1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 14915-3:2002 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces Part 3: Media selection and combination The European Standard EN ISO 14915-3:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.180; 35.200 BS EN ISO 14915-3:2002 This British Sta
2、ndard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 23 October 2002 BSI 19 February 2003 ISBN 0 580 40608 3 National foreword This British Standard is t
3、he official English language version of EN ISO 14915-3:2002. It is identical with ISO 14915-3:2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/9, Applied ergonomics, to Subcommittee PH/9/6, User system interfaces, which has the responsibility to: A list of organi
4、zations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Corre
5、spondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not
6、of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European development
7、s and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 46, the Annex ZA page and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document in
8、dicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 14359 Corrigendum No.1 19 February 2003 Replacing the EN ISO foreword page and incorporating the Annex ZA pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO149153 October2002 ICS13.180;35.200
9、Englishversion SoftwareergonomicsformultimediauserinterfacesPart3: Mediaselectionandcombination(ISO149153:2002) Ergonomiedeslogicielspourlesinterfacesutilisateur multimdiasPartie3:Slectionetcombinaisondes mdias(ISO149153:2002) SoftwareErgonomiefrMultimediaBenutzerschnittstellen Teil3:AuswahlundKombi
10、nationvonMedien(ISO14915 3:2002) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon10October2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencescon
11、cernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehas
12、thesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEU
13、ROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2002CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO149153:2002ECORRECTED20030205 Foreword Thisdocument(ISO149153:2002)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommi
14、tteeISO/TC159 “Ergonomics“incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC122“Ergonomics“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationof anidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyApril2003,andconflictingnational standardsshallbewith
15、drawnatthelatestbyApril2003. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands,Norway,P
16、ortugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextofISO149153:2002hasbeenapprovedbyCENasENISO149153:2002withoutany modifications. NOTENormativereferencestoInternationalStandardsarelistedinAnnexZA(normative). ENISO149153:2002 Reference number ISO 14915-3:2002(E)INTERNATION
17、AL STANDARD ISO 14915-3 First edition 2002-10-15 Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces Part 3: Media selection and combination Ergonomie des logiciels pour les interfaces utilisateur multimdias Partie 3: Slection et combinaison des mdias ENISO149153:2002IS-51941 O3:(2002E) DPlcsid Fremi
18、a ihTs PDF file mc yatnoaie nmt deddebyfepca.se Icca ncnadrow eitA hebods licsneilop gnic,y tihs file mirp eb yatniv ro deewb detu slahl ton ide ebtlnu desse tt ehyfepacse wihce era hml era deddebicsnede to i dnasntlalde t noeh comtupfrep remroign tide ehti.gn Iwod nnlidaogn tihs fil,e trapies cacpe
19、t tiereht nser ehsnopiiblity fo ton ifnriignA gnebods licnesilop gnic.y I ehTSO tneCarl Scerteirata ccatpes no ailbytili ni htis .aera Ai ebods a tedarmfo kra Aebod SystemI snctaropro.de teDials fo ts ehfotworp eracudts ust dec ortaet eihs PDF filc eeb na fi dnuot nlareneG eh Ifnler otait evt of ehi
20、l;e tP ehD-Fcrtaeiarap nomtesre wretpo eimizf deirp rotni.gn Evc yresah era t neebkat nesne ot erutah tf ehili es siutlbaf esu roI yb eSO memidob reb.se It neh lnuikleneve yt ttah a lborpem leratign ti ot is fnuo,d lpsaee ifnrom ttneC ehlar Secrteirata at tsserdda eh igleb nevwo. ISO 2002 Athgir lls
21、 serevr.de selnUs towrehise specfi,dei trap on fo this ilbupctanoi may cudorper ebtu ro deziliyna ni de fomr yb ro nam y,snae lecetinorc m roecinahcla, inclidutohp gncopoiym dna gnicrfoilm, wittuoh repmissii now nritif gnrmo eitI rehSO at tserdda ehs lebwo I roSOs membre doby it neh ctnuoo yrf ttseu
22、qer eh.re ISO cirypothg fofice saCe tsopale 65 eneG 1121-HC 02 av leT. 4 + 10 947 22 1 11 xaF0 947 22 14 + 9 74 E-mial coirypthgis.oc h Web ww.wiso.ch ii I SO 2002 Allr ithgsr esedevrENISO149153:2002iiIS-51941 O3:(2002E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword . v Introduction vi 1 S
23、cope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Application of this part of ISO 14915 6 4.1 Intended user groups 6 4.2 Applying the recommendations 6 4.3 Reporting conformance to this part of ISO 14915 . 6 5 General guidelines for media selection and combination 6 5.1 General . 6 5.2 Su
24、pporting user tasks 6 5.3 Supporting communication goals . 7 5.4 Ensuring compatibility with the users understanding. 7 5.5 Selecting media appropriate for the users characteristics7 5.6 Supporting users preferences 7 5.7 Considering the context of use . 7 5.8 Using redundancy for critical informati
25、on 8 5.9 Avoiding conflicting perceptual channels 8 5.10 Avoiding semantic conflicts. 8 5.11 Designing for simplicity 8 5.12 Combining media for different viewpoints . 8 5.13 Choosing media combinations to elaborate information . 8 5.14 Guarding against degradation . 9 5.15 Previewing media selectio
26、ns . 9 5.16 Using static media for important messages. 9 6 Media selection for information types 9 6.1 General . 9 6.2 Consider information types . 11 6.3 Consider multiple-information types 11 6.4 Selecting and combining media 11 6.4.1 Physical information. 11 6.4.2 Conceptual information 11 6.4.3
27、Descriptive information 11 6.4.4 Spatial information 11 6.4.5 Value information 12 6.4.6 Relationship information 12 6.4.7 Discrete action information 12 6.4.8 Continuous action information 12 6.4.9 Event information 12 6.4.10 State information. 12 6.4.11 Causal information 13 6.4.12 Procedural info
28、rmation. 13 7 Media integration. 13 7.1 General . 13 7.2 Design issues 13 7.3 Media integration guidelines 13 7.3.1 General . 13 ENISO149153:2002iiiIS-51941 O3:(2002E) vi I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr7.3.2 Advance organizers 14 7.3.3 Synchronized, related media 14 7.3.4 Separating audio content sour
29、ces 14 7.3.5 Avoiding interference in audio media . 14 7.3.6 Limiting speech interruptions in audio and language-based media . 14 7.3.7 Integrating non-realistic images with realistic images . 14 7.3.8 Use of captions with images 14 8 Directing users attention . 15 8.1 General . 15 8.2 Direct-contac
30、t points for key thematic links 15 8.3 Direct-contact points for linked components. 15 8.4 Indirect-contact points 16 8.5 Sequence of contact points to connect a thread of topics. 16 8.6 Guidelines for contact points between media pairs 16 8.6.1 General . 16 8.6.2 Source medium: realistic audio. 18
31、8.6.3 Source medium: non-realistic audio . 18 8.6.4 Source medium: speech. 19 8.6.5 Source medium: still image 20 8.6.6 Source medium: text. 21 8.6.7 Source medium: moving image. 22 Annex A (informative) Decision trees for classification of types. 23 Annex B (informative) Guidelines for media-combin
32、ation pairs 27 Annex C (informative) Examples of media-combination patterns . 37 Annex D (informative) Design issues and cognitive background . 39 Bibliography 42 ENISO149153:2002ivIS-51941 O3:(2002E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is
33、 a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represen
34、ted on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are dr
35、afted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International S
36、tandard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 14915 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14915-3
37、was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4, Ergonomics of human-system interaction. ISO 14915 consists of the following parts, under the general title Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces: Part 1: Design principles and framework Part 2: Multimedia nav
38、igation and control Part 3: Media selection and combination Annexes A to D of this part of ISO 14915 are for information only. ENISO149153:2002vIS-51941 O3:(2002E) iv I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevrIntroduction The design of user interfaces for multimedia applications typically involves a much wider r
39、ange of design and evaluation issues than that of conventional user interfaces based only in textual and graphical format. Many different techniques and design options are available. Multimedia user interfaces incorporate, integrate and synchronize different media (static media such as text, graphic
40、s, images, and dynamic media such as audio, animation, video or other sensory modalities). Within each medium, further distinctions can be made. Graphics, for instance, can be presented either in two- or three-dimensional format and audio can be further categorized according to the level of sound qu
41、ality or with respect to mono, stereo or surround sound. Ergonomic design enhances the ability of users to operate multimedia applications effectively, efficiently and with satisfaction (see ISO 9241-11). This can be achieved by careful design of multimedia applications with respect to the tasks the
42、y are intended to fulfil (e.g. for work, education or performance support), user characteristics and the environment in which the system will be used. Multimedia applications are often used for communicative purposes. An ergonomic design of multimedia user interfaces can also improve the safety of o
43、perating a system (e.g. delivering an alarm in both visual and auditory media). The range of media available and the interaction of these media have a variety of perceptual, cognitive and other ergonomic implications for the users of multimedia applications. Multimedia can potentially impose on user
44、s a high perceptual load, structural and semantic complexity, or a large volume of information to be conveyed through the system. Manipulation of data or information presented in multimedia applications is also often part of the users activity. This part of ISO 14915 provides guidance on the selecti
45、on, combination and integration of media. The focus is primarily on presentational aspects of multimedia (i.e. from system to user) as opposed to control and navigation issues, which are addressed in ISO 14915-2. This part of ISO 14915 starts from information requirements, which are stated in logica
46、l terms, and addresses the design issues concerning which media combinations to choose for the information requirements. This is followed by guidance on how the users reading/viewing sequence can be directed by design effects to ensure that the user acquires the desired information. Supplementary de
47、sign guidance for different media combinations and integration are presented in informative annexes A to D. ENISO149153:2002viINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS-51941 O3:(2002E)I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Software ergonomics for multimedia user interfaces Part 3: Media selection and combination 1 Scope Th
48、is part of ISO 14915 gives recommendations for, and guidance on, the design, selection and combination of interactive user interfaces that integrate and synchronize different media. It addresses user interfaces for applications that incorporate, integrate and synchronize different media. This includes static media such as text, graphics, images; and dynamic med
