1、BSI Standards PublicationSound system equipmentPart 4: MicrophonesBS EN 60268-4:2014National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60268-4:2014. It is identical to IEC 60268-4:2014. It supersedes BS EN 60268-4:2010 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was
2、 entrusted to Technical Com-mittee EPL/100, Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible
3、 for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 79786 6ICS 33.160.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Polic
4、y and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60268-4:2014EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 60268-4 August 2014 ICS 33.160.50 Supersedes EN 60268-4:2010 English Version Sound system equipment - Part
5、 4: Microphones(IEC 60268-4:2014) Equipements pour systmes lectroacoustiques - Partie 4: Microphones (CEI 60268-4:2014) Elektroakustische Gerte - Teil 4: Mikrofone(IEC 60268-4:2014) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-07-24. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
6、 Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or t
7、o any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as th
8、e official versions.CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
9、urg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation ElectrotechniqueEuropisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-C
10、ENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 60268-4:2014 E EN 60268-4:2014 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 100/2116/CDV, future edition 5 of IEC 60268-4, prepa
11、red by IEC/TC 100 “Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60268-4:2014. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical nat
12、ional standard or by endorsement (dop) 2015-04-24 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2017-07-24 This document supersedes EN 60268-4:2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subj
13、ect of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60268-4:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibli
14、ography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: CISPR 22 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55022. IEC 60065:2001 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60065:2002. IEC 60065/A1:2005 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60065/A1:2006. IEC 60065/A2:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60065/A2:2010. IEC 60958-4 NOTE Harmonized
15、as EN 60958-4. IEC 61000-3-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-3-2. IEC 61000-3-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-3-3. IEC 61606 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 61606 (Series). IEC 61672-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61672-1. BS EN 60268-4:2014- 3 - EN 60268-4:2014 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to intern
16、ational publications with their corresponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
17、 the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is avai
18、lable here: www.cenelec.eu. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60268-1 1985 Sound system equipment - Part 1: General HD 483.1 S2 1989 +A1 1988 - - +A2 1988 - - IEC 60268-2 1987 Sound system equipment - Part 2: Explanation of general terms and calculation methods HD 483.2 S2 1993 +A1 1991 - - IEC
19、60268-3 2013 Sound system equipment - Part 3: Amplifiers (GMT) EN 60268-3 2013 IEC 60268-5 2003 Sound system equipment - Part 5: Loudspeakers EN 60268-5 2003 +A1 2007 +A1 2009 IEC 60268-11 1987 Sound system equipment - Part 11: Application of connectors for the interconnection of sound system compon
20、ents HD 483.11 S3 1993 +A1 1989 - - +A2 1991 - - IEC 60268-12 1987 Sound system equipment - Part 12: Application of connectors for broadcast and similar use EN 60268-12 1995 +A1 1991 - - +A2 1994 +A2 1995 IEC 61000-4-2 2008 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-2: Testing and measurement tech
21、niques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test EN 61000-4-2 2009 IEC 61000-4-3 2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test EN 61000-4-3 2006 IEC 61000-4-4 2012 Electromagnetic compatibility (
22、EMC) - Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test EN 61000-4-4 2012 IEC 61000-4-6 2008 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-6: Testing and measurement techniques - Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields EN 61000
23、-4-6 2009 IEC 61000-4-8 2009 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-8: Testing and measurement techniques - Power frequency magnetic field immunity test EN 61000-4-8 2010 BS EN 60268-4:2014EN 60268-4:2014 - 4 - IEC 61000-4-16 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-16: Testing and measu
24、rement techniques - Test for immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz - - IEC 61000-4-17 1999 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-17: Testing and measurement techniques - Ripple on d.c. input power port immunity test - - +A1 2001 +A1 2004 +A2 20
25、08 +A2 2009 IEC 61260-1 2014 Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters - Part 1: Specifications EN 61260-1 2014 IEC 61938 2013 Multimedia systems - Guide to the recommended characteristics of analogue interfaces to achieve interoperability EN 61938 2013 CISPR 35 - Electromagn
26、etic compatibility of multimedia equipment - Immunity requirements - - ITU-T Recommendation P.51 1996 Artificial mouth - - EN 55103-2 2009 Electromagnetic compatibility Product family standard for audio, video, audio-visual and entertainment lighting control apparatus for professional use Part 2: Im
27、munity - - EN 300 422-2 V1.3.1 2011 Electromagnetic compatibility and radio spectrum matters (ERM) Wireless microphones in the 25 MHz to 3 GHz frequency range Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R frequencies of measurement; quantities to be specified and
28、their accuracy (see also 5.7); marking (see also 7.1); ambient conditions; filters, networks and measuring instruments for noise specification and measurement; individual specifications and type specifications; graphical presentation of characteristics; scales for graphical presentation; personal sa
29、fety and prevention of spread of fire; method of producing a uniform alternating magnetic field; search coils for measuring the magnetic field strength, and to IEC 61938 concerning powering of microphones. 4.2 Measurement conditions 4.2.1 General For convenience in specifying how microphones shall b
30、e set up for measurement, three sets of conditions have been defined in this standard, under the title of “rated conditions“. Microphones should be measured in conditions approximating those in which they are intended to be used. Three sets of measurement conditions are specified in this standard: f
31、ree-field, near-field and close-talking. The differences between these sets of conditions are in the distance to the sound source and the sound pressure level of the measurement. Measurements shall be reported using at least one of these sets of conditions. Additional data may be included, provided
32、that the measurement conditions are specified. Three ratings are basic to the formulation of these concepts: rated power supply (see 9.1); rated impedance (see 10.2); rated sensitivity (see 11.3). BS EN 60268-4:2014IEC 60268-4:2014 IEC 2014 11 To obtain the correct conditions for measurement, the ab
33、ove mentioned ratings shall be taken from the specifications supplied by the manufacturer of the equipment. The term “rated“ applied to other characteristics relates to the specification or measurement of the particular characteristic under rated conditions or under conditions unambiguously connecte
34、d to them. This applies, for example, to the following two characteristics: rated output voltage; rated equivalent sound pressure level due to inherent noise. Methods of measurement are given in this standard for electrical impedance, sensitivity, directional pattern, dynamic range and external infl
35、uences. Where alternative methods are given, the chosen method shall be specified. 4.2.2 Rated conditions The microphone is understood to be working under rated conditions when the following conditions are fulfilled: the microphone is connected to the resistive load specified in 5.4, or as specified
36、 by the manufacturer; if the microphone needs a power supply, this is the rated power supply; the microphone (except a close-talking or near-field microphone) is placed in a sound field meeting the free-field conditions in 5.5.2, the waves having zero degree incidence with respect to the reference d
37、irection; the undisturbed sound pressure (in the absence of the microphone) in the sound field at the reference point of the microphone is sinusoidal and set at a level of 1 Pa (94 dB SPL); for close-talking microphones, the microphone is placed at a stated distance, no more than 25 mm from the arti
38、ficial mouth complying with ITU-T Recommendation P.51, and the undisturbed sound pressure in the sound field at the reference point of microphone is sinusoidal and set at a level of 3 Pa (104 dB SPL); for near-field microphones, the microphone is placed at 30 cm from the artificial mouth complying w
39、ith ITU-T Recommendation P.51, and the undisturbed sound pressure in the sound field at the reference point of microphone is sinusoidal and set at a level of 1 Pa (94 dB SPL); if a special microphone needs a different measurement level, it shall be stated in the technical data together with the reas
40、on for this. Levels related to the normal reference level of 94 dB by multiples of 10 dB are preferred; controls, if any, are set to the position recommended by the manufacturer; in the absence of a clear reason to the contrary, the measurement frequency is 1 000 Hz (see IEC 60268-1); the ambient pr
41、essure, relative humidity and ambient temperature are within the limits given in IEC 60268-1, and shall be stated. Measurements may be made at a sound pressure of 0,3 Pa if this is necessary due to limitations of the performance of the loudspeaker or other measurement equipment, and only if any chan
42、ge in performance between the level used and the reference level is known with the necessary accuracy for the relevant characteristics. 5 Particular conditions 5.1 Pre-conditioning A microphone with preamplifier shall be switched on for the period of time specified by the manufacturer, before measur
43、ements are made, to allow the components to reach the stationary temperature for rated conditions. If the manufacturer specifies no period, a period BS EN 60268-4:2014 12 IEC 60268-4:2014 IEC 2014 of 10 s shall be allowed for stabilization. If the microphone contains a vacuum tube or other heating d
44、evice the time shall be 10 min. 5.2 Sound source The sound source shall be capable of producing at the microphone position the sound pressure level as defined for rated conditions. The amplitude non-linearity of the sound source shall be held to such a value that the effect on the measured response
45、does not exceed 0,5 dB. If the conditions of measurement preclude the possibility of securing sufficiently low distortion, a narrow-band filter may be used at the microphone output terminals, which allows the response at the fundamental frequency to be measured. For free-field calibration and calibr
46、ation of near-field microphones, the sound source shall be contained in an enclosure which radiates sound from one well-defined opening only, and such an opening shall be radially symmetrical with respect to the axis of the reference direction of the microphone. 5.3 Measurement of sound pressure A c
47、alibrated reference pressure microphone shall be used to measure the sound pressure. The reference microphone shall be calibrated with an accuracy of 1 dB or better. 5.4 Voltage measuring system The voltage generated by the microphone, when in a sound field, shall be determined by using a voltmeter
48、with an input resistance of five times the rated impedance of the microphone, unless otherwise stated by the manufacturer. If external equipment, such as a power supply, applies an impedance in parallel with the microphone, its impedance shall be taken into account. NOTE Microphones having a rated i
49、mpedance of 200 often have an actual internal impedance in the order of 50 , and perform best with a minimum load impedance around 1 000 . 5.5 Acoustical environment 5.5.1 General The microphone can be measured in different acoustical environments: a) in a free field or similar with negligible boundary effects, e.g. by using special computer-generated sound source signals: spherical waves, or plane waves, or waves produced by a specific sound source (artif
