1、Paints and varnishes WettabilityPart 6: Measurement of dynamic contact angleBS ISO 194036:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 6: Measurement of dynamic contact anglePeintures et vernis Mouillabilit Partie
2、 6: Mesurage de langle de contact dynamiqueINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19403-6First edition2017-06Reference numberISO 19403-6:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 194036:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/10, Te
3、st methods for paints.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 P
4、ublished by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 87399 7ICS 01.040.87; 87.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017.Amendments/corrigen
5、da issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 194036:2017 ISO 2017Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 6: Measurement of dynamic contact anglePeintures et vernis Mouillabilit Partie 6: Mesurage de langle de contact dynamiqueINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19403-6First edition2017-06R
6、eference numberISO 19403-6:2017(E)BS ISO 194036:2017ISO 19403-6:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by
7、any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 40
8、1CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 194036:2017ISO 19403-6:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this
9、 publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the
10、 country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 19403-6:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 App
11、aratus and materials 26 Sampling 47 Procedure. 47.1 General for measuring on the horizontal drop 47.1.1 Setting up the contact angle measuring system . 47.1.2 Test conditions. 47.1.3 Conditioning of the test panels 47.1.4 Conditioning of the test liquids . 47.2 Measurement 47.2.1 General 47.2.2 Meas
12、uring method . 57.2.3 Determination of the contact angle . 58 Evaluation 59 Precision . 810 Test report . 8Annex A (informative) Notes on sampling and treatment of test specimens 10Bibliography .11 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 194036:2017ISO 19403-6:2017(E)ForewordISO (the Int
13、ernational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee ha
14、s been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical
15、standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in acc
16、ordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. De
17、tails of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute
18、an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the fo
19、llowing URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes.A list of all parts in the ISO 19403 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reser
20、vedBS ISO 194036:2017ISO 19403-6:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bod
21、y interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrote
22、chnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO
23、 documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held r
24、esponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information
25、 given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) pr
26、inciples in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General test methods for paints and varnishes.A list of all parts in the ISO 19403 series
27、can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 19403-6:2017(E)IntroductionDynamic contact angles describe the processes on the interface liquid/solid during volume increase (advancing angle) or volume decrease (receding angle) of a drop in horizontal position. As an alternative
28、to the static method (see ISO 19403-2), for the advancing angle always a surface area is wetted, which was previously unwetted. For the receding angle, the contact angle during dewetting is observed. The difference between advancing angle and receding angle is a sign of different chemical or physica
29、l homogeneity (morphology, topology) or roughness. The receding angle is not suitable for the determination of the surface energy. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 194036:2017BS ISO 194036:2017Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 6: Measurement of dynamic contact angle1 ScopeThis document speci
30、fies a method to measure the dynamic contact angle with an optical method. The advancing and the receding angles are determined.By means of this defined measurement, the wetting and dewetting properties can be characterized. It can also be concluded on the morphological and chemical homogeneity of i
31、nterfaces.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (
32、including any amendments) applies.ISO 4618, Paints and varnishes Terms and definitionsISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes SamplingISO 19403-1, Paints and varnishes Wettability Part 1: Terminology and general principlesISO 19403-2:2017, Paints and varnishes Wettabi
33、lity Part 2: Determination of the free surface energy of solid surfaces by measuring the contact angle3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4618 and ISO 19403-1, and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use i
34、n standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp3.1dynamic contact anglecontact angle, which is measured during advancing or receding of the three-phase pointNote 1
35、 to entry: For the definition of “contact angle”, see ISO 19403-1:2017, 3.1.9.Note 2 to entry: The advancing or receding of the three-phase point can be achieved by changing the volume of the liquid drop to be measured, by relative movement (immersing and pulling out) of a solid body to an interface
36、, or by moving the drop over the interface (e.g. rolling off).INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19403-6:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 194036:2017ISO 19403-6:2017(E)3.2advancing angleacontact angle, which is measured during advancing of the three-phase pointNote 1 to entry: Generally, the adv
37、ancing angle is used for the determination of the interface energy, in which case, the measurement should be carried out close to the thermodynamic equilibrium. This is approximately reached if there is no influence of, for example, the dosing speed on the contact angle.3.3receding anglercontact ang
38、le, which is measured during receding of the three-phase point3.4contact angle hysteresisardifference between advancing angle (3.2) and receding angle (3.3)3.5polynomial methodimage-analysing evaluation method for the contact angle which can also be applied when the dosing needle is still inside the
39、 drop4 PrincipleAt least three drops of the respective test liquids are dosed onto the flat surface of a test specimen. The volume of the respective drop is continuously increased (advancing angle) or decreased (receding angle). The contact angle is preferably determined by means of the polynomial m
40、ethod, synchronously with the dosing. If the polar and dispersive fraction of the surface free energy is to be determined according to ISO 19403-2, the advancing angle shall be used.5 Apparatus and materialsOrdinary laboratory apparatus, together with the following.5.1 Contact angle measuring system
41、.Any state-of-the-art contact angle measuring device, preferably systems with digital image capture and analysis for measuring the contact angle. Figure 1 shows a schematic example of a contact angle measuring system.2 ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 194036:2017ISO 19403-6:2017(E)3.2advancing ang
42、leacontact angle, which is measured during advancing of the three-phase pointNote 1 to entry: Generally, the advancing angle is used for the determination of the interface energy, in which case, the measurement should be carried out close to the thermodynamic equilibrium. This is approximately reach
43、ed if there is no influence of, for example, the dosing speed on the contact angle.3.3receding anglercontact angle, which is measured during receding of the three-phase point3.4contact angle hysteresisardifference between advancing angle (3.2) and receding angle (3.3)3.5polynomial methodimage-analys
44、ing evaluation method for the contact angle which can also be applied when the dosing needle is still inside the drop4 PrincipleAt least three drops of the respective test liquids are dosed onto the flat surface of a test specimen. The volume of the respective drop is continuously increased (advanci
45、ng angle) or decreased (receding angle). The contact angle is preferably determined by means of the polynomial method, synchronously with the dosing. If the polar and dispersive fraction of the surface free energy is to be determined according to ISO 19403-2, the advancing angle shall be used.5 Appa
46、ratus and materialsOrdinary laboratory apparatus, together with the following.5.1 Contact angle measuring system.Any state-of-the-art contact angle measuring device, preferably systems with digital image capture and analysis for measuring the contact angle. Figure 1 shows a schematic example of a co
47、ntact angle measuring system.2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 19403-6:2017(E)Key1 light source2 specimen holder3 system with microlitre syringe for continuous dosing 4 optical system5 screen6 needle positioned in the dropFigure 1 Schematic diagram of a contact angle measuring systemThe image captu
48、ring system should be oriented in a way that the optimal image resolution ratio (ratio of width and height) can be used.NOTE The device used can differ from the schematic diagram in regard to light path and the arrangement of the components.5.2 Dosing unit.Dosing unit, which makes it possible to con
49、tinuously change the drop volume on the surface in the range of microlitres.NOTE Typical dosing rates for test liquids for the determination of the surface energy are in the range of 10 l/min.5.3 Test liquids.The test liquids shall not physically or chemically affect the surface. They shall not have a distinct yield point.NOTE A notable yield value is shown when a lamella of the liquid teared with a needle does not level within a given time limit (e.g. 30 s).The test liquids shall not cr
