1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13631-16:2004 Explosives for civil uses High explosives Part 16: Detection and measurement of toxic gases The European Standard EN 13631-16:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.30 BS EN 13631-16:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of th
2、e Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 25 August 2004 BSI 25 August 2004 ISBN 0 580 44334 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13631-16:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/61, Explosives for
3、civil uses, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
4、 under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct
5、 application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests inform
6、ed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 7 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
7、was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN1363116 August2004 ICS71.100.30 Englishversion ExplosivesforcivilusesHighexplosivesPart16:Detection andmeasurementoftoxicgases ExplosifsusagecivilExplosifsPartie16:Dtectionet m
8、esuredesgaztoxiquesaztoxiques ExplosivstoffefrzivileZweckeSprengstoffeTeil16: NachweisundMessungvontoxischen Schwadenbestandteilen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon21June2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standa
9、rdthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra
10、 nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,L
11、ithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyfo
12、rmandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN1363116:2004:EEN 13631-16:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Apparatus.4 4.1 Blast chamber4 4.2 Analysis apparatus4 4.3 Gas extraction equipment.4 4.4 Tube4 4.5 Means of ini
13、tiation .5 5 Test pieces.5 6 Procedure.5 7 Test report5 Annex A (informative) Range of applicability of the test method .6 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 93/15 EEC7 EN 13631-16:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13
14、631-16:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 321 “Explosives for civil uses“, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 20
15、05, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU
16、Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document is one of a series of standards on Explosives for civil uses High explosives. The other parts of this series are: prEN 13631-1 Part 1: Requirements EN 13631-2 Part 2: Determination of thermal stability
17、of explosives EN 13631-3 Part 3: Determination of sensitiveness to friction of explosives EN 13631-4 Part 4: Determination of sensitiveness to impact of explosives EN 13631-5 Part 5: Determination of resistance to water EN 13631-6 Part 6: Determination of resistance to hydrostatic pressure EN 13631-
18、7 Part 7: Determination of safety and reliability at extreme temperatures EN 13631-10 Part 10: Verification of the means of initiation EN 13631-11 Part 11: Determination of transmission of detonation prEN 13631-12 Part 12: Specification of boosters with different initiating capability EN 13631-13 Pa
19、rt 13: Determination of density EN 13631-14 Part 14: Determination of velocity of detonation prEN 13631-15 Part 15: Calculation of thermodynamic properties EN 13631-16 Part 16: Detection and measurement of toxic gases According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiza
20、tions of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slove
21、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 13631-16:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies a method for determination of the quantity of nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides produced by the detonation of explosives for use in underground works. 2 Normative references The following refer
22、enced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13631-10, Explosives for civil uses High explosives Part 10: Veri
23、fication of the means of initiation EN 13857-1:2003, Explosives for civil uses Part 1: Terminology EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence and testing of calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:1999). 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definiti
24、ons given in EN 13857-1:2003 apply. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Blast chamber The chamber shall be designed to withstand the forces occurring during detonation of high explosives, with a minimum chamber volume of 15 m 3 . The actual size of the chamber shall be known to within an accuracy of 2 %. The chamber sh
25、all be equipped with an effective mixing system, to ensure a homogeneous atmosphere in the chamber within a few minutes after the blast. The chamber shall be equipped with a means to measure the ambient temperature and pressure inside the chamber, and shall have ports for gas sampling. When an open
26、flow chamber is used, the volume and flow velocity shall be such as to prevent a significant loss of fumes. 4.2 Analysis apparatus Suitable analysis equipment shall be used to continuously measure the quantity of CO, CO 2 , NO and NO 2over a period of 20 min. As an example, infrared technique can be
27、 used to measure CO and CO 2and a chemiluminescent analyser for NO and NO x . 4.3 Gas extraction equipment An air pump and an air flow measuring device shall be used to extract the gas sample from the blast chamber. Condensation of water vapour in the gas sampling tube and subsequent dissolving of N
28、O xshall be prevented. 4.4 Tube A thick walled steel tube (sufficiently strong to withstand a large number of blasts) with an inner diameter of 150 mm and an internal length of 1 400 mm. EN 13631-16:2004 (E) 5 4.5 Means of initiation Shall be as specified by the manufacturer in accordance with EN 13
29、631-10. 5 Test pieces For cartridged explosives, cartridges with the minimum diameter placed on the market shall be used. Bulk explosives shall be filled into glass tubes or, if a strong confinement is needed, shall be filled into aluminium tubes. The inner diameter of the glass or aluminium tube sh
30、all be the minimum diameter recommended by the manufacturer for the use of the explosive. The minimum length of the explosive column shall be 700 mm or at least seven times the diameter of the charge. The minimum explosive mass-to-chamber volume ratio shall be 30 g/m 3and shall not exceed 50 g/m 3 .
31、 The amount of explosive used in each firing shall be recorded. The cartridges shall be coaxially fixed in such a way that transmission of detonation is ensured. The length of the charge shall not exceed the length of the steel tube. No combustible material shall be used for coaxially and longitudin
32、ally centring of the charge. 6 Procedure Place the charge centrally in the bore of the steel tube. Fire the charge. Allow the gases to mix for a maximum of 5 min. Start the gas sampling from the blasting chamber. Measure the gas concentration for a period of 20 min. The concentration of CO and CO 2w
33、ill be constant after an initial mixing period, provided the blasting chamber is sufficiently gas tight. Since NO and NO 2give subsequent secondary reactions, the measured concentration shall be extrapolated to obtain the initial concentration. The initial concentration of each nitrogen-containing c
34、omponent can be obtained by plotting the reciprocal concentration versus the time elapsed since the blast and extrapolating the resulting curve to zero time. From the initial concentrations so determined, the volume of the chamber and the amount of explosive fired, the amount of each toxic gas shall
35、 be calculated in litres per kilogram of explosive (at standard temperature and pressure). The test shall be performed three times. 7 Test report The test report shall conform to EN ISO/IEC 17025. In addition, the following information shall be given: a) a reference to this document, i.e. EN 13631-1
36、6; b) the volume and initial temperature of the blasting chamber, temperature and gas drying method within the gas sampling tube; c) the diameter and length of the cartridges used and material and quality of the cartridge covering; d) the means of initiation and confinement used; e) the amount of ea
37、ch toxic gas (CO, CO 2 , NO and NO x ) calculated for each firing, in l/kg; f) the mean amount of each toxic gas, in l/kg. EN 13631-16:2004 (E) 6 Annex A (informative) Range of applicability of the test method Range of applicability of the test method: 30 C to + 80 C. EN 13631-16:2004 (E) 7 Annex ZA
38、 (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 93/15 EEC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to by CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essentia
39、l Requirements of the New Approach Directive 93/15 EEC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, w
40、ithin the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with II.2.A(c) of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING : Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN 13631-16:2004 BSI 38
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