1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18186:2011Freight containers RFIDcargo shipment tag systemBS ISO 18186:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18186:20
2、11.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TW/1, Freight containers and swap bodies.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contr
3、act. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 71733 8ICS 55.180.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2011.
4、Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18186:2011Freight containers RFID cargo shipment tag systemConteneurs pour le transport de marchandises Systme dtiquettes RFID dexpdition de fret ISO 2011Reference numberISO 18186:2011(E)First edition2011-12-01ISO18186INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
5、BS ISO 18186:2011ISO 18186:2011(E)COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing
6、 from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in Switzerlandii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 18186:2011ISO
7、18186:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword .vIntroduction .vi1 Scope 12 Normative references .13 Terms and definitions .14 RFID cargo shipment tag system 24.1 System composition .24.2 System operator 24.3 System authorization .24.4 System functions .24.5 System internal data
8、 transmission .34.6 System safeguard measures 35 RFID cargo shipment tag .35.1 General requirements .35.2 Tag installation .45.3 Data content and format 45.4 Electronic security guarantee 55.5 Working environment .55.6 RF operations .56 Reader 56.1 Types .56.2 Functions .56.3 Data interface .57 RFID
9、 cargo shipment tag system operation 57.1 RFID cargo shipment tag system operational conditions 57.2 RFID cargo shipment tag system operational requirements .68 Reliability and accuracy of RFID cargo shipment tag system 69 Tag operation 6Annex A (normative) Data format for RFID cargo shipment tag 7B
10、ibliography .9BS ISO 18186:2011ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interes
11、ted in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical C
12、ommission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the techni
13、cal committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO sha
14、ll not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 18186 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 104, Freight containers, Subcommittee SC 4, Identification and communication.This first edition of ISO 18186 cancels and replaces the first edition of ISO/PAS 18186:2010.ISO
15、18186:2011(E)iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 18186:2011IntroductionThis International Standard describes the composition, application requirements and operational procedures of an RFID cargo shipment tag and its relevant system used for improving transparency of the freight container transport
16、ation process. It identifies data content and format as well as operational characteristics of an RFID cargo shipment tag. It also provides a solution for electronic transfer of relevant information between an RFID cargo shipment tag and its associated information system platform.The overall purpose
17、 of this International Standard is to improve freight container logistic transparency and efficiency by using an RFID cargo shipment tag and an associated, Internet-based information management system.ISO 18186:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18186:2011BS ISO 18186:2011INTERNATIONAL STA
18、NDARD ISO 18186:2011(E)Freight containers RFID cargo shipment tag system1 ScopeThis International Standard is applicable to freight containers as defined in ISO 668 as well as other associated containers and transport equipment.This International Standard defines how freight container logistic trans
19、parency and efficiency can be improved through use of an RFID cargo shipment tag system and an Internet-based software package. Such an RFID cargo shipment tag system can co-exist with, but is separate from, a container security and identification RFID framework using container “license plate” tags,
20、 described in ISO 10374 and ISO/TS 10891, and electronic seals (“e-seals”), described in ISO 18185 (all parts). In all cases, operation of and information from ISO/TS 10891 and ISO 18185 devices is independent from the operation and information of the cargo shipment tag and information from these de
21、vices is passed in discrete messages that are not routed via the RFID cargo shipment tag.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition o
22、f the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 668, Series 1 freight containers Classification, dimensions and ratingsISO 6346, Freight containers Coding, identification and markingISO 10374, Freight containers Automatic identificationISO/TS 10891, Freight containers Radio frequenc
23、y identification (RFID) Licence plate tagISO 18185 (all parts), Freight containers Electronic sealsIEC 60068-2 (multiple sub-parts), Environmental testingIEC CISPR/TR 28, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment (ISM)-Guidelines for emission levels within the bands designated by the ITU3 Terms a
24、nd definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1RFID cargo shipment tagread-write tag into which data specific to a containerized cargo shipment can be stored and the tag and the data uploaded in it are the responsibility of the shipper NOTE The tag can
25、be affixed to the container by the shipper or, as per the shippers instructions, by the party that physically performs the loading (“stuffing”) of the container. Data capabilities are flexible and can, at the shippers discretion, include destination, routing, conveyance or other transportation infor
26、mation, time and location of the interrogation, cargo information (including hazardous material information, where applicable) or other trip-specific information. The tag must perform reliably from the point of stuffing of the container to delivery destination, and is to be removed by the consignee
27、upon final delivery. The tag is reusable. ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18186:20113.2readerdevice that can exchange information with RFID cargo shipment tags by wireless communication methods and move information to and from an internet-based information system 3.3network platform information
28、 processing system through which data from an RFID cargo shipment tag is communicated, processed and viewed NOTE It is a subset within/of the cargo shipment tag system. The network platform system includes a wireless radio network, a server, terminal(s), database, middleware, etc. Information from t
29、he cargo shipment tag system is accessible, according to pre-determined access criteria, to authorized users through a dedicated internet website.3.4operators of network platformnetwork operatorneutral entity/organization/party that operates the network platform of the RFID cargo shipment tag system
30、 NOTE This entity operates/maintains the web server, database server and/or the middleware.3.5RFID cargo shipment tag systemsystem consisting of RFID cargo shipment tag, its associated reader(s) and the network platform4 RFID cargo shipment tag system4.1 System compositionThe RFID cargo shipment tag
31、 system is composed of the following basic elements: RFID cargo shipment tag, reader(s) and network platform (including database, operational system and related system software). The system is open and distributed, which can achieve management efficiencies in different geographical areas. Components
32、 of the RFID cargo shipment tag system operate in a manner described later in this International Standard.4.2 System operatorThe shipper, or its authorized representative, is the only one who may affix and remove the RFID cargo shipment tag. The shipper is responsible for the supply, placement and u
33、ltimate removal of the physical tag as well as all operations using it, including uploading, maintaining, altering, deleting and reading cargo shipment tag data.4.3 System authorizationThe shipper may, at its discretion and in accordance with 5.1, write any relevant container transport and shipping
34、data onto the cargo shipment tag. The shipper shall enter into an agreement with the network operator of the cargo shipment tag system before dispatching the shipment. As part of this agreement, the network operator shall provide access credentials which allow the shipper to upload tag, cargo and ot
35、her information to the network platform and query the network platform for journey information as needed.4.4 System functionsReading from and writing to the RFID cargo shipment tag may only be done by the shipper, or its authorized representative, using access credentials supplied by the network ope
36、rator. Each shipper, or its authorized representative, shall only have access to data on its own shipment tags.Container transport and shipping data, or any other allowed information, can be transferred by the shipper between network memory locations, including the RFID cargo shipment tags themselve
37、s. Use of access credentials, and/or other security measures, shall prevent one shipper from accessing the tag information or network information of another shipper.ISO 18186:2011(E)2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 18186:2011Search capabilities are available to the shipper, or an authorized part
38、y identified by it, through the network platform using access credentials supplied by the network operator. A shipper shall only have the ability to search through its own information and its own tags.4.5 System internal data transmissionExcept for wireless transmissions between cargo shipment tags
39、and readers, all internal EDI data transmissions through the network platform should use HTTP protocol, data format to be described by XML. For more detailed data, refer to Annex A.4.6 System safeguard measuresA shipper, using its unique access credentials, shall set up the reading and writing autho
40、rity levels of RFID cargo shipment tags through the network platform according to its own requirements.A shipper, using its unique access credentials, shall set up the inquiry and search authority levels for shipment information through the network platform according to its own requirements.Informat
41、ion within the RFID cargo shipment tag shall be encrypted or otherwise secured at the point and time when it is first written into the tag and during any subsequent modifications, alterations, changes and/or erasures. The tag shall be capable of having encrypted or otherwise secure data written to i
42、t and read from it without interference from the tag design or structure. Further, the system shall not write to the tag cargo shipment-specific data that is not encrypted or otherwise secured.All parts of the cargo shipment tag system, especially the network platform and associated information syst
43、ems, shall implement suitable disaster tolerance and protections from hostile attacks, including hacking, viruses and denial of service.5 RFID cargo shipment tag5.1 General requirementsThe RFID cargo shipment tag shall have its own unique tag identification number in permanent memory. The container
44、serial number (see ISO 6346), as well as any other desired container transport and shipping data, may be programmed into the volatile memory of the tag.Information written to the RFID cargo shipment tag shall be encoded using formats defined in Annex A for transmission between tags and readers.A clo
45、ck chip shall be built into each RFID cargo shipment tag and it shall be set to UTC time. The RFID cargo shipment tag system shall automatically record all interrogation events, including each trips initial activation and deactivation of the tag, including the date and time of these events. The time
46、 error shall be less than 5 seconds per day.The RFID cargo shipment tag system shall automatically receive and record the geographical location information from each reader interrogating it. The geographical location information refers to the reader position when it reads the tag.The RFID cargo ship
47、ment tag shall be capable of carrying any cargo shipment and/or logistic information as desired by the shipper and described in Annex A.The RFID cargo shipment tag data shall be protected as described in 4.6.The RFID cargo shipment tag may be either a one-time-use or a reusable device. In either cas
48、e, the tag shall be removed by the consignee after final delivery. Prior to re-use, it is the shippers responsibility to make sure that a reusable tag has had its user memory cleared. Return and recycling of reusable tags is also the sole responsibility of the shipper.An RFID cargo shipment tag shal
49、l support data capturing, amendment and deletion events for one full trip from the containers origin to final destination, as per the shippers requirements.ISO 18186:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18186:2011An RFID cargo shipment tag shall be capable of reporting battery status. A tag configured for one-time-use shall have a minimum battery life span of 60 days from battery activation. A reusable tag shall have a minimum battery life span of five years under normal operational circumstances, based on having a read/wri
