1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58The European Standard EN 14991:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.100.30Precast concre
2、te products Foundation elementsBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14991:2007BS EN 14991:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50664 2European Commission mandate. The Member States have agreed a nominal tran
3、sition period for the coexistence of EN 14991:2007 and their corresponding national standard(s). It is intended that this period will comprise a nominal nine-month period during which any required changes to national regulations are to be made, followed by a further nominal twelve-month period for t
4、he implementation of CE marking. At the end of this coexistence period, the national standard(s) will be withdrawn. In the UK there are no corresponding national standards.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct a
5、pplication.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentstakes into account the requirements of the European Commission mandate M/100, Products related to precast concrete products, given under the EU Constr
6、uction Products Directive (89/106/EEC), and intended to lead to CE marking. The date of applicability of EN 14991:2007 as a “harmonized” European Standard, i.e. the date after which this standard may be used for CE marking purposes, is subject to an announcement in the Official Journal of the Europe
7、an Communities.EN 14991:2007 is the subject of transitional arrangements agreed under the National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 14991:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/524, Precast concrete pro
8、ducts.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.EN 14991:2007 is a candidate “harmonized” European Standard and fully EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14991April 2007ICS 91.100.30English VersionPrecast concrete products - Found
9、ation elementsProduits prfabriqus en bton - lments de fondation Betonfertigteile - GrndungselementeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 January 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard t
10、he status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germa
11、n). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub
12、lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORM
13、ALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14991:2007: EEN 14991:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page The numbering of clauses is strictly re
14、lated to EN 13369:2004 Common rules for precast concrete products, at least for the first three digits. When a clause of EN 13369 is not relevant or included in a more general reference of this standard, its number is omitted and this may result in a gap on numbering. Foreword3 Introduction .5 1 Sco
15、pe 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Requirements.7 5 Test methods8 6 Evaluation of conformity.8 7 Marking .9 8 Technical documentation .9 Annex A (normative) Inspection schemes 10 Annex B (informative) Typical shapes of foundation elements11 Annex Y (informative) Choice of CE
16、marking method.17 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive18 Bibliography 27 EN 14991:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14991:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concrete products”,
17、 the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR and was examined by and agreed with a joint working party appointed by the Liaison Group CEN/TC 229-TC250, particularly for its compatibility with structural Eurocodes. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publi
18、cation of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supp
19、orts essential requirements of EU Construction Products Directives (89/106/EEC). For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is one of a series of product standards for precast concrete products. For common aspects referenc
20、e is made to EN 13369: Common rules for precast concrete products, from which also the relevant requirements of the EN 206-1: Concrete Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity are taken. The references to EN 13369 by CEN/TC 229 product standards are intended to make them homogen
21、eous and to avoid repetitions of similar requirements. Eurocodes are taken as a common reference for design aspects. The installation of some structural precast concrete products is dealt with by ENV 13670-1: Execution of concrete structures Part 1: Common rules, which has at the moment the status o
22、f an European prestandard. In all countries it can be accompanied by alternatives for national application and it shall not be treated as a European Standard. The programme of standards for structural precast concrete products comprises the following standards, in some cases consisting on several pa
23、rts: EN 1168, Precast concrete products Hollow core slabs EN 12794, Precast concrete products Foundation piles EN 12843, Precast concrete products Masts and poles EN 13747, Precast concrete products Floor plates for floor systems EN 15037 (all parts), Precast concrete products Beams for beam-and-blo
24、ck floor systems EN 13224, Precast concrete products Ribbed floor elements EN 13225, Precast concrete products Linear structural elements EN 14992, Precast concrete products Wall elements EN 15258, Precast concrete products Retaining wall elements EN 13693, Precast concrete products Special roof ele
25、ments EN 14991:2007 (E) 4 EN 14844, Precast concrete products Box culverts EN 13978-1, Precast concrete products Precast concrete garages - Part 1: Requirements for reinforced garages monolithic or consisting of single sections with room dimensions EN 14991, Precast concrete products Foundation elem
26、ents EN 15050, Precast concrete products Bridge elements EN 14843, Precast concrete products Stairs This European Standard defines in Annex ZA the application methods of CE marking to products designed using the relevant EN Eurocodes (EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1992-1-2). Where, in default of applicability
27、conditions of EN Eurocodes to the works of destination, design provisions other than EN Eurocodes are used for mechanical strength, the conditions to affix CE marking to the product are described in ZA.3.5. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of th
28、e following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovaki
29、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 14991:2007 (E) 5 Introduction The evaluation of conformity given in this European Standard refers to the completed precast elements which are supplied to the market and covers all the production operations carried out in the factory. For
30、 design rules reference is made to EN 1992-1-1. Additional complementary rules are provided where necessary. EN 14991:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard deals with the requirements and the basic performance criteria and specifies where applicable minimum values for precast foundation elements
31、 (comprising columns with integrated foundation elements, pocket foundation elements, sockets) made of reinforced normal weight concrete for structure of buildings according to EN 1992-1-1. This European Standard covers terminology, performance criteria, tolerances, relevant physical properties and
32、special aspects of transport and erection. This European Standard does not cover the bearing capacity determined by testing. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For und
33、ated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1992-1-1:2004, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1997-1:2004, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 1: General rules EN 13369:2004, Common r
34、ules for precast concrete products 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in Clause 3 of EN 13369:2004 and the following apply. 3.1 pocket foundation element precast reinforced concrete unit capable of transferring vertical actions, bending moments
35、and horizontal shears from structural components of the structure (e.g. columns, foundation beams, walls) to the soil (see Figures B.2 to B.4) 3.2 column with integrated foundation element precast foundation element forming part of a column and permanently fixed to it 3.3 socket either vertical part
36、 of a pocket foundation element (see Figures B.3 and B.4) or separate precast unit corresponding to that part (see Figure B.1) 3.4 footing horizontal part of the pocket foundation element NOTE It can either be a part of a pocket unit or be cast on site. 3.5 pocket with keyed surfaces pocket expressl
37、y wrought with indentations or keys at the vertical internal surfaces of the socket EN 14991:2007 (E) 7 3.6 pocket with smooth surfaces pocket with the internal surfaces of its socket smooth as cast 3.7 product family group of foundation elements of the same type and shape, with the same critical di
38、mensions and manufactured with the same type of concrete (type of concrete: see EN 13369:2004, 3.1.8) 4 Requirements 4.1 Material requirements 4.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply except that 4.1.4 is not relevant. 4.2 Production requirements 4.2.1 Concrete production 4.2.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply.
39、 4.2.2 Hardened concrete 4.2.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.2.3 Structural reinforcement 4.2.3 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply except that 4.2.3.2 is not relevant. 4.3 Finished product requirements 4.3.1 Geometrical properties 4.3.1.1 Production tolerances 4.3.1.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.1
40、.2 Minimum nominal dimensions 4.3.1.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.2 Surface characteristics 4.3.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. EN 14991:2007 (E) 8 4.3.3 Mechanical resistance 4.3.3.1 General 4.3.3.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.3.2 Verification by calculation 4.3.3.2 of EN 13369:2004, 10
41、.9.6 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and 6 of EN 1997-1:2004 shall apply. Interactions with soil irregularities shall be checked. 4.3.3.3 Resistance to vertical load and bending moment 10.9.6 of EN 1992-1-1:2004 and Clause 6 of EN 1997-1:2004 shall apply. 4.3.3.4 Verification by calculation aided by physical te
42、sting 4.3.3.3 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.3.5 Safety factors 4.3.3.5 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.3.6 Transient situations 4.3.3.6 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.7 Durability 4.3.7 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3.8 Other requirements 4.3.8 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 5 Test methods
43、 Clause 5 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 6 Evaluation of conformity 6.1 General Compliance of the product with the requirements of this European Standard shall be demonstrated by: initial type testing; factory production control. 6.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. EN 14991:2007 (E) 9 6.2 Type testing
44、6.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. Previous type tests (or tests) executed before the application of the present standard may be used as type tests provided they are related to the same product family with the same or equivalent or more demanding test method. 6.3 Factory production control 6.3 of EN
45、13369:2004 shall apply. Inspection schemes shall be conducted in an accordance with Annex A of the present standard and EN 13369:2004, Annexes D.1 to D.3, D.4 as amended in Annex A and D.5. 7 Marking Clause 7 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. NOTE For CE marking see Annex ZA. 8 Technical documentation T
46、he detailing of the element, referred to geometrical data with the complementary properties of materials and inserts, shall be given in technical documentation, which includes the construction data, such as the dimensions, the tolerances, the layout of reinforcement, the concrete cover, the expected
47、 transient and final support conditions and lifting conditions. The composition of technical documentation is given in clause 8 of EN 13369:2004. EN 14991:2007 (E) 10 Annex A (normative) Inspection schemes A.1 Finished product inspection The Table A.1 replaces item 2 of Table D.4 of EN 13369:2004. T
48、able A.1 Finished product inspection Subject Method Purpose Frequency Product Testing 2a Critical dimensions Measuring according to 5.2 of EN 13369:2004 Conformity with the requirements of this standard and with the design specification One product / family / 5 production days One product/production
49、 day 2b Internal surface characteristics in case of pockets with keyed surfaces Visual inspection Roughness for shear resistance As for critical dimensions If treated after production: 1 element/roughening process/production day EN 14991:2007 (E) 11 Annex B (informative) Typical shapes of foundation elements B.1 Typology Precast concrete foundation elements dealt with in this European Standard can be distinguished in some principal types according to the following
