1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 20421-1:2006 Incorporating corrigendum no. 1 Cryogenic vessels Large transportable vacuum-insulated vessels Part 1: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing ICS 23.020.40 BS ISO 20421-1:2006 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy an
2、d Strategy Committee on 31 May 2006 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 59935 4 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 20421-1:2006, incorporating corrigendum August 2007. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags . Text a
3、ltered by ISO corrigendum August 2007 is indicated in the text by . The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/18, Cryogenic vessels. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not pur
4、port to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 17371 Corrigendum No. 1 28 September 2007 See na
5、tional foreword Reference number ISO 20421-1:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20421-1 First edition 2006-04-15 Cryogenic vessels Large transportable vacuum-insulated vessels Part 1: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing Rcipients cryogniques Rcipients transportables isols sous vide de grande
6、contenance Partie 1: Conception, fabrication, inspection et essais BS ISO 20421-1:2006ii BS ISO 20421-1:2006 iii Contents Page Foreword. v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .3 4 Symbols 6 5 General requirements8 6 Mechanical loads .8 6.1 General8 6.2 Load during the pressure
7、 test 8 7 Chemical effects 8 8 Thermal conditions9 9 Materials .9 9.1 Selection of materials9 9.2 Inspection certificates.9 10 Design .10 10.1 Design options .10 10.2 Common design requirements.10 10.3 Design by calculation 18 11 Fabrication47 11.1 General47 11.2 Cutting 47 11.3 Cold forming.47 11.4
8、 Hot forming.49 11.5 Manufacturing tolerances .49 11.6 Welding .54 11.7 Non-welded joints55 12 Inspection and testing.55 12.1 Quality plan 55 12.2 Production control test plates56 12.3 Non-destructive testing.58 12.4 Rectification .60 12.5 Pressure testing.60 13 Marking and labelling 61 14 Final acc
9、eptance test 61 15 Periodic inspection61 Annex A (informative) Examples of tank plates .62 Annex B (normative) Elastic stress analysis .65 Annex C (normative) Additional requirements for 9 % Ni steel .74 Annex D (informative) Pressure strengthening of vessels from austenitic stainless steels 76 Anne
10、x E (informative) Specific weld details .87 Annex F (informative) Outer-jacket relief devices91 BS ISO 20421-1:2006 iv Annex G (informative) Base materials 93 Annex H (normative) Components subject to external pressure (pressure on the convex surface) Calculation 102 Annex I (normative) Design of op
11、enings in cylinders, spheres and cones Calculation 113 v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committee
12、s. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Inter
13、national Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International St
14、andards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the sub
15、ject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20421-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 220, Cryogenic vessels. ISO 20421 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cryogenic vessels Large transportable vacuum-insul
16、ated vessels: Part 1: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing Part 2: Operational requirements BS ISO 20421-1:2006blank1Cryogenic vessels Large transportable vacuum-insulated vessels Part 1: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing 1 Scope This part of ISO 20421 specifies requirements for the
17、 design, fabrication, inspection and testing of large transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels of more than 450 l volume, which are permanently (fixed tanks) or not permanently (demountable tanks and portable tanks) attached to a means of transport, for one or more modes of transport. This p
18、art of ISO 20421 applies to large transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels for fluids specified in 3.1 and does not apply to vessels designed for toxic fluids. This part of ISO 20421 does not include the general vehicle requirements, e.g. running gear, brakes, lighting, etc., which are in ac
19、cordance with the relevant standards/regulations. This International Standard does not cover specific requirements for refillable liquid-hydrogen tanks that are primarily dedicated as fuel tanks in vehicles. For fuel tanks used in land vehicles, see ISO 13985. 2 Normative references The following re
20、ferenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4126-2, Safety devices for protection against excessive press
21、ure Part 2: Bursting disc safety devices ISO 4136, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Transverse tensile test ISO 5173, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Bend tests ISO 9016, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Impact tests Test specimen location, notch orie
22、ntation and examination ISO 9606-1, Approval testing of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of personnel ISO 10474, Steel and steel prod
23、ucts Inspection documents ISO 14732, Welding personnel Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and of resistance weld setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials BS ISO 20421-1:20062 ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for me
24、tallic materials General rules ISO 20421-2, Cryogenic vessels Large transportable vacuum-insulated vessels Part 2: Operational requirements ISO 21028-1, Cryogenic vessels Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature Part 1: Temperatures below 80 degrees C ISO 21028-2, Cryogenic vess
25、els Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature Part 2: Temperatures between 80 degrees C and 20 degrees C ISO 23208, Cryogenic vessels Cleanliness for cryogenic service ASME VIII-2 EN 1708-1, Welding Basic weld joint details in steel Part 1: Pressurized components EN 10028-4, Flat
26、 products made of steels for pressure purposes Part 4: Nickel alloy steels with specified low temperature properties EN 10028-7, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes Part 7: Stainless Steels EN 12300, Cryogenic vessels Cleanliness for cryogenic service EN 13068-3, Non-destructive testi
27、ng Radioscopic testing Part 3: General principles of radioscopic testing of metallic materials by X- and gamma rays EN 13445-3, Unfired pressure vessels Part 3: Design EN 13445-4, Unfired pressure vessels Part 4: Fabrication UN Recommendations on the transport of dangerous goods Model regulations (1
28、2th revised edition) ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Qualification based on pre-production welding test ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure test Part 1: Arc and gas welding
29、 of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure test Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys ISO 15614-3, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic mate
30、rials Welding procedure test Part 3: Fusion and pressure welding of non-alloyed and low-alloyed cast irons 1) ISO 17636, Non-destructive testing of welds Radiographic testing of fusion-welded joints ISO 21010, Cryogenic vessels Gas/materials compatibility ISO 21011, Cryogenic vessels Valves for cryo
31、genic service 1) ISO 21013-1, Cryogenic vessels Pressure-relief accessories for cryogenic service Part 1: Reclosable pressure-relief valves 1) _ 1) To be published. BS ISO 20421-1:20063 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 20421, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1
32、 cryogenic fluid refrigerated liquefied gas gas which is partially liquid because of its low temperature NOTE 1 This includes totally evaporated liquids and supercritical fluids. NOTE 2 In the context of this part of ISO 20421, the refrigerated but non-toxic gases and gas mixtures given in Table 1 a
33、re referred to as cryogenic fluids. Table 1 Refrigerated but non-toxic gases Classification code Identification number, name and description a Asphyxiant gases 1913 Neon, refrigerated liquid 1951 Argon, refrigerated liquid 1963 Helium, refrigerated liquid 1970 Krypton, refrigerated liquid 1977 Nitro
34、gen, refrigerated liquid 2187 Carbon dioxide, refrigerated liquid 2591 Xenon, refrigerated liquid 3136 Trifluoromethane refrigerated liquid 3 A 3158 Gas, refrigerated liquid, N.O.S. (not otherwise specified)Oxidizing gases 1003 Air, refrigerated liquid 1073 Oxygen, refrigerated liquid 2201 Nitrous o
35、xide, refrigerated liquid, oxidizing 3 O 3311 Gas, refrigerated liquid, oxidizing, N.O.S. Flammable gases 1038 Ethylene, refrigerated liquid 1961 Ethane, refrigerated liquid 1966 Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid 1972 Methane, refrigerated liquid or natural gas, refrigerated liquid, with high methane co
36、ntent 3138 Ethylene, acetylene and propylene mixture, refrigerated liquid, containing at least 71,5 % ethylene with not more than 22,5 % acetylene and not more than 6 % propylene 3 F 3312 Gas, refrigerated liquid, flammable, N.O.S. a Classification codes, identification number, name and description
37、according to the United Nations. BS ISO 20421-1:20064 3.2 large transportable cryogenic vessels tank thermally insulated vessel of more than 450 l intended for the transport of one or more cryogenic fluids, consisting of an inner vessel, an outer jacket, all of the valves and service equipment toget
38、her with the structural parts NOTE The large transportable cryogenic vessel comprises a complete assembly that is ready for service 3.3 thermal insulation vacuum interspace between the inner vessel and the outer jacket NOTE The space may or may not be filled with material to reduce the heat transfer
39、 between the inner vessel and the outer jacket. 3.4 inner vessel pressure vessel intended to contain the cryogenic fluid to be transported 3.5 outer jacket gas-tight enclosure which contains the inner vessel and enables the vacuum to be established 3.6 normal operation the intended operation of the
40、vessel at a pressure not greater than the maximum allowable working pressure including the handling loads 3.7 handling loads loads exerted on the transportable cryogenic vessel in all normal conditions of transport including loading, unloading, moving and lifting 3.8 documentation technical document
41、s delivered by the manufacturer to the owner consisting of: all certificates establishing the conformity with this part of ISO 20421 (e.g. material, pressure test, cleanliness, safety devices); a short description of the vessel (including characteristic data, etc.); a list of fluids and their net ma
42、ss for which the cryogenic vessel is designed; an operating manual (for the user) which consists of: a short description of the vessel (including characteristic data, etc.); a statement that the vessel is in conformity with this part of ISO 20421; the instructions for normal operation. 3.9 piping sy
43、stem all pipes, tubes and associated components which can come in contact with cryogenic fluids including valves, fittings, pressure-relief devices and their supports BS ISO 20421-1:20065 3.10 service equipment measuring instruments and filling, discharge, venting, safety, heating, cooling and insul
44、ating devices 3.11 manufacturer of the large transportable cryogenic vessel company that carries out the final assembly, including the final acceptance test, of the large transportable cryogenic vessel 3.12 gross volume of the inner vessel internal volume of the inner vessel, excluding nozzles, pipe
45、s, etc., determined at minimum design temperature and atmospheric pressure 3.13 tare mass mass of the empty large transportable cryogenic vessel 3.14 net volume of the inner vessel volume of the inner vessel, below the inlet to the relief devices, excluding nozzles, pipes, etc., determined at minimu
46、m design temperature and atmospheric pressure 3.15 net mass maximum allowable mass of the cryogenic fluid which may be filled NOTE 1 The maximum allowable mass is equal to the mass of the cryogenic liquid occupying 98 % of the net volume of the inner vessel under conditions of incipient opening of t
47、he relief device with the vessel in a level attitude and the mass of the gas at the same conditions in the remaining volume of the inner vessel. NOTE 2 Cryogenic liquid helium can occupy 100 % of the volume of the inner vessel at any pressure. 3.16 gross mass sum of tare mass plus net mass 3.17 pres
48、sure pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, i.e. gauge pressure 3.18 fixed tank tank vehicle large transportable vessel permanently attached to a vehicle or to units of running gear 3.19 demountable tank large transportable vessel non-permanently attached to a vehicle NOTE When attached to the c
49、arrier vehicle, the demountable tank meets the requirements prescribed for a fixed tank. It is designed to be lifted only when empty. 3.20 portable tank large transportable vessel designed primarily to be loaded onto a transport vehicle or ship NOTE It can be lifted full and loaded and discharged without removal of structural element. BS ISO 20421
