1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Part 1: Vehicle functional safetyICS 43.120Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications BRITISH ST
2、ANDARDBS ISO 23273-1:2006BS ISO 23273-1:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 April 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 48113 1The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in
3、the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible
4、 for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back c
5、over.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesenquiries on the interpretat
6、ion, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 23273-1:2006 and implements it as the UK national standard.The UK participation in its pr
7、eparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/69, Electric vehicles, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any Reference numberISO 23273-1:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO23273-1First edition2006-04-01
8、Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications Part 1: Vehicle functional safety Vhicules routiers aliments par pile combustible Spcifications de scurit Partie 1: Scurit fonctionnelle du vhicule BS ISO 23273-1:2006ii iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
9、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c
10、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in acco
11、rdance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requi
12、res approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 23273-1 was prepared by Techni
13、cal Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 21, Electrically propelled road vehicles. ISO 23273 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications: Part 1: Vehicle functional safety Part 2: Protection against hydrogen hazards for vehicl
14、es fuelled with compressed hydrogen Part 3: Protection of persons against electric shock BS ISO 23273-1:2006blank1Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications Part 1: Vehicle functional safety 1 Scope This part of ISO 23273 specifies the essential requirements for the functional safety of fuel cell
15、 (FCV) with respect to hazards to persons and the environment inside and outside of the vehicles caused by the operational characteristics of the fuel cell power system. This part of ISO 23273 does not apply to manufacturing, maintenance or repair of the vehicles. The requirements in this part of IS
16、O 23273 address both normal operating (fault free) condition and single fault conditions of the vehicles. This part of ISO 23273 applies only when the maximum working voltage of the on-board electrical circuits is lower than 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c. according to national or International Standards
17、 and/or legal requirements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
18、. ISO 8713, Electric road vehicles Vocabulary ISO 11451 (all parts), Road vehicles Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy ISO 23273-2, Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications Part 2: Protection against hydrogen hazards for vehicles fuel
19、led with compressed hydrogen ISO 23273-3, Fuel cell road vehicles Safety specifications Part 3: Protection of persons against electric shock 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 air processing system system that processes (i.e. fil
20、ters, meters, conditions and pressurizes) the incoming air for the fuel cell system 3.2 driving enabled mode only mode in which the vehicle can be moved by its own propulsion system BS ISO 23273-1:20062 3.3 fuel cell electrochemical device that generates electricity by the conversion of fuel and an
21、oxidant without any physical or chemical consumption of the electrodes or electrolyte 3.4 fuel cell power system combination of the fuel cell system, electric power converter(s), power unit and RESS, if any 3.5 fuel cell propulsion system combination of on-board fuel storage, fuel cell power system
22、and transmission 3.6 fuel cell stack assembly of two or more fuel cells, which are electrically connected 3.7 fuel cell system system typically containing the following subsystems: fuel cell stack, air processing system, fuel processing system, thermal management, water management and their control
23、system 3.8 fuel cell vehicle FCV vehicle that receives propulsion power from an on-board fuel cell power system NOTE The general term FCV also includes vehicles with an additional other source of propulsion power. 3.9 fuel processing system system that converts (if necessary), and/or conditions the
24、fuel as stored in the on-board fuel storage into fuel suitable for operation in the fuel cell stack 3.10 maximum working voltage highest value of a.c. voltage (rms) or d.c. voltage which may occur in an electric system under any normal operating conditions, according to manufacturers specifications,
25、 disregarding transients 3.11 power unit combination of electric motor, associated power electronics and their associated controls for the purpose of vehicle propulsion 3.12 purge process of eliminating unwanted gas constituents from a system 3.13 rechargeable energy storage system RESS system that
26、stores energy and is rechargeable by on-board and/or external energy sources and associated controls, if any EXAMPLE batteries, capacitors and electromechanical fly wheels. BS ISO 23273-1:200634 Environmental and operational conditions 4.1 General The requirements given in this part of ISO 23273 sha
27、ll be met across the range of environmental and operational conditions for which the vehicle is designed to operate, as specified by the vehicle manufacturer. 4.2 Electromagnetic compatibility 4.2.1 Susceptibility All electric assemblies on FCV, which could effect safe operation of the vehicle, shal
28、l be functionally tolerant of the electromagnetic environment to which the vehicle normally will be exposed. This includes fluctuating voltage and load conditions, and electrical transients. The FCV shall be tested according to the appropriate parts of ISO 11451. The reference field strength shall b
29、e according to national or international standards or legal requirements. 4.2.2 Emissions Care shall be taken to minimize electromagnetic emissions from the FCV, taking into account national or international standards (i.e. CISPR 22) or legal requirements. 5 Operational safety 5.1 Main switch functi
30、on 5.1.1 General A main switch function shall be provided so that the operator can disconnect traction power sources and shut off the fuel supply. The control for the main switch function shall be accessible similar to a conventional ignition switch, and shall be capable of being actuated by the dri
31、ver. See ISO 23273-2 and ISO 23273-3 for specific requirements. NOTE If deactivated by the main switch function, the fuel cell system may remain in a position to perform certain functions such as purge. 5.1.2 Fuel cell power system, power-on/power-off procedure For the power-on procedure of the FCV,
32、 at least two deliberate and distinctive actions shall be performed to go from the power-off mode to the driving enabled mode. Only one action is required to go from the driving enabled mode to the power-off mode. The power-on/off procedures may be performed using the same device as for the main swi
33、tch function. It shall be indicated to the driver, continuously or temporarily, that the fuel cell power system is ready for driving. After an automatic or manual turn-off of the fuel cell power system, it shall only be possible to reactivate it by the power-on procedure as described. BS ISO 23273-1
34、:20064 5.2 Driving 5.2.1 Indication of reduced power If the fuel cell power system is equipped with a means to automatically reduce the propulsion power, significant reductions should be indicated to the driver. NOTE Such means could limit the effects of a fault in the fuel cell power system or of a
35、n excessive power demand by the driver. 5.2.2 Driving backward If driving backward is achieved by reversing the rotational direction of the electric motor, the following requirements shall be met to prevent the danger of unintentional switching to backward direction when the vehicle is in motion: Sw
36、itching between forward and backward direction shall require: either two separate actions by the driver; or if only one action is required by the driver, a safety device that allows the transition only when the vehicle does not move or moves slowly as specified by the manufacturer. If driving backwa
37、rd is not achieved by reversing the rotational direction of the electric motor, then national or international standards or legal requirements, for vehicles propelled by internal combustion engines backward, shall apply. 5.3 Parking When leaving the vehicle, it shall be indicated to the driver if th
38、e fuel cell power system is still in the driving enabled mode. No unexpected movement of the vehicle shall be possible after the driver has switched to the power-off mode. 5.4 FCV crashworthiness Crashworthiness requirements for the FCV shall meet the applicable national or International Standards a
39、nd legal requirements. 6 Protection against failures 6.1 General vehicle safety 6.1.1 Fail safe design The design of systems and components specific to FCV shall consider fail-safe design for electric and hazardous fluid system controls. Electric circuits shall open and fuel shutoffs shall close to
40、isolate electric and fuel sources of the fuel cell power system. 6.1.2 First failure response Safety measures shall be provided to reduce hazards for persons caused by single-point hardware or software failures (first failures) in systems and components specific to FCVs, as identified in an appropri
41、ate hazard analysis performed by the vehicle manufacturer. Such hazard analysis may use a FMEA (failure mode and effect analysis), or a FTA (fault tree analysis), or another appropriate method. In particular, the potential hazards in 6.2 and 6.3 shall be avoided. BS ISO 23273-1:20065The safety measu
42、res shall include the ability to perform shutdowns safely when faults are detected that could lead to hazardous conditions. Safe shutdowns shall consider the operational state of the vehicle NOTE For examples and details with regard to safe shutdowns, see SAE J2578. 6.2 Unintentional vehicle behavio
43、ur Unintentional acceleration, deceleration and reversal of direction of the FCV shall be managed per 6.1.2. 6.3 Connections The electric and/or mechanical connectors shall be provided with means to prevent unexpected disconnection which could result in hazardous behaviour of the vehicle. 7 Owners g
44、uide or manual Special attention shall be drawn in the owners manual to aspects specific to FCVs. NOTE For examples, see SAE J2578. 8 Marking The vehicle shall be marked in accordance with national or International Standards or legal requirements. 9 Emergency response NOTE Guidance for appropriate e
45、mergency response can be found in SAE J2578. BS ISO 23273-1:20066 Bibliography 1 SAE J2578, Recommended practice for general fuel cell vehicle safety 2 CISPR 22, Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement (1987-11) BS ISO 23273-1:2006blankBS
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