1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18436-6:2014Condition monitoring anddiagnostics of machines Requirements for qualificationand assessment of personnelPart 6: Acoustic emissionBS ISO 18436-6:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18436-6:2014.It sup
2、ersedes BS ISO 18436-6:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GME/21/7, Mechanical vibration, shock and conditionmonitoring - Condition monitoring.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secre
3、tary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 83690 9ICS 03.100.30; 17.160Compliance with a British Standard c
4、annot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18436-6:2014 ISO 2014Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Require
5、ments for qualification and assessment of personnel Part 6: Acoustic emissionSurveillance et diagnostic dtat des machines Exigences relatives la qualification et lvaluation du personnel Partie 6: mission acoustiqueINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18436-6Second edition2014-02-15Reference numberISO 18436-6:20
6、14(E)BS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photoco
7、pying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-m
8、ail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Classification of personnel (acoustic emission) 24.1 General . 24.2
9、Category I . 24.3 Category II . 24.4 Category III . 35 Eligibility. 35.1 General . 35.2 Education . 45.3 Training . 45.4 Experience 46 Examination 56.1 Examination content 56.2 Conduct of examinations 6Annex A (normative) Training course requirements and minimum training hours for acoustic emission
10、condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines 7Annex B (normative) Standards from which examination questions may be developed .10Bibliography .11BS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
11、bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizat
12、ions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its furth
13、er maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAtt
14、ention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introducti
15、on and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity as
16、sessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, Subcommitt
17、ee SC 5, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition which has been revised.ISO 18436 consists of the following parts, under the general title Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessmen
18、t of personnel : Part 1: Requirements for assessment bodies and the assessment process Part 2: Vibration condition monitoring and diagnostics Part 3: Requirements for training bodies and the training process Part 4: Field lubricant analysis Part 5: Lubricant laboratory technician/analyst Part 6: Aco
19、ustic emission Part 7: Thermography Part 8: UltrasoundThe following part is planned: Part 9: Condition monitoring specialistsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E)IntroductionThe use of acoustic emission technology in condition monitoring is one of the key activities i
20、n predictive maintenance programmes for most industries. Other non-intrusive technologies including infrared thermography, vibration analysis, lubricant analysis, wear debris analysis and motor current analysis are used as complementary condition analysis tools. Those in the manufacturing industry w
21、ho have diligently and consistently applied these technologies have experienced a return on investment far exceeding their expectations. However, the effectiveness of these programmes depends on the capabilities of individuals who perform the measurements and analyse the data.A programme, administer
22、ed by an assessment body, has been developed to train and assess the competence of personnel whose duties require the appropriate theoretical and practical knowledge of machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics.This part of ISO 18436 defines the requirements against which personnel in the non-i
23、ntrusive machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics technologies associated with acoustic emission for machinery condition monitoring are to be qualified and the methods of assessing such personnel. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18436-6:2014BS ISO 18436-6:2014Condition monitoring and diag
24、nostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel Part 6: Acoustic emission1 ScopeThis part of ISO 18436 specifies the requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel who perform machinery condition monitoring and diagnostics using acoustic emission.A certific
25、ate or declaration of conformity to this part of ISO 18436 will provide recognition of the qualifications and competence of individuals to perform acoustic emission measurements and analysis for machinery condition monitoring using acoustic emission equipment. This procedure may not apply to special
26、ized equipment or other specific situations.This part of ISO 18436 specifies a three-category classification programme that is based on the technical areas delineated herein.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indisp
27、ensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines VocabularyISO 13374 (all parts), Condition monitorin
28、g and diagnostics of machines Data processing, communication and presentationISO 13379-1, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Data interpretation and diagnostics techniques Part 1: General guidelinesISO 17359, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines General guidelinesISO 18436-
29、1:2012, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessment of personnel Part 1: Requirements for assessment bodies and the assessment processISO 18436-3, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Requirements for qualification and assessment of pers
30、onnel Part 3: Requirements for training bodies and the training processISO 22096:2007, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Acoustic emissionISO/IEC 17000, Conformity assessment Vocabulary and general principlesASTM E2374-10, Standard Guide for Acoustic Emission System Performance Verifi
31、cationASTM E1106-12, Standard Test Method for Primary Calibration of Acoustic Emission SensorsASTM E650-M12, Standard Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic Emission SensorsEN 13477-1:2001, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission Equipment characterization Part 1: Equipment descriptionINTERNATI
32、ONAL STANDARD ISO 18436-6:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E)EN 13477-2:2001, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission Equipment characterization Part 2: Verification of operating characteristicEN 13554:2002, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission General
33、 principlesEN 1330-9:2000, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 9: Terms used in acoustic emission testing3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13372, ISO/IEC 17000 and the following apply.3.1traineeperson who is being trained to become
34、qualified4 Classification of personnel (acoustic emission)4.1 GeneralIndividuals assessed as conforming to the requirements of this part of ISO 18436 shall be classified in one of three categories, depending upon their qualifications. They shall have demonstrated the necessary skills in acoustic emi
35、ssion condition monitoring for their category as indicated in Annex A.Personnel classified as Category II need to have all the knowledge and skills expected of personnel classified as Category I, while personnel classified as Category III need to have all the knowledge and skills expected of personn
36、el classified as Category II.4.2 Category IIndividuals classified as Category I are qualified to perform acoustic emission measurements according to established and recognized procedures. Personnel classified as Category I shall be able to:a) apply a specified acoustic emission measurement procedure
37、;b) set up and verify operation of equipment for basic acoustic emission data collection;c) verify the integrity of collected data and prevent or control poor data;d) perform basic acoustic emission analysis;e) record and categorize the results in terms of written criteria;f) maintain a database of
38、results or trends; andg) evaluate and report test results in accordance with instructions.Persons classified as Category I shall not be regarded as competent to choose the test method or technique to be used nor to assess the test results.4.3 Category IIIndividuals classified as Category II are qual
39、ified to perform and/or direct acoustic emission analysis according to established and recognized procedures, and will be aware of the limitations of the acoustic emission method. Personnel classified as Category II shall be able to:a) select the appropriate acoustic emission technique;b) define the
40、 limitations of the application;2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E)c) specify the appropriate hardware and software for both portable and permanently installed systems;d) set up and verify equipment settings;e) measure and perform diagnosis of acoustic emission signa
41、ls;f) measure, interpret and analyse acoustic emission data;g) verify the calibration of acoustic emission measurement systems;h) prepare reports on condition, recommend appropriate corrective actions and comment on effectiveness of repairs;i) provide technical direction to acoustic emission personn
42、el at or below Category II;j) carry out, supervise and instruct all Category I duties; andk) be aware of the use of alternative condition monitoring (CM) technologies, at least to Category I level.4.4 Category IIIIndividuals classified as Category III are qualified to perform and/or direct all types
43、 of acoustic emission measurements and analysis. Personnel classified as Category III shall be able to:a) apply acoustic emission theory and techniques, including measurement and interpretation of survey results;b) understand and perform data analysis, including limitations;c) determine the acoustic
44、 emission data acquisition systems and component assemblies;d) use non-standard techniques for acoustic emission and fault diagnosis;e) recommend all generally recognized types of corrective actions;f) interpret and evaluate standards, codes, specifications and procedures;g) establish acoustic emiss
45、ion programmes, including determination of the requirement for periodic/continuous monitoring, frequency of testing, etc.;h) establish programmes for acceptance and severity criteria for new and in-service systems and faulty equipment;i) perform prognostics for fault conditions;j) recommend the use
46、of alternative or supplementary condition monitoring (CM) technologies; andk) guide personnel below Category III.NOTE It is the employers responsibility to ensure that category III personnel have the necessary competency in the required management skills, for example, creating budgets, preparing cos
47、t justifications and managing personnel development.5 Eligibility5.1 GeneralCandidates should have a combination of education, training and experience to ensure that they understand the principles and procedures applicable to acoustic emission measurement and analysis. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3
48、BS ISO 18436-6:2014ISO 18436-6:2014(E)5.2 EducationCandidates seeking classification do not need to provide evidence of formal education to establish eligibility. However, it is recommended that Category I and II candidates have at least a secondary school graduate qualification or its equivalent. C
49、ategory II and III candidates shall be able to manipulate simple algebraic equations, use a basic scientific calculator (including trigonometric and logarithmic functions), and be familiar with the operation of personal computers. Successful completion of two or more years of mechanical technology or mechanical engineering at an accredited college, university or technical school is highly recommended for candidates seeking classification to Category III.5.3 Training5.3.1 IntroductionTo be e
