1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 19149:2011Geographic information Rights expression languagefor geographic information GeoRELBS ISO 19149:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the
2、 UK implementation of ISO 19149:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/36, Geographic information.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necess
3、aryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 64156 5ICS 35.240.70Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Commit
4、tee on 31 December 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 19149:2011Reference numberISO 19149:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO19149First edition2011-11-15Geographic information Rights expression language for geographic information GeoREL Information gographique Lan
5、gue sur lexpression des droits pour lutilisation de linformation gographique GeoREL BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electro
6、nic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org
7、 Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword vi Introduction . vii 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references 2 4 Terms and definitions . 2 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms 2
8、5.1 Abbreviated terms . 2 5.2 Symbols used for common XML namespaces . 3 6 Digital rights management systems 3 7 Requirements for the expression of digital licenses for geographic resources 4 8 Geographic rights expression language extensions GeoREL . 5 8.1 Technical approach . 5 8.2 Spatial entitie
9、s used in conditions 6 8.3 Resources 8 8.3.1 Resources from ISO/IEC 21000 8 8.3.2 GeoResource . 8 8.3.3 Data resources: GeoInformation resource metadata 9 8.3.4 Service resources: GeoProcessing resource metadata 11 8.4 Principals . 14 8.5 Rights 15 8.5.1 Usage Rights 15 8.5.2 Meta-rights . 21 8.6 Co
10、nditions 21 8.6.1 Semantics . 21 8.6.2 Property conditions and grant component patterns . 21 8.6.3 Standards-defined operations . 21 8.6.4 Output conditions 22 8.6.5 Transfer right and sublicense conditions on meta-rights . 22 8.6.6 Spatial temporal conditions . 23 8.6.7 Layer conditions 24 8.6.8 Im
11、plementation conditions . 24 8.6.9 Parameter range conditions . 24 8.6.10 Derived right conditions . 24 8.6.11 Encoding condition . 25 8.6.12 Side effect and associated conditions 25 Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite 27 A.1 The two test cases . 27 A.2 License conformance 27 A.2.1 Introduction
12、27 A.2.2 XML schema conformance . 27 A.2.3 Proper interpretation . 28 A.3 Enforcement conformance . 28 Annex B (normative) geoRel.xsd 29 Annex C (informative) Notes on the ISO REL, ISO/IEC 21000-5 . 36 C.1 Overview . 36 BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedC.2 License pa
13、rts 36 C.3 Issuer 37 C.4 For all declaration of variables .37 C.5 Renderer .38 Bibliography 40 Examples and Schemata Schema 1: GeoPlace . 6 Schema 2: Property and parameter schema . 7 Schema 3: Resource from ISO/IEC 21000 8 Schema 4: GeoResource and GeoProcess schema . 9 Example 1: geoResource Licen
14、se . 10 Example 2: geoResource License for a Restricted Area by Name . 12 Example 3: geoProcess License . 13 Example 4: “public user” geoPrincipal defined by functional property . 15 Schema 5: GeoRight 16 Schema 6: Use 16 Schema 7: Display . 17 Schema 8: Merge . 17 Schema 9: Extract 17 Schema 10: Tr
15、ansform 18 Schema 11: Derive 18 Schema 12: Edit . 18 Schema 13: Modify 19 Schema 14: Derive Graphic . 19 Schema 15: Encode . 19 Schema 16: Execute 20 Example 5: geoProcess used as execute conditions 20 Schema 17: GeoCondition . 21 Schema 18: Standard compliance conditions . 22 Schema 19: Output form
16、at conditions . 22 Schema 20: Transfer conditions 22 BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vSchema 21: Spatial temporal conditions 23 Schema 22: Derived right conditions 24 Schema 23: Encoding conditions . 25 Schema 24: Side Effects 25 Schema C.1: License Part from ISO REL
17、36 Schema C.2: For all variable definition from ISO REL . 37 Example C.1: Property for all elements using “certificate license” from ISO REL . 38 Schema C.3: Renderer from ISO REL, MX extension . 39 BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Org
18、anization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establi
19、shed has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardizatio
20、n. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
21、Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat
22、ent rights. ISO 19149 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics. A base document was supplied by the Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved viiIntroduction The use of ubiquitous computing in geographic i
23、nformation is often obstructed by legal concerns about the rights of the holders and owners of data and other intellectual property resources. It can be the case that once data or other resource is released into any unconstrained and unprotected environment, the value of the holding is decreased bec
24、ause the underlying data theoretically becomes available from other sources. The multimedia industry has taken the lead in solving this problem by creating a general model for digital rights protection, in which a language was developed in order that instances of those rights might be documented, a
25、rights expression language, specifically in ISO/IEC 21000-5, the ISO REL. This language, used in conjunction with Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems, can protect the value of data and still allow it to be distributed subject to a system of licensing, trust and enforcement. This International St
26、andard extends the ISO REL to encompass the concerns of holders of geographic data and service resources to equally ensure their protection. This allows the geographic information market to operate with minimal constraints derived from the need for the protection of intellectual property. There are
27、two major sources for foundational material for this work. The first source is ISO/IEC 21000, a multiple part standard that defines digital rights management in general. There is no need to extend this basic foundation for expressing and enforcing rights for resources except in those cases where the
28、 special requirements of geographic information and services make it necessary. The second source is ISO 19153 (originally an Open Geospatial Abstract Specification volume), which enumerates these special cases for geographic information as well as providing an overall reference model using common g
29、eographic information terms that ties the work of the ISO/IEC 21000 work into this spatial standard. Given these two foundations, the purpose of this International Standard is to extend the ISO REL, consistent with the requirements for such extensions given in ISO/IEC 21000-5, to cover the special c
30、ases enumerated in ISO 19153. BS ISO 19149:2011BS ISO 19149:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19149:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Geographic information Rights expression language for geographic information GeoREL 1 Scope This International Standard defines an XML-based vocabulary or language t
31、o express rights for geographic information in order that digital licenses can be created for such information and related services. This language, GeoREL, is an extension of the rights expression language in ISO/IEC 21000-5 and is to be used to compose digital licenses. Each digital license will un
32、ambiguously express those particular rights that the owners (or their agent) of a digital geographic resource extend to the holders of that license. The digital rights management system in which these licenses are used can then offer ex ante (before the fact) protection for all such resources. NOTE
33、The proper use of a GeoREL includes the preservation of rights access by formula expressed in usage licenses. Thus, data in the public or private domain, when protected, remain in their respective domains if the usage rights granted so state. These “rights” are not always covered by copyright law, a
34、nd are often the result of contracts between individuals that specify the proper and allowed uses of resources, as opposed to the threat of copyright litigations which is an ex post facto (after the fact) remediation measure, not an ex ante protection measure. This International Standard is not a re
35、flection of, or extension of, copyright law. Mechanisms for the enforcement and preservation of those contract rights are specified in ISO/IEC 21000, and it is not the intention of this International Standard to replace nor redefine those mechanisms, but to use them as previously standardized. 2 Con
36、formance The license language vocabulary is expressed as an XML schema extending the ISO/IEC 21000-5 REL. A conformant license expression is a well-formed and complete XML document (or its equivalent) that expresses the semantics described in the standard and that is properly protected from modifica
37、tion by the mechanisms described and specified in ISO/IEC 21000. A license compliant to this International Standard will be consistent with the XML schema for ISO/IEC 21000-5 and the XML schema associated with this International Standard (see requirements in Clause 6). A software system compliant to
38、 this International Standard shall interpret any compliant license in a manner consistent with the semantics expressed in ISO/IEC 21000 and the abstract test suite given in Annex A. BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3 Normative references The following referenced stand
39、ards are indispensable for the application of this International Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard (including any amendments) applies. ISO 191531), Geospatial Digital Rights Management Reference Model
40、 (GeoDRM RM) ISO/IEC 21000 (all parts), Information technology Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 21000 apply2). The terms “constraint” and “condition” are used interchangeably, and no distinction is me
41、ant in terms of the license based on which term is used. This differs from other cases where constraints are expressed as the contrapositive of conditions. Following the precedent set in ISO/IEC 21000, the alternative English (Oxford English Dictionary) spelling of the word license has been used in
42、all instances, except when used in proper names. This is in contradiction to the ISO 19153, and the preferred English usage, where the word “license” is usually a verb and the word “licence” is a noun. Both US and UK English dictionaries accept the “s” spellings for the noun, and so this is not in v
43、ariance with any current dictionary in either dialect. The basic reason for this is to not confuse the spelling of the XML elements (which use the ISO/IEC 21000 spellings) with the spellings in the text. No semantic difference is meant by this typographic convention. 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms
44、5.1 Abbreviated terms The following symbols and abbreviated terms are used in this document. DRM Digital Rights Management GeoREL Rights Expression Language for Geographic Information (including the ISO REL and the extension defined in this International Standard) GeoDRM Digital Rights Management fo
45、r Geographic Information ISO REL Rights Expression Language from ISO/IEC 21000-5 (see Annex C for notes on ISO REL) LBS Location Based Service REL Rights Expression Language UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration URI Uniform Resource Identifier 1) To be published. 2) This Internationa
46、l Standard does not include an abstract model. It depends on the models in ISO/IEC 21000 and ISO 19153. BS ISO 19149:2011ISO 19149:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3WFS Web Feature Service (ISO 19142) WSDL Web Services Definition Language XML Extensible Markup Language 5.2 Symbols used for commo
47、n XML namespaces The following namespace prefixes are used in the in-text XML and XML Schema fragments: grm Namespace prefix for the geoRel.xsd license extensions xsd Namespace prefix for the XML Schema basic types, used in defining schema elements r Namespace prefix for rel-r.xsd in ISO/IEC 21000,
48、representing the namespace urn:mpeg:mpeg21:2003:01-REL-R-NS sx Namespace prefix for rel-sx.xsd in ISO/IEC 21000, representing the namespace urn:mpeg:mpeg21:2003:01-REL-SX-NS mx Namespace prefix for rel-mx.xsd in ISO/IEC 21000, representing the namespace urn:mpeg:mpeg21:2003:01-REL-MX-NS Examples in
49、this International Standard are given as informative illustrations of ideas, and are not valid licenses, since they lack the appropriate signature values that would allow them to be recognized by a qualified security system as well-formed. Other than the absence of signature keys, the fragments are valid, in the sense that within a properly signed license document, they would be valid and correctly parsed and interpreted if correctly placed in the larger context of a license. They do conform to the XML schemas using the ab
