1、BRITISH STANDARD BSENISO 6428:1999 Technical drawings Requirements for microcopying The European Standard ENISO6428:1999 has the status of a BritishStandard ICS 01.100.01; 37.080BSENISO6428:1999 This BritishStandard, having been prepared under the directionof the Engineering SectorCommittee, was pub
2、lishedunder the authority ofthe Standards Committee andcomes into effect on 15October1999 BSI04-2000 ISBN 0 580 35164 5 National foreword This BritishStandard is the English language version of ENISO6428:1999. Itis identical with ISO6428:1982. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to
3、 Technical Committee TDE/4, Engineering drawing, Metrology, Precision measurement and all related documentation, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for ch
4、ange, and keep the UKinterests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Stan
5、dards normally include an annex which lists normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications. The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under t
6、he section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, orby using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct applic
7、ation. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theENISOtitle page, page2, the ISO title page, pagesii toiv, pages1 and 2, an inside back cover and a back
8、 cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSENISO6428:1999 BSI 04-2000 i Contents Page National foreword Insi
9、de front cover Foreword 2 Foreword iii Text of ISO6428 1ii blankEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM ENISO6428 July1999 ICS 01.100.10; 37.080 English version Technical drawings Requirements for microcopying (ISO6428:1982) Dessins techniques Conditions requises pour la micrographie (ISO6
10、428:1982) Technische Zeichnungen Anforderungen fr die Mikroverfilmung (ISO6428:1982) This European Standard was approved by CEN on4 June1999. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nat
11、ional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in a
12、ny other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germa
13、ny, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1999 CEN Al
14、l rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwideforCENnational Members. Ref. No. ENISO6428:1999 EENISO6428:1999 BSI 04-2000 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC10 “Technical drawings, product definition and related documentation” o
15、f the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as an European Standard by CEN/CS. This European Standard shall be given the status ofa national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January2000, and conflicting nation
16、al standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
17、Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and theUnited Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO6428:1982 has been approved by CEN as a European Standard without any modification. NOTENormative references to Internatio
18、nal Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative).EN ISO6428:1999 ii BSI 04-2000 Contents Page Foreword iii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Requirements of execution 1 3.1 Drawing sheets 1 3.2 Density, thickness and spacing of lines 1 3.3 Areas 2 3.4 Markings 2 3.
19、5 Lettering 2 3.6 Pencil drawings 2 3.7 Erasure 2 3.8 Storage and handling 2 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publicationswiththeir relevant European publications Inside back cover Descriptors: Technical drawings, reproduction (copying), technical documents, micrographics,
20、generalities.EN ISO6428:1999 BSI 04-2000 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body
21、 interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical comm
22、ittees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. International Standard ISO6428 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC10, Technical drawings, and was circulated to the member bodies in February1981. It has been approv
23、ed by the member bodies of the following countries: The member bodies of the following countries expressed disapproval of the document on technical grounds: Australia France Switzerland USA Austria Hungary Poland Belgium India Romania Canada Italy South Africa, Rep. of China Japan Spain Czechoslovak
24、ia Korea, Rep. of Sweden Denmark Netherlands United Kingdom Egypt, Arab Rep. of New Zealand USSR Finland Norwayiv blankEN ISO6428:1999 BSI 04-2000 1 0 Introduction Microcopying procedures allow the information contained in original technical drawings and other drawing office documents to be reduced
25、to smaller sizes, thus facilitating transport, handling and storage. However, it should be noted that the possibility of obtaining serviceable enlargements from a microform depends above all on the good quality of the microform (see ISO3272-2) and this condition can be realized only if the original
26、document is prepared in accordance with appropriate rules. Usually, the original is a drawing or associated document prepared manually, by a typewriter or other means (plotter). It may also be a combination of these methods. The draughtsman already has at his disposal several International Standards
27、 (such as ISO128, ISO3098, ISO5457) containing general rules of execution which allow the establishment of documents for good reproduction. Nevertheless, for microcopying, these rules should be expanded. The purpose of this International Standard is to compile in one document the rules to be observe
28、d when executing original documents allowing for the establishment of microforms yielding legible enlargement copies. Due to the fact that the instructions of this International Standard are more extensive than those for other methods of reproduction, it follows that documents complying with the req
29、uirements for microcopying can also be reproduced without difficulty by any other reprographic system. 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies the requirements to be observed when executing original technical drawings and other drawing office documents which are to be
30、microcopied. These requirements will provide for high quality microforms with which legible enlargement copies can be made. However, the application of these rules is also very beneficial for other methods of reproduction and it is therefore recommended that all drawing office documents be executed
31、in accordance with this International Standard, thereby being available for microcopying at a future date. 2 References ISO128, Technical drawings General principles of presentation. ISO3098-1, Technical drawings Lettering Part1: Currently used characters. ISO3272, Microfilming of technical drawings
32、 and other drawing office documents Part1: Operating procedures 1) ; Part2: Quality criteria and control; Part3: Unitized 35mm microfilm carriers. ISO5457, Technical drawings Sizes and layout of drawing sheets. 3 Requirements of execution 3.1 Drawing sheets 3.1.1 Blanks or pre-printed sheets for dra
33、wings or other documents may be transparent, translucid oropaque, but shall preferably be matt on the face used for drafting and/or lettering. Their quality shall be chosen in view of obtaining the best possible contrast between background and lines (see3.2.1). NOTEDue to its good qualities relating
34、 to dimensional stability, durability, erasability and draftability, polyester drafting film (minimum thickness764m) is superior to paper. 3.1.2 The sizes to be used shall comply with those specified in ISO5457. 3.1.3 If adhesive overlays are to be used on the original document, consideration shall
35、be given to the effects of dust accumulation and ageing as these defects may be reflected in the microcopying process. 3.1.4 Edge binding is not recommended, unless unshrinkable adhesive tape is used. 3.2 Density, thickness and spacing of lines 3.2.1 All lines used on the original document for execu
36、ting representations, symbols, lettering, etc. including those added in any revision, shall have a matt finish and consistent density. It is recommended that lines have a minimum contrast value of0,7 relative to the sheet background 2) . NOTE 1It is recommended that equipment and materials be select
37、ed to comply with these requirements and that as an aid the draughtsman be provided with a transparent reference chart of neutral grey tones. NOTE 2The best quality of reproduction will be obtained by executing original drawings with drawing ink on polyester film. Drawing with polymer pencil on film
38、 may also provide a good quality of reproduction. 3.2.2 Thicknesses of line are specified in ISO128 and ISO3098-1. 1) At present at the stage of draft. 2) Contrast is the difference between the optical density of a line and that of the sheet. Optical density is the logarithm to base10 of the recipro
39、cal of the factor of light transmission.EN ISO6428:1999 2 BSI 04-2000 In order to allow for microforms originating from size A0 or A1 documents to be enlarged for reproduction to a size smaller than that of the original document, it is recommended to use for any A0 and A1 size document a minimum thi
40、ckness of line of0,35mm. 3.2.3 The space between parallel lines shall be not less than twice the thickness of the heaviest of these lines, with a minimum value of0,7mm. 3.3 Areas Blacking of large areas shall be avoided. If needed, they shall be hatched or dotted. Thin sections (such as for structur
41、al profiles or thin objects) may be blackened, provided their largest width, as depicted on the original representation, is not more than3mm. In all cases, the spaces around such sections shall be not less than0,7mm. 3.4 Markings All markings figuring on the drawing shall comply with the specificati
42、ons of ISO5457. In particular, it is required that a metric reference graduation be added to allow for determining the scale of the enlarged reproduction. 3.5 Lettering 3.5.1 All lettering used on original documents shall comply with the specifications of ISO3098-1. 3.5.2 The choice of the height of
43、 lettering should take into account the possibility that the subsequent enlargement of a microform may be established at one or two sizes smaller than the size of the original document. Therefore, it is recommended that dependent on the original size the minimum heights of lettering as shown in the
44、following table, be observed. 3.5.3 The distances between characters and spacing lines (such as in lists and tables) or reference lines shall be not less than2mm. 3.5.4 When mechanical means for lettering are used (such as typewriters, plotters, etc.), the density shall, as much as possible, be the
45、same as that of the other lines on the document. Moreover, it is recommended that the type of lettering and its dimensions be similar to those of ISO3098-1. Clarity of character image can be achieved by using only capital letters and using one-time printing ribbons. NOTETyping on polyester material
46、requires a special total transfer ribbon which has low reflection and a high density. 3.6 Pencil drawings Pencil drawings are not desirable for microcopying but if, nevertheless, it is necessary to use this method, the following precautions shall be taken. 3.6.1 Pencil drawings shall be made with in
47、struments and materials which provide adequate contrast (see3.2.1). 3.6.2 The pencil leads selected shall produce matt finish and even density lines. In this respect, polymer type pencil leads are superior to graphite. 3.6.3 Drawing boards shall be provided with a hard and flat underlay to reduce im
48、print due to pencil pressure. 3.6.4 Pencil drawings shall be handled as little as possible. Smudging may be prevented by a non-toxic fixative but this may also create problems of erasure. 3.6.5 The simultaneous use of ink and pencil on the same drawing is not recommended. 3.7 Erasure When erasure is
49、 necessary, care shall be taken to ensure that the drawing surface is impaired as little as possible. Should polymer drawing materials suffer such damage, proprietary surface restorers are available. 3.8 Storage and handling 3.8.1 For storage, original documents shall be laid flat or be suspended. 3.8.2 Original documents shall not be folded. 3.8.3 Original documents may be rolled, but exclusively for temporary transit. In such a case, they shall be wrapped and retained round a tube ofnot less than75mm diameter (this value may be reduced for polyeste
