1、BS EN ISO1889:2009ICS 59.100.01NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDReinforcement yarns Determination oflinear densityThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 July 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0
2、 580 65489 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 1889:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 1889:2009. Itsupersedes BS EN ISO 1889:1997 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommitt
3、ee PRI/42, Fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics and prepregs.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.C
4、ompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 1889July 2009ICS 59.100.01 Supersedes EN ISO 1889:1997 English VersionReinforcement yarns - Determination of linear density (ISO1889:2009)Fils de renfort - Dterminatio
5、n de la masse linique (ISO1889:2009)Verstrkungsgarne - Bestimmung der Feinheit (ISO1889:2009)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 June 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status
6、 of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ver
7、sion in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denm
8、ark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION
9、EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 1889:2009: EBS EN ISO 1889:2009EN ISO 1889:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 1889:200
10、9) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsem
11、ent, at the latest by January 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identify
12、ing any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 1889:1997. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
13、 Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 1889:2009 has been approved by
14、 CEN as a EN ISO 1889:2009 without any modification. BS EN ISO 1889:2009ISO 1889:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International S
15、tandards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, als
16、o take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committe
17、es is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possi
18、bility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 1889 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13, Composites and reinforcement fibres. This four
19、th edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 1889:1997), of which it constitutes a minor revision. The main changes are as follows: the scope has been broadened to include all reinforcement-fibre yarns; the normative references have been updated; the reference to ISO 1886 which was in the
20、first footnote on page 3 has been removed (ISO 1886 has been withdrawn without replacement). BS EN ISO 1889:2009BS EN ISO 1889:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1889:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Reinforcement yarns Determination of linear density 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a
21、 method for the determination of the linear density of glass-fibre, carbon-fibre, aramid-fibre and any other reinforcement-fibre yarns. It is applicable to all types of yarn, including single yarns, double and cabled yarns, textured yarns, rovings and staple-fibre yarns. 2 Normative references The f
22、ollowing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditionin
23、g and testing ISO 1887, Textile glass Determination of combustible-matter content ISO 3344, Reinforcement products Determination of moisture content ISO 10548:2002, Carbon fibre Determination of size content 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitio
24、ns apply. 3.1 linear density of a yarn mass per unit length of the yarn, with or without size NOTE The unit generally used is the tex, which corresponds to 1 g per kilometre of yarn. 4 Principle A yarn test specimen of known length, with or without size, is weighed and the mass per unit length calcu
25、lated. In the case where the yarn must be desized, this is done by extraction and drying (in the case of aramid fibre), by calcination (in the case of glass fibre) or by extraction or pyrolysis (in the case of carbon fibre). In the case of carbon-fibre yarns, the linear density of the desized yarn m
26、ay also be calculated from the linear density of the sized yarn and the size content determined in accordance with ISO 10548. However, the result obtained in this way will include a small error due to the inherent error involved in determining the size content. BS EN ISO 1889:2009ISO 1889:2009(E) 2
27、ISO 2009 All rights reserved5 Apparatus 5.1 Apparatus for determinations on sized yarn 5.1.1 Spool, preferably with a circumference of 1 m. The spool is generally fitted with a traversing system to wind the yarn in thin layers. It may also include a tensioning system to tension the yarn while a test
28、 specimen is being taken. The spool shall be calibrated in such a way that, for all specimen lengths, the actual length obtained is accurate to 0,3 %. The calibration of the spool shall take into consideration the required specimen length, the type of yarn and the type of material. This calibration
29、shall be carried out with a particular tension in the yarn, and the operator shall be made aware of this tension. For specimens 0,25 g5 2 1 Aramid Length such that the mass is between 3 g and 10 g The product specification or the person requesting the determination may stipulate that the determinati
30、on be performed on a (specified) higher number of specimens which are generally taken from adjacent positions in the elementary unit or laboratory sample. Moreover, it may be stipulated that the determination be repeated at different places within the elementary unit or laboratory sample. 1) The ele
31、mentary unit is the smallest normally commercially available entity of a given product. 2) A laboratory sample is a part of the elementary unit from which the specimen(s) will be selected for the test. A laboratory sample is taken when it is impractical to bring the elementary unit into the test lab
32、oratory. BS EN ISO 1889:2009ISO 1889:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved7 Conditioning and test atmosphere If the determination is to be carried out on a desized specimen, conditioning is not necessary. In other cases, ensure that the elementary units or laboratory samples to be examined are at a
33、 temperature defined in ISO 291 before beginning the test. Carry out the determination itself in a standard atmosphere as defined in ISO 291. For aramid yarns, use the atmosphere at (20 2) C and (65 5) % relative humidity. 8 Procedure 8.1 Effect of sizing NOTE In the designation of a yarn, the linea
34、r density is generally that of the dry, desized yarn. However, linear density may be measured with or without size. Therefore, it is important to verify on which basis the yarn specification is written so as to provide clear instructions to the operator for the test procedure. On the other hand, gla
35、ss and carbon-fibre yarns contain a very small amount of moisture. If the amount does not exceed 0,2 %, measured in accordance with ISO 3344, the determination may be made on the undried, sized yarn. 8.2 Preliminary operations Using the spool (or alternative equipment as specified in 5.1.1), take th
36、e specimen in accordance with the instructions in Clause 6 from a yarn which shows no visible signs of damage. For yarn from a package, it is recommended that the outer layers, which may be partially damaged, be first removed. Remove the specimen from the spool and fold it so that it can be placed o
37、n the balance (5.1.4) or in the weighing bottle (5.1.6) without difficulty. 8.3 Determination with desized specimen 8.3.1 General If a specimen holder (5.1.2) or weighing bottle is used to weigh the specimen, stabilize its mass by bringing it to the temperature used to dry the specimen. Allow it to
38、cool in the desiccator (5.1.7) until it reaches room temperature. Then proceed as described in 8.3.2, 8.3.3 or 8.3.4, depending on the type of yarn being examined. Take care to avoid any loss of material whenever handling the specimen. 8.3.2 Glass yarns or rovings Lay the specimen flat on a suitable
39、 support, and place the support in the muffle furnace (5.2.1) set at (625 20) C. Calcinate for ()10020+min, taking care that the specimen does not touch the muffle. Allow the specimen to cool in the desiccator. Weigh the specimen to the nearest 1 mg. BS EN ISO 1889:2009ISO 1889:2009(E) ISO 2009 All
40、rights reserved 58.3.3 Carbon yarns 8.3.3.1 Extraction method (ISO 10548:2002, method A) Extract for 2 h using a Soxhlet extractor and a solvent such as methylethylketone, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, dichloromethane or dichloroethane. Dry at (105 3) C for ()10090+min. Allow the specimen to cool in the
41、 desiccator. Weigh the specimen to the nearest 1 mg. 8.3.3.2 Pyrolysis method (ISO 10548:2002, method C) Pyrolyse in an oven at (450 5) C in a stream of nitrogen for ( )10015+min. Allow to cool in the desiccator. Weigh the specimen to the nearest 1 mg. 8.3.4 Aramid yarns Extract for 4 h using a Soxh
42、let extractor and a solvent such as dichloromethane. Dry at (105 3) C for ()10030+min. Allow to cool in the desiccator. Weigh the specimen to the nearest 1 mg. 8.4 Determination on a sized specimen The procedure described provides for the drying of glass-fibre or carbon-fibre specimens if the produc
43、t specification requires it (see the Note in 8.1). For aramid-fibre yarns, drying is not required. If the moisture content at the point where the specimen is taken is less than 0,2 %, proceed directly to weighing the specimen taken in 8.2. If it is necessary to dry the specimen for the determination
44、, place the specimen in the oven (5.1.3) at (105 3) C for ()10060+min, subsequently allowing it to cool in the desiccator until it reaches room temperature. Weigh the specimen to the nearest 1 mg. Take care to avoid any loss of material whenever handling the specimen. If a specimen holder or weighin
45、g bottle is used to weigh the specimen, allow its mass to stabilize at the oven temperature and then leave to cool in the desiccator until ambient temperature is reached. Then proceed to drying the specimen. BS EN ISO 1889:2009ISO 1889:2009(E) 6 ISO 2009 All rights reserved9 Expression of results 9.
46、1 If weighing was carried out with a specimen holder or weighing bottle, deduct its mass in order to obtain the mass of the specimen. 9.2 Calculate the linear density Tt, in grams per kilometre, using the equation 1000TtmL= where m is the mass, in grams, of the specimen; L is the length, in metres,
47、of the specimen. If more than one specimen was taken for the determination (see Clause 6), the results obtained for the various specimens in each determination shall be dealt with in accordance with the referring specification or as specified by the person ordering the determination. 10 Precision Th
48、e precision of this test method is not known because interlaboratory data are not available. 11 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) all details necessary for identification of the yarn examined; c) the specimen length
49、 and the number of specimens examined per elementary unit, together with details of their locations; d) details of the method, e.g.: 1) desized specimen, 2) dried sized specimen, 3) as-received sized specimen; e) the individual result of each determination and, depending on the case, the result for each specimen; f) details of any operation not specified in this International Standard, as well as of any incident liable to have had an effect on the results; g) the date of the test. BS EN ISO 1889:2009BS EN ISO1889
