1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58structures Test methods Determination of modulus of elasticity in compressionThe European Standard
2、EN 13412:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.080.40Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13412:2006BS EN 13412:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI
3、 2006ISBN 0 580 49512 4Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
4、National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 13412:2006. It supersedes BS EN 13412:2002 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Protection and repair o
5、f concrete structures.A list of organizations represented on B/517/8 can be obtained on request to its secretary.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13412August 2006ICS 91.080.40 Supersedes EN 13412:2002 English VersionProducts and systems for the protection and repair of concretestruc
6、tures - Test methods - Determination of modulus ofelasticity in compressionProduits et systmes pour la protection et la rparation desstructures en bton - Mthodes dessai - Dtermination dumodule dlasticit en compressionProdukte und Systeme fr den Schutz und dieInstandsetzung von Betontragwerken - Prfv
7、erfahren -Bestimmung des Elastizittsmoduls im DruckversuchThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 July 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any
8、 alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tr
9、anslationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hu
10、ngary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre:
11、rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13412:2006: EEN 13412:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle5 5 Equipment
12、5 6 Preparation of test specimens .5 7 Procedure .6 8 Calculation7 9 Report .7 Annex A (normative) Summary of temperatures and humidities for the curing, conditioning and testing of repair products and systems 8 Bibliography 9 EN 13412:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13412:2006) has been prepa
13、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related products”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2007, and conflicting natio
14、nal standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2007. This document supersedes EN 13412:2002 It has been drafted by CEN/TC 104/SC 8 “Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard is one of a se
15、ries dealing with products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Den
16、mark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 13412:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies two
17、 methods for determining the modulus of elasticity in compression for repair products and systems. Method 1 is for products and systems with high creep characteristics typically those containing polymer binders (PC). Method 2 is for products and systems with low creep characteristics typically those
18、 containing polymer modified (PCC) and cementitious (CC) binders. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced docum
19、ent (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement Part 1: Determination of strength EN 1504-1:2005, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Definitions, requirements, quality control and evaluation of conformity Part 1: Definitions EN 1504-
20、3:2005, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Definitions, requirements, quality control and evaluation of conformity Part 3: Structural and non-structural repair EN 12190, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test methods Dete
21、rmination of compressive strength of repair mortar EN 12390-3, Testing hardened concrete Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens EN 12390-4, Testing hardened concrete Part 4: Compressive strength Specification for testing machines 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the
22、 terms and definitions given in EN 1504-1:2005 and EN 1504-3:2005 and the following apply. 3.1 compressive stress compressive force carried at any time by the test specimen per unit of the original cross-section 3.2 compressive strain ratio of the change in the distance between two reference points
23、along the axis of the test specimen per unit length of the original distance 3.3 secant modulus ratio of stress to a corresponding strain, measured relative to a level of pre-stress applied to firmly bed the specimen, platens and ball seating NOTE The secant modulus is also known as the static modul
24、us of elasticity in compression as defined in ISO 6784. 3.4 creep additional time-dependent strain that occurs in a test specimen under a constant applied stress EN 13412:2006 (E) 5 4 Principle The principle of the test is to measure the secant modulus of the specimen by applying a controlled axial
25、compressive load to a prism with a 4:1 aspect ratio and relating a longitudinal compressive strain to the compressive stress, thus inducing it. Two methods are used: Method 1 is for products and systems with high creep characteristics, typically those containing polymer binders (PC), where a high ra
26、te of loading is necessary to counteract the effects of creep, which can significantly reduce the calculated value of the secant modulus. Method 2 is for products and systems with low creep characteristics, typically those containing polymer modified (PCC) and cementitious (CC) binders. 5 Equipment
27、5.1 Mortar mixer, in accordance with EN 196-1, or a forced action pan mixer. 5.2 Moulds, prisms with a dimension of 40 mm 40 mm 160 mm in accordance with EN 196-1. 5.3 Strain measuring instruments, strain gauges with a gauge length of at least 50 mm, a maximum sensitivity of 50 m/m that provide a co
28、ntinuous indication of change in gauge length. NOTE Alternative methods of strain measurement of equivalent sensitivity may be used. 5.4 Compression testing machine, suitable for testing specimens with the dimension given in (5.2) and conforming to the requirements of EN 12390-4. 5.5 Standard labora
29、tory climate, of (21 2) C and (60 10) % RH in accordance with Annex A. 6 Preparation of test specimens The components of the product undergoing testing shall be maintained at the standard test conditions (5.5) for at least 24 h before mixing. A mortar mixer (5.1) shall be used to prepare a batch of
30、product in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. NOTE A suppliers complete pack of pre-weighed components should preferably be used but where this is not practicable, the proportioning of components should be in accordance with the manufacturers specification. The mixed material shall t
31、hen be compacted into prism moulds (5.2) and fully cured, following the manufacturers recommended procedure. At least three prisms are required as test specimens. The specimens shall be cured and stored as described in Annex A. The moulds shall be removed 24 h after preparation of the test specimens
32、. EN 13412:2006 (E) 6 7 Procedure 7.1 Conditions and conditioning: Immediately prior to testing, the test specimens shall be conditioned for at least 24 h under the standard conditions laid down in (5.5). 7.2 Measurement: Measure the width and thickness of each specimen from the middle to the neares
33、t 0,1 mm, to calculate the cross-sectional area. 7.3 Fitting strain measuring instruments: When attaching a strain gauge (5.3) to a specimen, ensure that the strain measurement is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the prism and any distortion about the axis is eliminated. There shall be no slippa
34、ge between the grips of mechanical strain gauges and the specimen. 7.4 Method 1: The secant modulus is based on the compressive stress required to reduce the gauge length of the test specimen by 0,2 % from a pre-stress of approximately 10% of the expected stress at 0,002 compressive strain. 7.4.1 Pr
35、e-loading: Place the specimen centrally in the compression test machine in accordance with the procedure of EN 12390-3, with the strain measuring instruments (5.3) attached axially. The load shall be applied smoothly at a constant rate to produce a stress of between 2 N/mm2/s and 10 N/mm2/s until a
36、compressive strain of approximately 0,002 m/m is indicated. Record the applied load as N1. Using the same rate of loading, smoothly remove to a load of N2, which is 10 % of N1, and then re-apply the same load at least twice, using the same rate of loading, to ensure that the specimen and the platens
37、 are well seated and that the strain gauges are indicating consistently. If the individual strains are not within a range of 10 % of their mean value at N1, the pre-loading in (7.4.1) should be repeated at a higher loading rate, to a maximum of 10 N/mm2/s. NOTE If the above procedure does not produc
38、e a consistent result for the strain at N1, this can be due to the effects of excessive creep strain and can be reduced by using a faster rate of load application. If, following repeat testing at a higher rate of loading it is not possible to reduce the differences to within a range of 10 % of their
39、 mean value at N1, do not proceed with the test loading (7.4.2). 7.4.2 Test Loading: While the load is held at N2, zero the strain gauges. Measure the change in the compressive strain () as the load is increased from N2to N1at the same rate of loading used for pre-loading (7.4.1). Calculate N as the
40、 difference between the two levels of applied load (i.e. N1- N2). Reduce the load to N2, using the same rate of loading and then repeat the loading and unloading cycle a further three times. Four measurements of (N) and ( ) shall be recorded. The load (N) should then be converted to a stress () by d
41、ividing by the cross-sectional area (7.2) of the specimen. 7.5 Method 2: The secant modulus is established by measuring the change in the strain in the specimen when loaded to produce a stress of between 0,5 N/mm2(2) and one-third of the compressive strength (c) of the specimen, measured in accordan
42、ce with EN 12190. 7.5.1 Pre-loading: Place the test specimen, with the strain measuring instruments (5.3) attached axially and centrally in the machine. Apply the basic stress of 0,5 N/mm2(2) and record the strain. Steadily increase the stress at a constant rate within the range (0,6 0,4) N/mm2/s un
43、til a stress equal to one-third of the compressive strength (c) of the specimen (1= c/3) is reached. NOTE The preferred rate of stress application is 0,6 N/(mm2x s). Maintain the stress for 60 s and record the strain readings taken during the following 30 s. If the individual strain readings on the
44、specimen are not within a range of 10 % of their mean value at (1), re-centre the test specimen and repeat the pre-loading in (7.5.1). EN 13412:2006 (E) 7 If it is not possible to reduce the differences to within a range of 10 % of their mean value at 1, do not proceed with the test loading (7.5.2).
45、 Carry out at least two additional preloading cycles, using the same loading and unloading rate, and maintaining the stress (1and 2) at a constant for a period of 60 s. 7.5.2 Test Loading: After completing the last preloading cycle and a waiting for a period of 60 s under the stress (2), measure the
46、 change in the compressive strain () as the stress is increased from (2to 1), calculating () as the difference between the two levels of applied stress (i.e. 1- 2). Measurements of (1) and () should be completed within 30 s. When all measurements have been completed, remove the strain measuring inst
47、ruments (5.3) where applicable and then increase the load on the test specimen, at the specified rate, until failure of the specimen occurs and calculate the failure stress (f). If the compressive strength of the specimen at failure (f) differs from (c) by more than 20 %, this shall be noted in the
48、test report. 8 Calculation Calculate the secant modulus for each specimen by dividing () by (). Calculate the mean secant modulus for the three specimens, expressing the mean value to the nearest 100 N/mm2. 9 Report The following information shall be included in the test report: a) reference to the
49、test method standard; b) name and address of the test laboratory; c) identification number and date of the test; d) name and address of the manufacturer or supplier of the product; e) name and identification marks or batch number of the product; f) date of supply of the product; g) date of preparation of the test specimens and any deviation from the prescribed method of preparation; h) cross-sectional area of each specimen; i) conditions of st
