1、Guidelines for assessing the adverse environmental impact of fire effluentsPart 2: Methodology for compiling data on environmentally significant emissions from firesBS ISO 263672:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Guidelines for assessing th
2、e adverse environmental impact of fire effluents Part 2: Methodology for compiling data on environmentally significant emissions from firesLignes directrices pour dterminer limpact environnemental des effluents du feu Partie 2: Mthodologie pour compiler les donnes relatives aux missions des feux aya
3、nt un impact significatif sur lenvironnementINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO26367-2First edition2017-07Reference numberISO 26367-2:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 263672:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee FSH/16, H
4、azards to life from fire.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 201
5、7 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 83202 4ICS 13.220.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2017.Amendments/corrigen
6、da issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 263672:2017 ISO 2017Guidelines for assessing the adverse environmental impact of fire effluents Part 2: Methodology for compiling data on environmentally significant emissions from firesLignes directrices pour dterminer limpact envi
7、ronnemental des effluents du feu Partie 2: Mthodologie pour compiler les donnes relatives aux missions des feux ayant un impact significatif sur lenvironnementINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO26367-2First edition2017-07Reference numberISO 26367-2:2017(E)BS ISO 263672:2017ISO 26367-2:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All r
8、ights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet
9、or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrighti
10、so.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 263672:2017ISO 26367-2:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electr
11、onic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier,
12、 Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO 26367-2:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 23 Terms and definitions . 24 Use of this document and prerequisites 44.1 Use of this document . 44.2 Prerequisites . 45 Identificatio
13、n of data needs 45.1 Data quality objectives . 45.2 Sampling programme design 56 Selection of pollutants 66.1 General . 66.2 Indicators and pollutants . 66.3 Documentation of procedures . 77 Reporting 87.1 Intent of the report 87.2 Scope of the report 97.3 Description of incident . 97.4 Characteriza
14、tion of contamination levels . 107.5 Evaluation . 107.6 Findings 10Annex A (informative) Examples of levels of pollutants found from fires 12Annex B (informative) Background information on pollutants 18Annex C (informative) Detailed information on PAH, dioxins and furans, and PCB .22Annex D (informa
15、tive) Compilation of environmentally significant emissions from fires .26Bibliography .42 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 263672:2017ISO 26367-2:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO mem
16、ber bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmen
17、tal and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance
18、are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention
19、 is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and
20、/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms an
21、d expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92,
22、 Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire threat to people and environment.A list of all parts in the ISO 26367 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 263672:2017ISO 26367-2:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide feder
23、ation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that commit
24、tee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and
25、those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
26、2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of t
27、he document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of stan
28、dards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was
29、 prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire threat to people and environment.A list of all parts in the ISO 26367 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 26367-2:2017(E)IntroductionPollution of indoor and outdoor environments by
30、 complex mixtures of physical and chemical combustion products is a causative agent of human health and environmental problems on a global scale. Uncontrolled and incomplete combustion processes are responsible for the emission of chemical and physical pollutants in quantities that affect humans and
31、 the environment. This problem is severe, not only in industrialized regions, but also in less developed, predominantly agricultural areas where people depend on biomass as fuel for cooking, heating and lighting.General awareness of the fact that fires can present acute and persistent adverse effect
32、s on the environment has been accentuated by a number of high impact incidents over the past half century. Annex A contains a limited number of examples of emissions associated with various types of fires which could be expected to affect the environment adversely. These examples should not be consi
33、dered as describing typical observations as fires and fire impacts are generally not comparable.The serious consequences of such events have confirmed that the environmental impact of fires is an international issue that urgently needs to be dealt with globally and systematically. The ISO 26367 seri
34、es of International Standards provides a framework for a common treatment of the environmental impact of fires in answer to this pressing need.This document provides methods for the compilation of relevant data for assessing damage after a fire and for use in environmental fire hazard and risk asses
35、sments.In view of the fact that relevant quantitative data on environmentally hazardous components of fire effluents cannot routinely be obtained from accidental fires, appropriate data may also be obtained from real-scale fire tests and simulations involving physical fire models.The Sixth EC Enviro
36、nmental Action Programme, Environment 2010: Our Future, Our Choice spells out the objective of controlling levels of man-made chemicals so that they do not give rise to significant adverse impacts on human health or the environment1. In the case of eco-toxicity indicators, toxicity impact potential
37、(TIP) characterization factors are used and are often developed using a multimedia environmental fate model to predict the movement and distribution of a given substance in environmental regions of interest2.In the case of organohalogen compounds that are known to have natural as well as man-made so
38、urces, TIP characterization can be difficult, a fact acknowledged by the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR) in quality status report, QSR 2000, as follows: “Many substances occur naturally in soils, plants and animals. It is therefore important
39、 to distinguish between the natural concentrations and fluxes of these substances and the extent to which they are augmented by human activities. Such distinctions are essential if informed decisions are to be made regarding the management of contaminants”3.This document is principally intended for
40、use by the following parties: environmental regulatory authorities, fire fighters and investigators, storage facility operators, materials and product manufacturers, property owners, and public health authorities. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO 263672:2017Guidelines for assessing the adverse e
41、nvironmental impact of fire effluents Part 2: Methodology for compiling data on environmentally significant emissions from fires1 ScopeThis document specifies a methodology for compiling the information needed to assess the environmental damage caused by a fire incident. This includes conducting a s
42、ite reconnaissance, establishing data quality objectives and designing sampling programmes. This document also provides a standardized method for reporting the results of the compilation and findings of the analyses, for use in contingency planning or for the assessment of the potential adverse envi
43、ronmental impact of a specific fire incident. This document does not include specific instruction on sampling and analysis of fire effluents. Sampling and analysis are the focus of a future document in the ISO 26367 series. This document is applicable to uncontrolled fires, including fires in commer
44、cial and domestic premises, unenclosed commercial sites, agricultural storage sites, wildland and forest fires, as well as fires involving road, rail and maritime transport systems.This document focuses on the fire effluents that are environmentally significant, including pollutants causing short-te
45、rm effects (e.g. pollutants causing biotope damage and components of smog) and long-term effects (e.g. persistent organic pollutants, POP). Since it is not possible to treat all potential pollutants that could be found in fire effluents in a single document, a list of those pollutants specifically a
46、ddressed in this document is given below:a) pollutants with short-term effects: halogenated acids (HX), metals, nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulates, and sulfur oxides (SOx);b) pollutants with long-term effects: metals, particulates, perfluorinated compounds (PFC), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), po
47、lychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), and polyhalogenated dioxins and furans (PXDD/PXDF).The reporting template provided in Annex D proposes additional potential pollutants and indicators for inclusion in the compilation. Not all of the pollutants and indicators listed in Table D.1 are relevant to every fi
48、re site, and others not mentioned in the table can apply.This document does not include direct acute toxicity issues on humans, which are covered by other standards, such as ISO 13344 and ISO 13571.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26367-2:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 263672:2017Guidelines
49、for assessing the adverse environmental impact of fire effluents Part 2: Methodology for compiling data on environmentally significant emissions from fires1 ScopeThis document specifies a methodology for compiling the information needed to assess the environmental damage caused by a fire incident. This includes conducting a site reconnaissance, establishing data quality objectives and designing sampling programmes. This document also provides a standardized method for reporting the results of the compilation and finding
