the extraction of creosote from the composite sample 96.5 Expression of results . 107 Test report . 10Annex A (informative) Sapwood/heartwood boundary determi
14、nation 12A.1 Scope . 12A.2 Pines 12A.2.1 Reagents 12A.2.2 Procedure 12A.3 Douglas fir . 13A.3.1 Reagents 13A.3.2 Procedure 13Annex B (normative) Density of some selected timber species that are commonly treated with creosote 14Bibliography . 15BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This docume
15、nt (EN 12490:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the
16、 latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any o
17、r all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12490:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Es
18、tonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard s
19、pecifies the reference methods for determining the penetration and retention of creosote in timber freshly treated with creosote, principally in order to ascertain whether the treated timber conforms to specifications written in terms of EN 351-1. It also provides guidance on the acquisition of test
20、 samples and their handling between sampling and analysis. NOTE In the day-to-day practice at the plant, other methods (e.g. weighing the charge before and after treatment) can be used for determining the retention, provided that a significant relationship can be established with this method. 2 Norm
21、ative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 351-1, Durability of wood and
22、 wood-based products Preservative-treated solid wood Part 1: Classification of preservative penetration and retention EN 351-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products Preservative-treated solid wood Part 2: Guidance on sampling for the analysis of preservative-treated wood EN ISO 3696:1995, Wate
23、r for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 3131, Wood Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 analytical zone part of the treated wood
24、which is analysed for assessing compliance with the retention requirement Adapted from EN 1001-2:2005, 4.03 NOTE For definition of “retention requirement“, see 3.6. 3.2 batch clearly identifiable collection of units of preservative-treated wood manufactured to conform to the same defined penetration
25、 and retention requirements EN 1001-2:2005, 4.04 3.3 charge all the wood treated together in a single operation EN 1001-2:2005, 4.13 BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 5 3.4 composite sample collection of all test samples derived from the sampling units taken from the batch in accordance with the cho
26、sen sampling plan for the determination of retention EN 1001-2:2005, 4.15 3.5 penetration requirement minimum depth to which the creosote is required to penetrate the wood Adapted from EN 1001-2.2005, 4.59 3.6 retention requirement loading of the creosote that is required in the analytical zone Adap
27、ted from EN 1001-2:2005, 4.73 NOTE 1 For definition of “analytical zone“ see 3.1. NOTE 2 The retention requirement is expressed in kilograms of creosote per cubic metre of treated wood. 3.7 sampling unit unit (for example a pole, a sleeper, a board or a fence post) of preservative treated wood taken
28、 from a batch or charge of preservative treated wood Adapted from EN 1001-2:2005, 4.75 NOTE For definition of “batch“ see 3.2. For definition of “charge“ see 3.3. 3.8 test sample portion of preservative treated wood taken from a sampling unit, in accordance with the recommendations of EN 351-2 3.9 t
29、ransition wood wood in a zone between the true sapwood and the true heartwood Adapted from EN 1001-2:2005, 1.45 NOTE This is distinguishable only in a very few wood species. In general its treatability is similar to that of heartwood. 4 Sampling of creosote-treated wood for the determination of pene
30、tration and retention 4.1 General requirements The acquisition of sampling units and test samples shall follow the procedures established in EN 351-1 and EN 351-2. Additionally, when sampling from a freshly treated batch, the wood shall be allowed to cool to ambient temperature before taking test sa
31、mples. BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 6 4.2 Specific requirements for test samples for the determination of penetration The penetration of creosote in each of the test samples shall be determined immediately after sampling, according to Clause 5, in order to avoid creosote migration from the trea
32、ted to the untreated area. 4.3 Specific requirements for test samples for the determination of retention A batch to be sampled for the determination of retention shall be sampled at a time less than 30 days after the treatment. NOTE 1 The retention requirements defined by the specifier are only appl
33、icable to treated wood as produced, not to the treated wood in service. The composite sample for a batch or charge shall comprise test samples taken in accordance with the chosen sampling plan. Sufficient test sample material shall be taken to ensure that at least 1 g of creosote is contained in the
34、 composite sample. NOTE 2 Wood treated with creosote by vacuum/high pressure processes can normally be expected to contain more than 10 % by mass of creosote. Therefore, it will require approximately 10 g to 12 g of creosoted wood to obtain at least 1 g of creosote in the composite sample. NOTE 3 Th
35、e larger the number of test samples included in the composite sample, the more accurate the resultant retention determination should be. As soon as possible after the test samples have been obtained, and the penetration measured the wood not included in the specified analytical zone of the test samp
36、les shall be removed. The remaining wood constitutes the composite sample for the determination of retention. NOTE 4 If the penetration and retention are determined from the same test samples, the penetration should be determined before any wood is removed from the test samples. The composite sample
37、 shall be stored in a stoppered glass bottle to prevent any free creosote being lost before the analysis. 5 Determination of the penetration of creosote in treated wood For each of the test samples, measure and record the penetration of creosote in the treated wood, as the distance, in millimetres (
38、mm), of the furthest point from the surface to which creosote can be seen to be present in the wood, in accordance with the general recommendations in EN 351-2. NOTE 1 Penetration should be assessed visually from a freshly cut test sample, the colour of the creosote clearly indicating its extent in
39、the treated timber. NOTE 2 In some cases the creosote may not penetrate continuously through the early and late wood of the treated timber. NOTE 3 If the boundary between the sapwood and the heartwood cannot be distinguished visually, in some cases a chemical method can be used to distinguish betwee
40、n them. Some examples are given in Annex A. Where no distinction is possible, all the wood is regarded as sapwood. NOTE 4 Occasionally small zones of sapwood adjacent to the heartwood cannot be treated, for example transition wood. These should be ignored for the purposes of assessing sapwood penetr
41、ation. NOTE 5 Creosote treated zones can be subsurfaced by migrating creosote during sampling. To fully visualize creosote treated zones within taken voluminous drilling cores from sampling units, a final cut through the centre of the core, direction from the untreated to the treated zone and theref
42、ore surface, should be made. The inner untreated zone cannot be subsurfaced. BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 7 6 Determination of the retention of creosote in treated wood 6.1 Reagents 6.1.1 Water of grade 3, according to EN ISO 3696:1995. 6.1.2 Chromic acid saturated solution in concentrated sulp
43、huric acid. 6.1.3 Toluene, C6H5CH3, analytical grade. 6.1.4 Suitable detergent solution in water. 6.2 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and the following (see Figure 1). 6.2.1 Glass round-bottomed flask, capacity 500 ml or 1 000 ml. 6.2.2 Heating mantle for the glass round-bottomed flask (6.2.
44、1). 6.2.3 Glass Soxhlet-apparatus, capacity 60 ml. 6.2.4 Cellulose extraction thimble (28 mm diameter and 80 mm height). 6.2.5 Glass water trap, Dean and Stark type, with a capacity of 10 ml, fitted with a stopcock and marked in graduations of 0,1 ml. 6.2.6 Glass reflux condenser of the “Liebig-West
45、“ type. 6.2.7 Balance with an accuracy of 0,01 g. 6.2.8 Glass rod, or rod made of another inert material, with a diameter of about 3 mm and as long as the condenser (6.2.6) and the water trap (6.2.5) together. 6.2.9 Vented drying oven, that can be maintained at (115 5) C and operated in a fume cupbo
46、ard. 6.2.10 Desiccator with a drying agent of the indicating type (e.g. silica gel). BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 8 Key 1 Round bottom flask (6.2.1) 2 Soxhlet-apparatus (6.2.3) and extraction thimble (6.2.4) 3 Adaptor that fits between the Soxhlet (6.2.3) and the water trap (6.2.5) 4 Water trap
47、 (6.2.5) 5 Reflux condenser (6.2.6) Figure 1 Apparatus BS EN 12490:2010EN 12490:2010 (E) 9 6.3 Preparation of the water trap and the condenser before the extraction Thoroughly clean the inner surface of the water trap (6.2.5) of the apparatus and the inside surface of the condenser (6.2.6) with a wa
48、rm solution (50 C to 60 C) of detergent (6.1.4). Rinse thoroughly to remove all trace of detergent with water (6.1.1), and allow to drain for a few minutes. Dry the outer surface of the water trap. Inspect carefully the inner surface of the water trap and condenser. If droplets of water remain on th
49、ese surfaces, repeat the cleaning operation several times with the detergent solution (6.1.4). If this fails to produce a droplet-free inner surfaces, rinse the equipment several times with a saturated solution of chromic acid (6.1.2). CAUTION Care should be taken to prevent contact of the chromic acid solution (6.1.2) with skin or clothing. If contact does occur, wash immediately with copious quantities of water. After treatment with this acid solution, rinse the apparatus tho
