1、BS ISO24454:2008ICS 83.060NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRubber Acquisitionand presentation ofcomparable multi-pointdataThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 August2008 BSI 2008I
2、SBN 978 0 580 58340 7Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 24454:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 24454:2008. Itsupersedes BS 903-4:2003 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommitte
3、e PRI/22, Physical testing of rubber.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British St
4、andard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 24454:2008Reference numberISO 24454:2008(E)ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO24454First edition2008-05-01Rubber Acquisition and presentation of comparable multi-point data Caoutchouc Acquisition et prsentation de donnes multiples comparables
5、 BS ISO 24454:2008ISO 24454:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the
6、 editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file ca
7、n be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretaria
8、t at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no Part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing fr
9、om either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO 24454:200
10、8ISO 24454:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Test piece preparation 2 5 Conditioning 2 6 Test requirements. 3 7 Mechanical properties 3 7.1 Tensile stress-strain. 3 7.2 Other properties 3 8 Viscoelast
11、ic properties. 3 8.1 Dynamic properties 3 8.2 Stress relaxation. 4 8.3 Creep 4 9 Degradation and environmental tests 4 9.1 Exposure to heat. 4 9.2 Resistance to liquids 5 9.3 Accelerated weathering . 5 9.4 Exposure to ozone 5 9.5 Fatigue . 5 10 Presentation of results. 5 Annex A (informative) Interp
12、retation of results. 9 Bibliography . 10 BS ISO 24454:2008ISO 24454:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is no
13、rmally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take Part in
14、 the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepa
15、re International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that so
16、me of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 24454 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis. BS ISO 24454:2008INT
17、ERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24454:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Rubber Acquisition and presentation of comparable multi-point data 1 Scope This International Standard identifies specific test procedures for the acquisition and presentation of comparable multi-point data for selected properties o
18、f rubber compounds. The data for each property are generated, using a single test method, as a function of important variables such as time, temperature and environmental effects. An important application of this International Standard consists in helping different suppliers produce material specifi
19、cation sheets in which the same set of properties is measured using the same conditions. Guidance on the interpretation of results is given in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edi
20、tion cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 37, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tensile stress-strain properties ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of hardness (hardness
21、between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD) ISO 815-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of compression set at ambient, elevated or low temperatures Part 1: At ambient or elevated temperatures ISO 1431-1, Rubber, vulcanized and thermoplastic Resistance to ozone cracking Part 1: Static and dynamic
22、strain testing ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized Determination of the effects of liquids ISO 2393, Rubber test mixes Preparation, mixing and vulcanization Equipment and procedures ISO 3384, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of stress relaxation in compression at ambient and elevated tempe
23、ratures ISO 4664-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of dynamic properties Part 1: General guidance ISO 4665, Rubber, vulcanized and thermoplastic Resistance to weathering ISO 6914, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of ageing characteristics by measurement of stress
24、relaxation ISO 6943, Rubber, vulcanized Determination of tension fatigue ISO 8013, Rubber, vulcanized Determination of creep in compression or shear BS ISO 24454:2008ISO 24454:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 11346, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Estimation of life-time and maximum tem
25、perature of use ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods ISO 24453, Rubber Acquisition and presentation of comparable single-point data 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions appl
26、y. 3.1 multi-point data data characterizing a rubber material by means of a number of test results for a property measured over a range of test conditions 3.2 indicative property property that has been selected to reveal the influence of an environment on a material through a comparison of measureme
27、nts of the property before and after exposure 4 Test piece preparation Where relevant, materials for test shall be prepared, mixed and moulded following the general principles given in ISO 2393. The detailed conditions used shall be as recommended by the manufacturer of the rubber compound and shall
28、, for each of the processing steps, be the same for each test piece except that different cure times may be used for different sized test pieces. The equipment, mixing cycle and conditions used for moulding shall be given in the test report. The final preparation of test pieces (for example stamping
29、 from sheet) shall be in accordance with the relevant test method standard. The properties of a rubber compound can vary depending on the processing procedures used and this should be taken into account when comparing materials. To maximize the usefulness of results, processing conditions should be
30、representative of those used in production. 5 Conditioning The time between mixing and moulding shall be between 24 h and one week. The time between moulding and conditioning shall be between 16 h and four weeks. Recommendations for storage of vulcanized rubber products are given in ISO 2230. Test p
31、ieces shall be conditioned in accordance with the relevant test method standard. Where this refers to standard laboratory conditions of temperature and/or humidity, these are taken to mean (23 2) C and 50 % RH. NOTE If tests are carried out at the alternative standard laboratory temperature of (27 2
32、) C, the results will not be strictly comparable unless adjusted by the known relationship of the property with temperature. BS ISO 24454:2008ISO 24454:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3For tests at temperatures other than (23 2) C, where specific instructions are not included in the test method
33、 standard, condition the test pieces at the temperature at which the test is to be conducted for a period sufficient to enable test pieces to attain substantial equilibrium in accordance with ISO 23529. Details of the conditioning used shall be given in the test report. 6 Test requirements Obtain mu
34、lti-point data, as required, in accordance with Clauses 7 to 9. NOTE Properties of rubbers generally vary significantly with temperature and, because service temperatures can cover a wide range, temperature is an important and commonly used variable for the generation of multi-point data. It is the
35、main variable used in this International Standard for short-term properties. Short-term mechanical properties also depend on the frequency of the applied stress or strain, and hence data obtained with frequency as the variable are important for dynamic applications. Additionally, dynamic response is
36、 generally amplitude-dependent. Properties will vary over time due to viscoelastic and/or degradation effects, and hence data obtained with time as the variable are essential for understanding the long-term behaviour of rubbers. Generally, the effects of time are required in combination with the eff
37、ect of temperature and/or other accelerating agents such as fluids, ultraviolet light and repeated mechanical stress. The main variables specified in this International Standard for stress relaxation, creep and degradation tests have been chosen to reflect the data that is generally most useful with
38、 respect to service applications. For all properties, the value of data generated will be increased by extending the levels of the main variable or by testing as a function of additional variables. 7 Mechanical properties 7.1 Tensile stress-strain Test in accordance with ISO 37 using type 1 or 1A du
39、mbbells at a speed of 500 mm/min. Obtain stress-strain data at a series of temperatures chosen to be integral multiples of 10 C, replacing 20 C by 23 C. Obtain data at a minimum of six temperatures, one of which shall be 23 C. The range used shall be representative of the intended service environmen
40、t. 7.2 Other properties Test other mechanical properties listed in ISO 24453 as a function of temperature in the same manner as tensile stress-strain properties. 8 Viscoelastic properties 8.1 Dynamic properties Test in accordance with ISO 4664-1 in shear mode. NOTE 1 These conditions are most conven
41、iently achieved by using a dynamic mechanical thermal analyser (DMTA) with automatic temperature and frequency scanning. BS ISO 24454:2008ISO 24454:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reservedObtain dynamic property data at a series of temperatures chosen to be integral multiples of 10 C, replacing 20 C b
42、y 23 C. Obtain data at a minimum of six temperatures, one of which shall be 23 C. At each temperature obtain data at frequencies of 0,1 Hz, 1 Hz, 10 Hz and 100 Hz using a strain amplitude of 2 % and zero prestrain. NOTE 2 For DMTA apparatus used in shear mode, the lowest temperature will usually nee
43、d to be above the glass transition temperature of the rubber. To investigate the effect of strain, carry out amplitude tests over a series of strains selected from those given in ISO 4664-1. 8.2 Stress relaxation Test in accordance with ISO 3384, Method A, with the standard cylinder test piece. Obta
44、in measures of the stress relaxation after 167 h at a series of temperatures chosen to be integral multiples of 10 C, replacing 20 C by 23 C. Obtain data at a minimum of four temperatures, starting at 23 C. NOTE Further data may be provided by continuing the relaxation for longer than 167 h. 8.3 Cre
45、ep Test in accordance with ISO 8013 using the type A test piece and applying mechanical conditioning. Obtain measures of the creep increment after 167 h at a series of temperatures chosen to be integral multiples of 10 C, replacing 20 C by 23 C. Obtain data at a minimum of four temperatures, startin
46、g at 23 C. NOTE Further data may be provided by continuing the creep for longer than 167 h. ISO 8013 specifies choosing a stress to give 20 % initial strain. If required, data may also be obtained at additional stress levels. 9 Degradation and environmental tests 9.1 Exposure to heat Test in accorda
47、nce with ISO 11346, selecting indicative properties relevant to the intended application. The basic indicative properties commonly used are hardness, in accordance with ISO 48, tensile stress-strain properties, in accordance with ISO 37, and compression set, in accordance with ISO 815-1. The preferr
48、ed procedure for obtaining data on the change in tensile “modulus” (stress relaxation) is to test in accordance with ISO 6914 using Method B or C. The choice of test piece and test conditions for indicative properties shall be, where relevant, in accordance with ISO 24453 (single-point data), except
49、 that for hardness the micro-method should be used. Obtain measures of the indicative properties as a function of time at a series of temperatures and process these data as specified in ISO 11346 using either the Arrhenius or WLF procedures. Derive the maximum temperature of use after 20 000 h T(20000). Because the form of the relation between property and time will vary with the material and property in question, the threshold value to be used has not been specified. Where approp
