1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58and of building elements Part 18: Laboratory measurement of sound generated by rainfall on building
2、 elementsThe European Standard EN ISO 140-18:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.120.20Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 140-18:2006BS EN ISO 140-18:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Stra
3、tegy Committee on 29 December 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49831 XAmendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentscontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard wa
4、s published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN ISO 140-18:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcommittee EH/1/6, Building acoustics.A list of organizations represented on EH/1/6 can be obtained on request to its secretary.Thi
5、s publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 140-18November 2006ICS 91.120.20English VersionAcoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and ofbuilding elements - Part 18: Laboratory measurement of sound
6、generated by rainfall on building elements (ISO 140-18:2006)Acoustique - Mesurage de lisolation acoustique desimmeubles et des lments de construction - Partie 18:Mesurage en laboratoire du bruit produit par la pluie sur leslments de construction (ISO 140-18:2006)Akustik - Messung der Schalldmmung in
7、 Gebuden undvon Bauteilen - Teil 18: Messung des durch Regenfall aufBauteile verursachten Schalls im Prfstand (ISO 140-18:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 November 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for g
8、iving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versi
9、ons (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cypr
10、us, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT
11、EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 140-18:2006: EForeword This document (EN ISO 140-18:2006) has been
12、prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 “Acoustics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 126 “Acoustic properties of building elements and of buildings“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by public
13、ation of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eur
14、opean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. End
15、orsement notice The text of ISO 140-18:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 140-18:2006 without any modifications. EN ISO 140-18:2006Reference numberISO 140-18:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO140-18First edition2006-11-15Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elem
16、ents Part 18: Laboratory measurement of sound generated by rainfall on building elements Acoustique Mesurage de lisolement acoustique des immeubles et des lments de construction Partie 18: Mesurage en laboratoire des bruits produit par la pluie sur les lments de construction EN ISO 140-18:2006ii iii
17、Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Equipment . 3 5 Test arrangement 3 6 Classification of rain types 4 7 Test equipment and procedure . 4 8 Expression of results . 9 9 Measurement uncertainty 9 10 Test report . 10 Annex A (inf
18、ormative) Example of a tank with perforated base 11 Annex B (informative) Reference test specimens. 14 Bibliography . 16 EN ISO 140-18:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prep
19、aring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
20、liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task
21、of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention
22、is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 140-18 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 2, Buildings acoustics. IS
23、O 140 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements: Part 1: Requirements for laboratory test facilities with suppressed flanking transmission Part 2: Determination, verification and application of precision d
24、ata Part 3: Laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation of building elements Part 4: Field measurements of airborne sound insulation between rooms Part 5: Field measurements of airborne sound insulation of faade elements and faades Part 6: Laboratory measurements of impact sound insulation
25、of floors Part 7: Field measurements of impact sound insulation of floors Part 8: Laboratory measurements of the reduction of transmitted impact noise by floor coverings on a heavyweight standard floor Part 9: Laboratory measurement of room-to-room airborne sound insulation of a suspended ceiling wi
26、th a plenum above it Part 10: Laboratory measurement of airborne sound insulation of small building elements Part 11: Laboratory measurements of the reduction of transmitted impact sound by floor coverings on lightweight reference floors Part 13: Guidelines (Technical Report) Part 14: Guidelines for
27、 special situations in the field Part 16: Laboratory measurement of the sound reduction index improvement by additional lining Part 18: Laboratory measurement of sound generated by rainfall on building elements EN ISO 140-18:2006vIntroduction This part of ISO 140 prescribes a laboratory method for t
28、he measurement of sound generated by rainfall on building elements using artificial raindrops produced by a water tank. Ideally, one should expose the test specimen to real rain for such measurements. But real rain is neither steady nor continuous with respect to time. Furthermore, raindrops can var
29、y in diameter due to several factors, including geographic location, which will introduce variability in measured values. One can, however, use real raindrops as a means of validation of measured results obtained with artificial raindrops by building a test room in an unobstructed location. For such
30、 research, it is important that the rain sensor or rain gauge is capable of measuring constant short interval rainfall rates. In the absence of drop size information, repeatability and fluctuations of the measured sound levels with real rain can be investigated by undertaking measurements separated
31、by a time interval of at least 24 h. Artificial raindrop generation systems, other than the water tank used in this part of ISO 140, exist, such as hydraulic spray nozzles; however, so far, nozzles corresponding to the specifications given in this part of ISO 140 are not commercially available: inde
32、ed, their flow rate is too high when the drop diameter is correct or the drop diameter is too small when the flow rate is correct. As a result, only the water tank solution is proposed in this part of ISO 140. An alternative to real rain or artificial raindrops is the dry mechanical excitation of th
33、e test specimen. Researchers have used different methods, such as excitation by an impact hammer and other mechanical impacting simulators, with an aim to simulate the noise of real rain. Such methods invariably suffer from the drawback that the noise source does not generate both the sound levels a
34、nd the sound spectra that compare well with corresponding values generated by the real rain on various types of test specimens. Further research work is encouraged to develop mechanical methods of rain noise generation that can match both the sound levels and spectra of real rain. EN ISO 140-18:2006
35、blank1Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 18: Laboratory measurement of sound generated by rainfall on building elements 1 Scope This part of ISO 140 specifies a laboratory method of measurement of the impact sound insulation of roofs, roof/ceiling sy
36、stems and skylights excited by artificial rainfall. The results obtained can be used for assessing the noise to be produced by rainfall on a given building element in the room or space below. The results can also be used to compare rainfall sound insulation capabilities of building elements and to d
37、esign building elements with appropriate rainfall sound insulation properties. This part of ISO 140 is based on measurements with artificial raindrops under controlled conditions using a water tank in a laboratory test facility in which flanking sound transmission is suppressed. Measurements using r
38、eal rain, although a useful means for validation purposes, are not included because of the variable, unpredictable and intermittent nature of real rain. Other mechanical simulation methods under investigation by researchers are not sufficiently well developed at present to adequately simulate real r
39、ain both in terms of sound levels and spectra generated. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (incl
40、uding any amendments) applies. ISO 140-1:1997, Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 1: Requirements for laboratory test facilities with suppressed flanking transmission ISO 140-3, Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building e
41、lements Part 3: Laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation of building elements ISO 3382-2, Acoustics Measurement of room acoustic parameters Part 2: Reverberation time in ordinary rooms ISO 10848-1:2006, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of the flanking transmission of airborne and impact
42、sound between adjoining rooms Part 1: Frame document ISO 15186-1:2000, Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements using sound intensity Part 1: Laboratory measurements IEC 60721-2-2, Classification of environmental conditions Part 2: Environmental conditions appe
43、aring in nature Precipitation and wind IEC 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters EN ISO 140-18:20062 IEC 61672-1:2002, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: Specifications IEC 61672-2:2003, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests IE
44、C 60942:2003, Electroacoustics Sound calibrators 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 average sound pressure level in a room L ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the space and time average of the squared sound pressure
45、to the square of the reference sound pressure, the space average being taken over the entire room with the exception of those parts where the direct radiation of a sound source or the near field of the boundaries (walls, etc.) is of significant influence NOTE 1 The sound pressure level is given in d
46、ecibels (dB). NOTE 2 If a continuously moving microphone is used, L is determined by the following equation: m2m0201/ ( ) d10 lg dBTTpttLp=(1) where p(t) is the sound pressure, in pascals; p0is the reference sound pressure and is equal to 20 Pa; Tmis the integration time, in seconds. NOTE 3 If fixed
47、 microphone positions are used, L is determined by 22 21220.10 lgnpp pLnp+= dB (2) where p1, p2, , pnare r.m.s. sound pressures at n different positions in the room. In practice, usually the sound pressure levels Liare measured. In this case, L is determined by /101110 lg 10inLiLn=dB (3) where Liare
48、 the sound pressure levels L1to Lnat n different positions in the room. 3.2 sound intensity level sound power level per unit area radiated by the test specimen into the test room below referenced to a value of 1 1012W/m2NOTE The sound intensity level is given in decibels (dB). EN ISO 140-18:200633.3
49、 rainfall rate depth of water layer created by spreading the rainfall on a horizontal surface in a 1 h time interval NOTE The rainfall rate is given in millimetres per hour (mm/h). 3.4 volume median drop diameter value when 50 % of the total volume of water sprayed is made up of drops with diameter larger than the median value and 50 % with smaller diameter NOTE The volume median drop diameter is expressed in millimetres. 4 Equipment The ac
