1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58from antifouling paints Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calcul
2、ation of the release rateThe European Standard EN ISO 15181-2:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 87.040Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 15181-2:2007BS EN ISO 15181-2:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the S
3、tandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 September 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 55943 3Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentscontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National for
4、ewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 15181-2:2007. It supersedes BS EN ISO 15181-2:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/10, Test methods for paints.A list of organizations represented on this committee can b
5、e obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 15181-2June 2007ICS 87.040 Supersedes EN ISO 15181-2:2004 English VersionPaints and varnishes - Determination of release rate of
6、 biocidesfrom antifouling paints - Part 2: Determination of copper-ionconcentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate(ISO 15181-2:2007)Peintures et vernis - Dtermination du taux de lixiviationdes biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissures -Partie 2: Dtermination de la conce
7、ntration ionique ducuivre dans lextrait et calcul du taux de lixiviation (ISO15181-2:2007)Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung der Auswaschrate vonBioziden aus Antifouling-Beschichtungen - Teil 2:Bestimmung der Kupferionen-Konzentration im Extrakt undBerechnung der Auswaschrate (ISO 15181-2:2007)This Eu
8、ropean Standard was approved by CEN on 16 May 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conce
9、rning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own l
10、anguage and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, L
11、uxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rig
12、hts of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 15181-2:2007: EForeword This document (EN ISO 15181-2:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varnishes“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Pain
13、ts and varnishes“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by De
14、cember 2007. This document supersedes EN ISO 15181-2:2004. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
15、France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15181-2:2007 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15181
16、-2:2007 without any modifications. EN ISO 15181-2:2007Reference numberISO 15181-2:2007(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15181-2Second edition2007-06-01Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract an
17、d calculation of the release rate Peintures et vernis Dtermination du taux de lixiviation des biocides contenus dans les peintures antisalissures Partie 2: Dtermination de la concentration ionique du cuivre dans lextrait et calcul du taux de lixiviation EN ISO 15181-2:2007ii iiiContents Page Forewor
18、d iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Principle. 1 4 Supplementary information required for the copper extraction procedure . 2 5 Apparatus 2 6 Reagents and materials . 2 7 Test samples . 2 8 Procedure 3 9 Calculation and expression of results 4 10 Precision 7 11 Test report .
19、 7 Annex A (normative) Supplementary information required for the copper extraction procedure 9 Bibliography . 10 EN ISO 15181-2:2007iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing
20、International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaiso
21、n with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of tec
22、hnical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is dra
23、wn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15181-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test meth
24、ods for paints and varnishes. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15181-2:2000), which has been technically revised. ISO 15181 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints:
25、Part 1: General method for extraction of biocides Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate Part 3: Calculation of the zinc ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rate by determination of the concentration of ethylenethiourea in the e
26、xtract Part 4: Determination of pyridine-triphenylborane (PTPB) concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate Part 5: Calculation of the tolylfluanid and dichlofluanid release rate by determination of the concentration of dimethyltolylsulfamide (DMST) and dimethylphenylsulfamide (
27、DMSA) in the extract EN ISO 15181-2:2007vIntroduction By using standard conditions of temperature, salinity and pH at low biocide concentrations in the surrounding artificial seawater, a repeatable value of the release rate under the specified laboratory conditions can be determined using the method
28、 given in this part of ISO 15181, which can be used for quality assurance and material selection purposes. The actual release rate of biocides from antifouling paints on ships hulls into the environment will, however, depend on many factors, such as ship operating schedules, length of service, berth
29、ing conditions, paint condition, as well as the temperature, salinity, pH, pollutants and biological community in a particular area. The results of this test do not reflect environmental biocide release rates for antifouling products and are not suitable for direct use in the process of generating e
30、nvironmental-risk assessments, producing environmental-loading estimates or for establishing release rate limits for regulatory purposes. In comparison with copper and organotin release rates obtained either by direct or indirect measurements of the copper release rate from ships hulls and from meas
31、urements made on panels exposed in harbours, all available data indicate that the results obtained using this generic test method significantly overestimate the release rates of biocides under in-service conditions. Published results demonstrate that the results of this test method are generally hig
32、her than direct in situ measurements of copper and organotin release rates from in-service ship hulls by a factor of about 10 or more for several commercial antifouling coatings1, 2. A similar relationship is expected to be found for other biocides. Realistic estimates of the biocide release rate fr
33、om a ships hull under in-service conditions can only be obtained from this test method if this difference is taken into account. Where the results of this test method are used in the process of generating environmental-risk assessments, producing environmental-loading estimates or for regulatory pur
34、poses, it is most strongly recommended that the relationship between laboratory release rates and actual environmental inputs be taken into account to allow a more accurate estimate of the biocide release rate from antifouling coatings under real-life conditions to be obtained. This can be accomplis
35、hed through the application of appropriate correction factors2. EN ISO 15181-2:2007blank1Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 2: Determination of copper-ion concentration in the extract and calculation of the release rate 1 Scope This part of IS
36、O 15181 specifies the apparatus and analytical method for determining the amount of copper (based) biocide that has been released from an antifouling paint into artificial seawater in accordance with the procedure given in ISO 15181-1. It determines the copper-ion concentration and gives the final c
37、alculation for the release rate of copper under the specified laboratory conditions. This part of ISO 15181 is designed to generally allow the concurrent determination of copper ions and other biocides that might be released by a given antifouling paint through the analysis of separate sub-samples o
38、f an artificial seawater extract generated in accordance with the procedure given in ISO 15181-1, and analysed in accordance with the procedures given in other parts of this International Standard. When used in conjunction with ISO 15181-1, the practical limits on the quantitative measurement of rel
39、ease rates by this method are from 1,8 gcm2d1to 500 gcm2d1. The quantitative measurement of release rates below this range will require the use of an analytical method with a lower limit of quantitation for copper in artificial seawater than the limit specified in 5.1. 2 Normative references The fol
40、lowing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specificat
41、ion and test methods ISO 15181-1:2007, Paints and varnishes Determination of release rate of biocides from antifouling paints Part 1: General method for extraction of biocides ASTM D 6442-06, Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate from Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean
42、Water 3 Principle The concentration of the copper ions released into artificial seawater in accordance with the procedure given in ISO 15181-1 is determined by the use of an atomic absorption spectrometer or by an alternative analytical method, provided that it demonstrates a limit of quantitation f
43、or copper in artificial seawater of 10 g/l or less. The release rate of the biocide is then calculated as copper metal. EN ISO 15181-2:20072 4 Supplementary information required for the copper extraction procedure The items of supplementary information required to be able to use the general extracti
44、on procedure, described in ISO 15181-1, for copper-based biocides are given in Annex A. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Atomic absorption spectrometer, preferably with autosampler, or other suitable instrument, which has a limit of quantitation for copper in artificial seawater of 10 g/l or less. The limit of quant
45、itation shall be determined by the procedure given in Annex 2 (Determination of the LOQ for Copper in Substitute Ocean Water for the Analytical Method) of ASTM D 6442-06. 5.2 Mechanical shaker, with appropriate holders. 5.3 Dispensers, automatic or repeating, for reagents. 5.4 Pipettes, of appropria
46、te volume, with disposable tips. 5.5 Volumetric flasks, of appropriate volume. 5.6 Sample tubes, of appropriate capacity, with screw closures, made of an inert material. NOTE Polypropylene, polycarbonate and borosilicate glass have been found to be suitable. 6 Reagents and materials Suppliers materi
47、al safety data sheets should be consulted for details of any hazards associated with the reagents listed below, and the risks associated with their use should be assessed. Appropriate protective clothing and equipment should be utilized. Unless otherwise specified, use only reagents of recognized an
48、alytical grade. 6.1 Cleaning reagents. Use one of the following reagents for cleaning all the equipment: 6.1.1 Hydrochloric acid, concentrated aqueous solution, 37 % by mass. 6.1.2 Hydrochloric acid, aqueous solution, 10 % by volume. 6.2 Nitric acid, concentrated ( approximately 1,42 g/ml). 6.3 Arti
49、ficial seawater, as defined in ISO 15181-1. 6.4 Water, conforming to the requirements of grade 2 of ISO 3696. 7 Test samples Use extracts taken from the release rate measuring containers as described in ISO 15181-1. EN ISO 15181-2:200738 Procedure 8.1 General Carry out all determinations on the extract using the following method. An alternative method of analysis is allowed providing it has a limit of quantitation for copper ions in artificial seawater of 10 g/l or less, determined b
