1、BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 15665:2003Acoustics Acoustic insulation for pipes, valves and flangesICS 17.140.20; 91.120.20g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g
2、43g55g3g47g36g58Incorporating corrigendum March 2004National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15665:2003, incorporating corrigendum March 2004.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcommittee EH/1/4, Machinery
3、noise.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immun
4、ity from legal obligations.BS ISO 15665:2003This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 2 September 2003 BSI 2009Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 31 August 2009 Implementation of ISO corrigendum March 2004, page
5、 8, explanation of the symbol Lv replacedISBN 978 0 580 68983 3Reference numberISO 15665:2003(E)OSI 3002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO15665First edition2003-08-15Acoustics Acoustic insulation for pipes, valves and flanges Acoustique Isolation acoustique des tuyaux, clapets et brides IS:56651 O3002(E) DP
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11、ormative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Classes of acoustic insulation 2 5 Guide to the reduction of noise from pipes . 6 5.1 Required insertion loss: Design phase steps 6 5.2 Required insertion loss: Operating plants . 7 5.3 Length of acoustic insulation 8 5.4 Implications for piping d
12、esign. 9 5.5 Derivation of overall noise reduction 10 5.6 Typical noise reduction values 12 6 Construction of typical acoustic insulation systems 13 6.1 General. 13 6.2 Cladding. 13 6.3 Porous layer 14 6.4 Support of the cladding 15 7 Installation . 15 7.1 General. 15 7.2 Extent of insulation. 15 7.
13、3 End caps 15 7.4 Acoustic enclosures . 16 7.5 Prevention of mechanical damage 16 8 Combined thermal and acoustic insulation . 16 8.1 General. 16 8.2 Hot services. 16 8.3 Cold services. 16 9 Acoustic insulation constructions that meet the insulation class requirements 17 9.1 General. 17 9.2 Material
14、s. 18 9.3 Vibration isolation material at pipe supports. 18 10 Testing of acoustic insulation systems 18 10.1 General. 18 10.2 Measurement method: Reverberation room 19 10.3 Test facility 19 10.4 Test specimen . 21 10.5 Measurements . 21 10.6 Results . 22 10.7 Information to be reported . 22 Annex A
15、 (informative) Equations for the calculation of the minimum required insertion loss DW,min of the insulation classes 24 Annex B (informative) General construction of acoustic insulation. 25 Annex C (informative) Examples of typical construction details 26 Bibliography . 36 BS ISO 15665:2003IS:56651
16、O3002(E) iv I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member b
17、ody interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electro
18、technical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
19、by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent r
20、ights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15665 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. BS ISO 15665:2003INTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:56651 O3002(E)I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 1Acoustics Acoustic insulation
21、for pipes, valves and flanges 1 Scope This International Standard defines the acoustic performance of three classes (Classes A, B and C) of pipe insulation. It also specifies three types of construction that will meet these acoustic performance classes. Furthermore, this International Standard defin
22、es a standardized test method for measuring the acoustic performance of any type of construction, thereby allowing existing and new insulation constructions to be rated against the three classes. This International Standard is applicable to the acoustic insulation of cylindrical steel pipes and to t
23、heir piping components. It is valid for pipes up to 1 m in diameter and a minimum wall thickness of 4,2 mm for diameters below 300 mm, and 6,3 mm for diameters from 300 mm and above. It is not applicable to the acoustic insulation of rectangular ducting and vessels or machinery. This International S
24、tandard covers both design and installation aspects of acoustic insulation and provides guidance to assist noise control engineers in determining the required class and extent of insulation needed for a particular application. It gives typical examples of construction methods, but the examples are f
25、or information only and not meant to be prescriptive. This International Standard emphasises the aspects of acoustic insulation that are different from those of thermal insulation, serving to guide both the installer and the noise control engineer. Details of thermal insulation are beyond the scope
26、of this International Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) app
27、lies. ISO 354, Acoustics Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room ISO 3741:1999, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure Precision methods for reverberation rooms ISO 3744, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using
28、 sound pressure Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 piping cylindrical pipes and fittings such as valves, flanges, bellows and supports BS ISO 15665:2003IS:56
29、651 O3002(E) 2 I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr3.2 acoustic insulation acoustic lagging outer cover applied with the aim of reducing the noise radiated from the pipe NOTE Acoustic insulation typically consists of a sound-absorbing and/or resilient material (“porous layer”) on the piping and an impermea
30、ble outer cover (“cladding”). 3.3 airflow resistivity pressure drop per unit thickness of a porous material encountered by a steady air flow of unit velocity through the material NOTE 1 Airflow resistivity equals the pressure drop divided by the product of the air velocity and the thickness of the s
31、ample. NOTE 2 The unit of airflow resistivity is Ns/m4= Pas/m2. NOTE 3 Procedures for determining the flow resistivity are described in ISO 9053. 3.4 insertion loss sound power insulation DWfor any octave or one-third-octave band, the difference, in decibels, in the sound power level radiated from a
32、 noise source before and after the application of the acoustic insulation NOTE See Note to 3.5. 3.5 sound pressure insulation Dp for any octave or one-third-octave band, the difference, in decibels, in the sound pressure level, at a specified position relative to the noise source, before and after t
33、he application of the acoustic insulation NOTE For noise sources located indoors, especially for laboratory measurements, the determination of sound power insulation DWis most appropriate. DWcan be determined in a reverberation room or with sound intensity measurements. For piping outdoors in field
34、situations, the determination of sound pressure insulation Dpis a less accurate but more practical approach. The sound pressure measurement positions should be selected in relation to the design goal of the acoustic insulation, which will in general be in a circle around the piping. It is preferable
35、 to use a measurement distance of 1 m from the pipe surface, or 2,5 times the pipe diameter for pipes less than 0,33 m in diameter, to minimize near field measurement effects. The measurement position should be the same with and without the acoustic insulation. If the radiation patterns of both the
36、untreated and acoustical insulated piping are “cylindrical omni-directional”, the two measures (DWand Dp) yield the same result. 4 Classes of acoustic insulation This clause defines three classes of acoustic insulation, denoted Classes A, B and C, in terms of requirements for minimum insertion loss.
37、 The minimum insertion loss is specified in Table 1 and illustrated in Figures 1 to 3. Equations for the approximate calculations of the required insertion loss (within 0,5 dB) are presented in Annex A. The insertion loss of acoustic insulation is related to the diameter of the pipe on which it is a
38、pplied. The pipe diameters are divided into three pipe size groups and the insulation class will consist of a letter/number combination indicating the diameter on which the insulation is applied. BS ISO 15665:2003IS:56651 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 3The pipe sizes used are: less than 300
39、 mm outside diameter; greater than or equal to 300 mm diameter but less than 650 mm; greater than or equal to 650 mm diameter but less than 1 000 mm. Table 1 Minimum insertion loss required for each class Octave band centre frequency, Hz 125 250 500 1 000 2 000 4 000 8 000 Class Range of nominal dia
40、meter D mm Minimum insertion loss, dB A1 D r), in metres; S0= 1 m2; D is the outside diameter of the pipe, in metres; r is the distance from the pipe axis, in metres, preferably r = (1 + D), which is 1 m from pipe wall; (,)pL xr surface sound pressure level, in decibels, obtained by averaging over a
41、 specified measurement surface at a distance r from the axis of the pipe, at a distance x from the noise source, measured along the pipe in free-field condition. BS ISO 15665:2003IS:56651 O3002(E) I SO 3002 All irhgts seredevr 7NOTE The preferred value for x is 1 m; where attenuation along the pipe
42、is considered negligible, larger values of x may also be used. If the pipe is long and cannot be measured over its entire length, it may be worth estimating the sound pressure level by measuring the sound pressure level near the source and taking the noise attenuation along the pipe into account. Th
43、is is expressed by the following formula (see reference 8): ( ) ( ),1,/dBppLxr L r xD= (2) where Lp(1,r) is the sound pressure level at a distance of 1 m away from the noise source, at the same distance r from pipe axis as in Lp(x,r); is the attenuation factor, in decibels. The value of can be 0,06
44、dB for pipes carrying gas or vapour (attenuation of 3 dB for every 50 pipe diameters) and 0,017 for liquid (attenuation of 3 dB for every 175 pipe diameters), based on practical experience. If, for a particular application, evidence is available that the value for is different, this value shall be u
45、sed. The length of pipe should exceed (3D/) before attenuation is taken into account. On the basis of Equation (2), the sound power level LWof a long length of pipe can be shown to be: ()()01, 10 lg dB 14,4 dBWprDLs L rS = + +(3) where is the numerical value of the attenuation factor. NOTE 1 The com
46、plete equation for the relation between LW(s) and Lp(1,r) is: () ( )()0,1 /021, 10 lg dB 10 lg 1 10 dB0,1 In 10sDWprDLs L rS=+ +(4) It can be shown that Equation (4) will develop into Equation (1) for small values of (/)s D and into Equation (3) for very long pipes. NOTE 2 The errors involved in app
47、lying Equation (1) for pipes longer than (3D/) and in applying Equation (3) for shorter pipes is less than 3 dB. NOTE 3 Noise from piping can be transmitted by the fluid or by the pipe wall or both. The acoustic insulation systems are effective for both. The propagation of noise by the pipe wall is
48、difficult to predict. 5.1.4 Contribution to noise in reverberant spaces or environmental noise The contribution of the pipe to the noise in the reverberant space is calculated from its sound power level and should be added to the contributions from other sources. For environmental noise, the contrib
49、ution of the pipe to the total sound power level of the plant, or to the sound pressure level at the neighbourhood point, should be calculated. 5.2 Required insertion loss: Operating plants In operating plants, the assessment of pipe noise may be based on measurements. Where the pipe noise is significantly higher than the background noise, it may be measured directly as sound pressure levels. Again, piping upstream and downstream of the source shall be considered separately. BS ISO 15665:2003IS:5
