1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 16857:2013Ships and marine technology Loose gear of liftingappliances on ships ShacklesCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,
2、-BS ISO 16857:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16857:2013.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee SME/32/-/4, Ships and marine technology - Outfitting anddeck machinery.A list of organizations represented
3、on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 75010 6I
4、CS 47.020.40; 47.020.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedCopyright British Stan
5、dards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013 ISO 2013Ships and marine technology Loose gear of lifting appliances on ships ShacklesNavires et technologie maritime Acce
6、ssoires mobiles des appareils de levage sur les navires ManillesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO16857First edition2013-12-15Reference numberISO 16857:2013(E)Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitt
7、ed without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)ii ISO 2013 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2013All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechan
8、ical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11F
9、ax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E) I
10、SO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Types and basic parameters . 14.1 Dee shackles 14.2 Bow shackles 14.3 Pins of shackles . 14.4 Pinholes of shackles 14.5 Designation method of models . 15 Technical requirements 25.1
11、 Materials . 25.2 Forging and heat treatment . 35.3 Surface and internal quality of shackles . 35.4 Test 35.5 Inspection 45.6 Other requirements 46 Marking 47 Storage and transportation . 48 Use and maintenance . 5Annex A (informative) Types and basic parameters of shackles 6Copyright British Standa
12、rds Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national stand
13、ards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International orga
14、nizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its
15、further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/dire
16、ctives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
17、 Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related
18、 to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 4, Ou
19、tfitting and deck machinery.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16857:2013(E)Sh
20、ips and marine technology Loose gear of lifting appliances on ships Shackles1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the types and basic parameters, technical requirements, marking, storage, and transportation, use and maintenance of shackles, loose gear of lifting appliances on ships.This Inter
21、national Standard is applicable to lifting appliances on ships.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
22、latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 261, ISO general purpose metric screw threads General planISO 2415, Forged shackles for general lifting purposes Dee shackles and bow shacklesISO 16855, Ships and marine technology Loose gear of lifting appliances on sh
23、ips General requirements3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2415 and ISO 16855 apply.4 Types and basic parameters4.1 Dee shacklesFor the shapes and dimensions of Dee shackles, see A.1.4.2 Bow shacklesFor the shapes and dimensions of Bow sh
24、ackles, see A.2.4.3 Pins of shacklesFor the types of pins of shackles (Type W, Type X, and Type Y), see A.3.4.4 Pinholes of shacklesFor the diameters of pinholes of shackles, see A.4.4.5 Designation method of modelsThe model of shackles shall be designated as follows: ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1C
25、opyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)Figure 1 ExampleEXAMPLE 1 Dee shackles with Type W pins and 20 t SWL:Shackle ISO 1685
26、7 S-DW20EXAMPLE 2 Bow shackles with Type X pins and 10 t SWL:Shackle ISO 16857 S-BX205 Technical requirements5.1 Materials5.1.1 Shackle materials shall use solid steel manufactured by Martin furnaces, electric furnaces, or oxygen top blown converters; it is recommended to use the electroslag remelti
27、ng process.5.1.2 For the chemical composition of shackle materials, see Table 1. Other materials can be used (see 5.6).Table 1 Chemical composition of shackle materialsMaterialsChemical composition (heat analysis) %C Si Mn P S Cr AlCarbon steel 0,170,24 0,170,35 0,450,80 0,035 0,035 0,030 0,025Carbo
28、n-manganese steel0,170,24 0,200,35 1,201,50 0,035 0,035 0,030 0,0255.1.3 For the mechanical properties of shackle materials, see Table 2. Other mechanical properties can be used (see 5.6).2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - U
29、ncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)Table 2 Mechanical properties of shackle materialsMaterialsMechanical propertiesTensile strength RmMPaYield point ReHMPaElongation A %Impact energy AKJDiameters or th
30、icknesses of steel mm100 16 16 40 4060 50 100 60Carbon steel 402490 255 245 235 22 48Carbon-man-ganese steel510608 353 343 333 22 41NOTE 1 The values listed in the table refer to mechanical properties at normal temperature.NOTE 2 For diameters or thicknesses 60 mm, the impact energy and yield point
31、under strain aging conditions are determined by the supplier and purchaser based on demand.NOTE 3 If materials have no obvious yield points, the yield point ReHshall be the yield strength RP0,2.5.1.4 When the design temperature of lifting appliances on ships is below 10C, the impact energy test temp
32、erature of shackle materials shall satisfy the requirements of related certification organizations, such as classification societies.5.2 Forging and heat treatment5.2.1 Shackle bodies need to be forged with seamless solid blanks, and two pinholes shall be coaxial and concentric with two outsides of
33、eyes; pins shall be cut from bars, and machined after forging.5.2.2 Heat treatment shall be made after shackle forging to achieve the properties specified in 5.1, with no more than three times of heat treatment.5.3 Surface and internal quality of shackles5.3.1 The surface of shackles shall be smooth
34、 and clean, without any defect such as burrs, cracks, folding, and burning.5.3.2 Defects in shackles cannot be rewelded.5.3.3 Shoulders or heads of pins (Type W and Type Y) after assembly shall fit into the bodies. When thread pins are screwed up, visible residual threads between dimensions of shack
35、les (W) shall not be more than 1 pitch. After the correct assembly of pins, in no case shall the inner width (W) of the bodies be obviously reduced.5.3.4 Threads shall meet the requirements of ISO 261, and the fit accuracy of threads is 6g/6H.5.4 Test5.4.1 Each shackle shall be proof-tested, with te
36、st loads given in Table 3. Proof load shall be applied to each shackle with a testing machine or test weight for a duration of not less than 5 min. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 3Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reprod
37、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)Table 3 Proof load for shacklesSafe working load (SWL) kNProof load (PL) kN245 2 SWL245 1,22 SWL + 1965.4.2 After proof testing, each shackle shall be thoroughly examined for deformation, cracks, or other d
38、efects and to ensure that its rotating parts can rotate freely. Increment of the body length (S) or length increment measured from the mark between the crown and pin shall not exceed 0,25 % thereof or 0,5mm, whichever is greater.5.4.3 When shackles of various specifications are manufactured for the
39、first time or upon the request of related organizations, such as classification societies, static strength tests shall be carried out for shackles, the ultimate strength load during the test is four times the safe working load. After 5 min of the static strength test, shackles shall not break or def
40、orm to the extent that they lose the bearing capacity.5.5 Inspection5.5.1 Inspection shall be made after the production of shackles, to ensure that surface and internal quality satisfies the requirements in 5.3 and the requirements in 5.4.2 after the test.5.5.2 For shackles that pass the test, the m
41、anufacturer shall provide technical documents such as certifications.5.6 Other requirementsFor other shackles (type or SWL, materials), strength shall be calculated during the design and the result should meet the test requirements in 5.4.3. Commercially available forged shackles that meet industry
42、standards in terms of SWL, design factor, forging reduction, heat treatment, bolt threading, testing, and inspection are acceptable as agreed upon by the supplier and the purchaser.6 Marking6.1 Marking of shackles shall be permanently distinct with the following items:a) safe working load, in t;b) t
43、est date;c) shackle number;d) manufacturers stamp or the stamp of test unit.6.2 Marks shall be stamped at the shackle bodies near the pinholes to facilitate check.6.3 For the shackles of small size, should the place where marking is restricted, the marks of number and date can be eliminated.7 Storag
44、e and transportation7.1 During storage, the machined surfaces of shackles that pass the test shall be painted with anti-rust oil, and their non-machined surfaces shall be painted with anti-rust paint.4 ISO 2013 All rights reservedCopyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license
45、with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)7.2 Secure package shall be made for shackles to prevent collision during transportation.8 Use and maintenance8.1 Upon installation on the lifting applian
46、ces, shackles shall be checked before each use, with major check items as follows:a) wear;b) normal operation of moving parts;c) no abnormal conditions such as loose pins and nuts or defects;d) there is no crack, scratch, heat damage, including welding slag, or arc striking mark in shackle bodies.8.
47、2 Shackle defects found during check shall be repaired and cannot be used until confirmation by experienced personnel. Shackles shall be scrapped under the following circumstances.a) There are defects in shackles, such as crack, heat damage, including welding slag, or arc striking mark, which preven
48、t them from use.b) The diameter dimension of the worn moving part reaches 10 % of the total diameter dimension. The length dimension of corroded thread reaches 15 % of its total length dimension. ISO 2013 All rights reserved 5Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS ISO 16857:2013ISO 16857:2013(E)Annex A (informative) Types and basic
