1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 10816-8:2014Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machinevibration by measurements onnon-rotating partsPart 8: Reciprocating compressor systemsBS ISO 10816-8:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 10816-8:2014.The UK p
2、articipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/5, Mechanical vibration, shock and conditionmonitoring - Vibration of machines.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all
3、the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 79165 9ICS 17.160Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard
4、 was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 10816-8:2014 ISO 2014Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 8: Reciprocating comp
5、ressor systemsVibrations mcaniques valuation des vibrations des machines par mesurages sur les parties non tournantes Partie 8: Systmes de compresseurs alternatifsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO10816-8First edition2014-07-01Reference numberISO 10816-8:2014(E)BS ISO 10816-8:2014ISO 10816-8:2014(E)ii ISO 20
6、14 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, wi
7、thout prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in Swit
8、zerlandBS ISO 10816-8:2014ISO 10816-8:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Measurements . 24.1 Measurement procedure 24.2 Measuring instrumentation and measured quantities . 34.3 Locations and di
9、rection of measurements 34.4 Operating conditions . 94.5 Record of measured results . 95 Vibration criteria . 95.1 Measuring quantities . 95.2 Evaluation zones 95.3 Guidance values for acceptable overall vibration values (2 Hz to 1 000 Hz) .10Annex A (normative) Measurement information requirements
10、13Annex B (normative) Curves with overall limits of vibration velocity values 16Annex C (informative) Measurement of vibration values on the crosshead guide 22Annex D (informative) Root-mean-square value, peak value, and crest factor .25Bibliography .27BS ISO 10816-8:2014ISO 10816-8:2014(E)ForewordI
11、SO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical c
12、ommittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electr
13、otechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was dra
14、fted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent ri
15、ghts. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not consti
16、tute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe comm
17、ittee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommittee SC 2, Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shock as applied to machines, vehicles and structures in collaboration with ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools,
18、machines and equipment.ISO 10816 consists of the following parts, under the general title Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts: Part 1: General guidelines Part 2: Land-based steam turbines and generators in excess of 50 MW with normal operating s
19、peeds of 1500 r/min, 1800 r/min, 3000 r/min and 3600 r/min Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ Part 4: Gas turbine sets with fluid-film bearings Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and p
20、umping plants Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 kW Part 7: Rotodynamic pumps for industrial applications, including measurements on rotating shafts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearboxiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS
21、ISO 10816-8:2014ISO 10816-8:2014(E)IntroductionISO 10816-1 gives general guidelines for the evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts. This part of ISO 10816, however, establishes special procedures and guidelines for the measurement and classification of mechanical vibra
22、tion of reciprocating compressors. In general, it refers to vibration of the main structure of the compressor, including the foundation, pulsation dampers, and attached pipe system. The guidance values given for these vibrations are defined primarily to classify the vibration and to avoid problems w
23、ith auxiliary equipment mounted on these structures. Recommendations for measurements and evaluation criteria are provided in this part of ISO 10816.Typical features of reciprocating compressors are the oscillating masses, the cyclically varying torques, cylinder stretch and the pulsating forces in
24、the cylinders, pulsation dampers, and the pipe system. All these features cause alternating loads on the main supports and vibration of the compressor system. The vibration values of reciprocating compressor systems are generally larger than for rotating compressors but, since they are largely deter
25、mined by the design features of the compressor, they tend to remain more constant over the life of the system than for rotating machinery.In the case of reciprocating compressor systems, the vibration measured on the main structure of the compressor (including the foundation, pulsation dampers and p
26、iping) and quantified according to this part of ISO 10816 can only give a rough idea of the vibratory states of the components within the machine itself.The damage, which can occur when exceeding the guidance values based on experience with similar compressor systems, is sustained predominantly by m
27、achine-mounted components (e.g. instrumentation, heat exchangers, filters, pumps), connecting elements of the compressor with its peripheral parts (e.g. pipelines) or monitoring instruments (e.g. pressure gauges, thermometers). The question as above which vibration values damage is to be expected la
28、rgely depends on the design of these components and their fastenings. In some cases, special measurements on certain compressor system components can be required to ascertain that the vibration values do not cause damage. It also happens that even if measured values are within the guidance values of
29、 this part of ISO 10816, problems can occur owing to the great variety of components which can be attached.Local vibration problems as described above can be, and have to be, rectified by specific “local measures” (e.g. by elimination of resonances). Experience has shown, however, that it is possibl
30、e in the majority of cases to state measurable quantities characterizing the vibratory state and to give guidance values for these. This shows that the measurable variables and the guidance values for acceptable vibration in most cases permit a reliable evaluation.If the measured vibration values as
31、 given in this part of ISO 10816 do not exceed the guidance values, abnormal wear of internal compressor components caused by vibration is unlikely to occur.The vibration values of reciprocating compressor systems are not only affected by the properties of the compressor itself but also to a large d
32、egree by the foundation. Since a reciprocating compressor can act as a vibration generator, vibration isolation between the compressor and its foundation can be necessary. The vibration response of the foundation and the vibration from adjacent equipment can have considerable effect on the vibration
33、 of the compressor system. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 10816-8:2014BS ISO 10816-8:2014Mechanical vibration Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts Part 8: Reciprocating compressor systems1 ScopeThis part of ISO 10816 establishes procedures and guidelines for th
34、e measurement and classification of mechanical vibration of reciprocating compressor systems. The vibration values are defined primarily to classify the vibration of the compressor system and to avoid fatigue problems with parts in the reciprocating compressor system, i.e. foundation, compressor, da
35、mpers, piping, and auxiliary equipment mounted on the compressor system.This part of ISO 10816 applies to reciprocating compressors mounted on rigid foundations with typical rotational speed ratings in the range 120 r/min up to and including 1 800 r/min. The general evaluation criteria which are pre
36、sented relate to operational measurements. The criteria are also used to ensure that machine vibration does not adversely affect the equipment directly mounted on the machine, e.g. pulsation dampers and the pipe system.NOTE The general guidelines presented in this part of ISO 10816 can also be appli
37、ed to reciprocating compressors outside the specified speed range but different evaluation criteria might be appropriate in this case.The machinery driving the reciprocating compressor, however, is evaluated in accordance with the appropriate part of ISO 10816 or other relevant standards and classif
38、ication for the intended duty. Drivers are not included in this part of ISO 10816.It is recognized that the evaluation criteria might only have limited application when considering the effects of internal machine components, e.g. problems associated with valves, pistons, and piston rings might be un
39、likely to be detected in the measurements. Identification of such problems can require investigative diagnostic techniques which are outside the scope of this part of ISO 10816.Examples of reciprocating compressor systems covered by this part of ISO 10816 are horizontal, vertical, V-, W-, and L-type
40、 compressor systems, constant and variable speed compressors, compressors driven by electric motors, gas, and diesel engines, steam turbines, with or without a gearbox, flexible or rigid coupling, and dry running and lubricated reciprocating compressors.This part of ISO 10816 does not apply to hyper
41、 compressors.The guidelines are not intended for condition monitoring purposes. Noise is also outside the scope of this part of ISO 10816.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dat
42、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10816-8:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 10816-8:2014ISO 10816-8:2014(E)ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock
43、 and condition monitoring Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply.3.1compressor systemmachinery system comprising foundation, compressor (crankcase, crosshead guide, cylinders), pulsation dampers, and pip
44、ing3.2overall vibration valuesingle numeric representation of a feature or aggregate of features derived from a raw or processed time waveform or frequency spectrum of a vibration signal and often accompanied by descriptive text or indicators to specify methods used in its derivationNote 1 to entry:
45、 The overall vibration value is measured in the frequency range from 2 Hz to 1 000 Hz.3.3corner frequencyfrequency used to convert the vibration displacement to vibration velocity and vibration velocity to vibration acceleration for a sinusoidal signalNote 1 to entry: The corner frequencies are 10 H
46、z and 200 Hz, respectively.3.4vendormanufacturer or manufacturers agent who supplies the compressor system3.5purchaseragency that issues the order and specification to the vendor4 Measurements4.1 Measurement procedureThe primary measurement quantity shall be overall root-mean-square (r.m.s) vibratio
47、n velocity in mm/s.If frequencies below the corner frequency of 10 Hz are expected or observed, it is recommended additionally to measure the overall r.m.s vibration displacement in mm (it is also common to display displacement in micrometres where 1 m = 103mm).If frequencies above the corner freque
48、ncy of 200 Hz are expected or observed, it is recommended additionally to measure the overall r.m.s vibration acceleration in m/s2(it is still common, but not recommended, to display acceleration in units of g where g = 9,81 m/s2).NOTE The relationship between displacement, velocity, and acceleratio
49、n is given in B.1.Consequently, and in accordance with ISO 10816-1, acceptance criteria based on velocity take the general form of Figures B.1 to B.10. These figures indicate the corner frequencies of 10 Hz and 200 Hz and show that below and above these corner frequencies, the guidance vibration velocity is a function of vibration frequency.All values shall be within the values for acceptable overall vibration as summarized in 5.3.Spectral data should be retrieved for each of the measured quantities if they exceed the vibration values o
