1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 10776:2012Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Determination of waterpermeability characteristicsnormal to the plane, underload (ISO 10776:2012)BS EN ISO 10776:2
2、012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO10776:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/553, Geotextiles and geomembranes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to i
3、ts secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 66616 2ICS 59.080.70Compliance with a British Standard c
4、annot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10776 August 2012 ICS 59.
5、080.70 English Version Geotextiles and geotextile-related products - Determination of water permeability characteristics normal to the plane, under load (ISO 10776:2012) Gotextiles et produits apparents - Dtermination des caractristiques de permabilit leau, perpendiculairement au plan et sous contra
6、inte (ISO 10776:2012) Geotextilien und geotextilverwandte Produkte - Bestimmung der Wasserdurchlssigkeit normal zur Ebene unter Auflast (ISO 10776:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 August 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipu
7、late the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European S
8、tandard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the
9、national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
10、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reser
11、ved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10776:2012: EBS EN ISO 10776:2012EN ISO 10776:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 10776:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 221 “Geosynthetics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics” the sec
12、retariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. Attention is
13、drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the foll
14、owing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
15、Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10776:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10776:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved i
16、iiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope 12 Normative references . 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle . 15 Specimens . 15.1 Handling . 15.2 Selection 15.3 Number and dimensions . 25.4 Specimen conditions 26 Apparatus, water supply and measuring devices 26.1 Apparatus 26.2 Water supply, quality and con
17、dition . 66.3 Measuring devices 67 Procedure 68 Calculation and expression of results . 79 Test report . 8BS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prep
18、aring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
19、liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of
20、 technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is
21、drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 10776 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 221, Geosynthetics.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10
22、776:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10776:2012(E)Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Determination of water permeability characteristics normal to the plane, under load1 ScopeThis International Standard describes a method for determining the water permeability characteristics of geotextiles o
23、r geotextile-related products normal to the plane when subjected to specific normal compressive loads.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the lat
24、est edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2854, Statistical interpretation of data Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variancesISO 5813, Water quality Determination of dissolved oxygen Iodometric methodISO 9862, Geosynthetics Sampling and pre
25、paration of test specimensISO 10318, Geosynthetics Terms and definitions.ISO 10320, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Identification on site3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1flow velocity vN50/flow velocity normal to the
26、plane at a 50 mm water head under a compressive stress (2, 20 and 200 kPa)NOTE The flow velocity is expressed in metres per second.4 PrincipleThe flow of water normal to the plane of a geotextile or geotextile-related product is measured under a range of constant heads under a compressive stress of
27、2, 20 and 200 kPa.5 Specimens5.1 HandlingThe sample shall not be folded and shall be handled as infrequently as possible to avoid disturbance to its structure. The sample shall be kept in a flat position without any load.5.2 SelectionTake specimens from the sample according to ISO 9862. ISO 2012 All
28、 rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E)5.3 Number and dimensionsCut five test specimens from the sample, each of suitable dimensions for the water permeability apparatus to be used.Where it is necessary to determine the results to within a given confidence interval of the mean, deter
29、mine the number of test specimens in accordance with ISO 2854.5.4 Specimen conditionsThe specimens shall be clean, free from surface deposits and without visible damage or folding marks.6 Apparatus, water supply and measuring devices6.1 ApparatusThe apparatus shall be capable of allowing free water
30、flow through the specimen in a direction normal to its plane while confining it between two planes. An example of the apparatus is shown in Figure 1.The test apparatus shall consist of a cylindrical cell as follows,a) The apparatus shall be capable of installing a 50 mm head loss on the specimen and
31、 maintaining a constant head, for example, by adjusting the flow rate for the duration of each test with water on both sides of the specimen.b) The apparatus shall have an internal diameter of 95 mm 2 mm. The internal diameter shall have a tolerance of 0,1 mm. The diameter of the apparatus shall rem
32、ain identical on both sides of the specimen. Abrupt changes in diameter shall be avoided (see Figure 2).c) The upper and lower porous circular plates bounding the sample shall consist of metallic plates of diameter that is lower than or equal to 0,5 mm less than the nominal internal diameter of the
33、apparatus. The thickness of each plate shall be greater than or equal to 15 mm. The porous central area of the plate shall be perforated by a series of 2,5 mm 0,2 mm holes that are perpendicular to the face of the plate. The pattern of holes shall be uniformly distributed about the horizontal and ve
34、rtical diameter of the plate in accordance with Figure 3. The plates shall have markings that facilitate alignment of the holes The diameter of the specimen that is exposed to flow shall be greater than or equal to 85 % of the internal diameter of the apparatus.d) d) A loading mechanism shall be cap
35、able of sustaining a constant normal compressive stress on the specimen of 2, 20 and 200 kPa with a tolerance of 5 %. For the purpose of calculating the compressive stress, the area to be used shall be the gross area of the upper plate.The normal compressive stress shall be applied to the upper and
36、lower porous plates by a circular stainless steel ring of outer diameter 1 mm less than the internal diameter of the apparatus and a thickness lower than or equal to 2,5 mm. The height of the ring shall be greater than 25 mm. The transference of load from the loading mechanism to the loading ring ab
37、ove the porous plates shall not reduce the flow area of the apparatus by more than 1 000 mm2.e) The apparatus shall be capable of maintaining the proposed normal compressive stress on the specimen without deformations that could influence the test results.f) The apparatus shall be capable of prevent
38、ing flow at the edge of the specimen.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E)23567164Key1 Glass tube 5 Specimen location (see detail on Figure 1b)2 Loading device 6 Carrying plate for accommodation of dead weights3 Hydraulic head application device 7 Central plate4 Overflo
39、w Figure 1 Example of apparatus; schematic principle for the determination of the permeability characteristics under load ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E)24387651Key1 Glass tube 5 Lower perforated plate2 Central plate 6 Upper perforated plate3 Specimen 7 Loading de
40、vice4 O-ring 8 Hydraulic head application deviceFigure 2 Schematic drawing (not to scale) of central part of the cell with specimen4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E)Dimensions in millimetres243651114,40,52,52,2 2,2Key1 Ring notch2 Hole perforation3 Bearing4 Hole perf
41、oration5 Lower face of the top plate6 Upper face of the top plateFigure 3 Perforation pattern and upper and lower plate arrangement ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5BS EN ISO 10776:2012ISO 10776:2012(E)6.2 Water supply, quality and conditionThe water shall be at a temperature between 18 C and 22 C.Wate
42、r may not be fed into the apparatus directly from a mains supply due to problems caused by the release of air bubbles, which can be entrapped in the structure of the specimen. The water shall be de-aired or fed from a stilling tank. The water shall not be continuously recycled unless special measure
43、s are taken to avoid the accumulation of sediment or particles and that the water is continuously monitored to ensure the acceptability of the water quality.The oxygen content shall not exceed 10 mg/kg. The oxygen content shall be measured at the point at which the water enters the apparatus.The wat
44、er shall be filtered if suspended solids are visible to the naked eye or if solids accumulate on or in the specimen, thus reducing the flow with time.6.3 Measuring devices6.3.1 A dissolved-oxygen meter or apparatus conforming to ISO 5813.6.3.2 A stopwatch with an accuracy of 0.1 s.6.3.3 A thermomete
45、r with an accuracy of 0.2C.6.3.4 A measuring vessel for determining the volume of water which has a maximum permissible error lower than or equal to 20 ml. Alternatively, the volume may be determined by weighing with a balance having a maximum permissible error lower than or equal to 2 % of the meas
46、ured value.Where direct measurements of flow velocity are made, the gauge shall be calibrated to a maximum permissible error of 5 %.6.3.5 A measurement device to determine the 50 mm head loss with an accuracy of 3 %.7 Procedure7.1 Place the specimens under water containing a wetting agent (aryl alky
47、l sodium sulfonate at 0,1 % V/V content) at laboratory temperature, gently stir to remove air bubbles and leave to saturate for at least 12 h.7.2 Assemble the apparatus and ensure that all joints are watertight. The plates must be installed so that the holes in both plates are aligned.7.3 Place a se
48、ating stress of 2 kPa on the loading plates (without specimen) and fill the apparatus inlet reservoir with water to allow water to flow through the plates in order to remove air. Take all necessary precautions to avoid preferential flow paths along the boundaries of the specimen(s). If such flows ar
49、e observed, re-seal and re-seat the plates.7.4 Charge the apparatus with water until there is a 50 mm head loss across the plates. Shut off the water supply and, if the water heads do not equalize in the reservoirs on each side of the specimen(s) within 5 min., investigate the likelihood of any trapped air within the apparatus and repeat the procedure. If the water heads cannot be equalized within 5 min, this shall be noted in the test report.7.5 Adjust the flow to attain a 50 mm head loss or a head loss as cl
