1、BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 5489:2008Ships and marine technology Embarkation laddersICS 47.020.50g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS ISO 5
2、489:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 53894 0National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 5489:2008. It supersedes BS MA 90:1980 ISO 5489:1979 which is withdrawn
3、.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee SME/32, Ships and marine technology Steering committee, to Panel SME/32/-/1, Lifesaving and fire protection.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication
4、 does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments. Reference numberISO 5489:2008(E)IN
5、TERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO5489Third edition2008-03-01Ships and marine technology Embarkation ladders Navires et technologie marine chelles dembarcation BS ISO 5489:2008ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Materials .1 3.1 Wooden parts.1 3.2 Side ropes.1 3
6、.3 Metallic materials.2 3.4 Mechanical fastening devices 2 3.5 Plastic materials.2 3.6 Quality of materials2 3.7 Rope seizing.2 4 Construction.2 5 Testing for approval 6 6 Designation 8 7 Marking .9 8 Production tests and inspections9 9 Maintenance .9 Annex A (informative) Recommended production tes
7、ts and inspections 10 BS ISO 5489:2008iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member b
8、ody interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electro
9、technical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
10、by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent r
11、ights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5489 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 1, Lifesaving and fire protection. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5489:1986) of
12、 which it constitutes a complete revision in order to take into account new designs and manufacturing methods for embarkation ladders which have entered the market since 1986. BS ISO 5489:2008vIntroduction This International Standard is intended to supplement existing International Maritime Organiza
13、tion (IMO) requirements for embarkation ladders. Since IMO instruments do not include specific requirements for prototype testing of embarkation ladders for approval, those tests included in this International Standard are in excess of the existing IMO requirements. The inclusion of these tests was
14、considered necessary in order to provide a means of ensuring conformance of embarkation ladders with the performance requirements prescribed in IMO instruments and in this International Standard. BS ISO 5489:2008blank1Ships and marine technology Embarkation ladders 1 Scope This International Standar
15、d specifies requirements for a ships embarkation ladder that is provided to enable safe embarkation of waterborne survival craft along a vertical portion of the ships hull. It is applicable to merchant ships required to carry embarkation ladders under Chapter III of the 1974 International Convention
16、 for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), as amended. National maritime safety administrations are urged to accept ladders complying with this International Standard on their ships, as complying fully with the requirements of SOLAS. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe
17、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 209-1:1989, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys Chemical composition and forms of produc
18、ts Part 1: Chemical composition ISO 877:1994, Plastics Methods of exposure to direct weathering, to weathering using glass-filtered daylight, and to intensified weathering by daylight using Fresnel mirrors ISO 1461:1999, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles Specification
19、s and test methods 3 Materials 3.1 Wooden parts Each wooden part shall be made of a hardwood (e.g. ash, oak, elm, beech, teak or apitong) free from knots. 3.2 Side ropes 3.2.1 Each side rope shall be mildew-resistant manila rope or a spun thermoset polyester rope with a polypropylene core of a colou
20、r that contrasts with the spun polyester. Each side rope shall have a breaking strength of at least 24 kN, and a nominal diameter of 18 mm (57 mm circumference). 3.2.2 Alternative side ropes of synthetic material may be used if they: a) meet the breaking strength and size requirements of 3.2.1; b) a
21、re at least as resistant to elongation under load as the standard ropes described in 3.2.1; c) have an exterior surface suitable for grasping with bare hands, similar to manila or spun polyester; d) are of a thermosetting polymer, resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light; e) provide a visua
22、l indication of excessive wear, similar to the spun polyester/polypropylene construction described in 3.2.1. BS ISO 5489:20082 3.3 Metallic materials 3.3.1 Each metal fastener shall be made of a material which is inherently corrosion-resistant, or treated to be corrosion-resistant. 3.3.2 Each ferrou
23、s metal part that is not of stainless steel, shall be coated in accordance with ISO 1461. 3.3.3 Each stainless steel part shall be of a marine grade alloy with a corrosion resistance at least equal to grade 3161). 3.3.4 Each aluminium part shall be 5254 or 5652 alloy, or other grade containing not m
24、ore than 0,06 % copper, in accordance with ISO 209-1:1989. 3.3.5 Metals in contact with each other shall be galvanically compatible or insulated to prevent galvanic corrosion in a marine environment. 3.4 Mechanical fastening devices Each mechanical fastening device securing a part of a ladder shall
25、have a locking mechanism to prevent the device from loosening. 3.5 Plastic materials Each plastic material shall be of a type that retains at least 30 % of its original tensile strength and at least 80 % of its original impact strength when subjected to the one year outdoor weathering test described
26、 in Method A of ISO 877:1994. 3.6 Quality of materials Each part of a ladder shall be free of splinters, burrs, sharp edges, corners, projections or other defects that could injure a person using the ladder. 3.7 Rope seizing Seizing, if used, shall consist of two- or three-ply marline of minimum bre
27、aking strength 800 N, or other suitable material of equivalent strength. 4 Construction 4.1 Each ladder shall have two side ropes on each side. Ladders may also be constructed as three-string ladders with a third set of ropes in the middle of the ladder as illustrated in Figure 1. In a three-string
28、ladder, the third set of ropes shall meet the same requirements as the side ropes. Each step in the ladder shall be supported by each side rope. 1) See Iron b) not be painted or otherwise coated or covered. 4.3 Unless a special arrangement is needed for a custom installation, the ends of the side ro
29、pes shall be finished as follows. a) The top end of one or both of the side ropes on each side shall terminate just above the top step in a single eye splice or thimble large enough to accommodate at least two passes of side rope. b) The top end of one side rope on each side of the ladder shall exte
30、nd at least 3 m beyond the top ladder step, or an extension service rope shall be fitted to each side rope eye splice or thimble by means of an eye splice or shackle, as shown in Figure 2. The diameter of an extension service rope shall be at least the diameter of the side ropes. c) The side ropes s
31、hall not have fittings or form loops at the bottom of the ladder that can be used to attach additional ladder sections or tripping lines. d) The ends of each side rope which do not terminate in a splice or fitting, shall be served or otherwise treated to prevent fraying. BS ISO 5489:20084 Dimensions
32、 in millimetres Key 1 extension service rope 2 rope seizing (typical) 3 step fixture 4 mechanical clamping device 5 step Figure 2 Alternative extension service rope arrangements at top of ladder 4.4 Each side rope shall pass through a hole in each step. If the hole is in the form of a slot, the slot
33、 shall be in the longer edges of the steps. The centre of each hole shall be at least 50 mm from the end of the step. Alternative arrangements are shown in Figure 3. 4.5 Each pair of side ropes shall be secured together both above and below each step with a mechanical clamping device or seizing meth
34、od which holds each step level when the ladder is hanging freely. Alternative arrangements are shown in Figure 4. 4.6 If a mechanical clamping device is used to secure the side ropes and hold the step in place, the device shall not extend above or below the step surfaces by more than a distance equa
35、l to 0,7 W (where W is the width of the step), so that the step is not prevented from rolling if caught between a boat and the hull of the ship. See Figure 4. BS ISO 5489:20085Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 grooved, patterned or textured non-skid surface area Figure 3 Typical ladder step showing al
36、ternative hole and slot designs for side ropes a) mechanical clamps b) seizings and step fixtures Key 1 rope seizing (typical) 2 step fixture a Typical value.Figure 4 Alternate ladder constructions using mechanical clamps and seizings and step fixtures BS ISO 5489:20086 4.7 If a seizing method is us
37、ed to secure steps and side ropes, a step fixture shall be used above and below the step. The step fixture shall be designed to lead and support the side ropes from the step to the point above or below the step where the side ropes are seized together. The step fixture shall be designed so that it s
38、tays in place when the ladder is rolled or the step is turned. 4.8 The clear space between the side ropes on one side of the ladder and those on the other side shall be at least 400 mm. This distance shall be uniform throughout the length of the ladder. See Figure 3. 4.9 Each side rope shall be arra
39、nged so that, when the ladder is in use along the vertical hull of a ship, the side rope cannot come into contact with the ships side. 4.10 The spacing from the top of one step to the top of the next step shall be 330 mm 20 mm, and shall be uniform throughout the length of the ladder. See Figure 4.
40、4.11 Each step shall be of one-piece construction, of either wood or resilient plastic or rubber material complying with the applicable requirements of Clause 3. 4.12 The top face of each step shall have a rectangular surface that is at least 115 mm wide with a surface that is grooved, patterned or
41、of a textured non-skid type. The step surface shall be designed so that it does not retain water. A textured non-skid surface shall be moulded into the step or adhered directly to it. Non-skid adhesive sheeting may not be used. See Figure 3. 4.13 Each step shall be at least 25 mm thick at its thinne
42、st point. In determining this thickness, the depth of grooves in the top face of the step, the diameter of any hole extending from one side of the step to the other, and the thickness of any non-skid treatment shall not be included. See Figure 3. 4.14 Each step shall be arranged so that it can bear
43、on the vertical hull of the ship when the ladder is in use. 4.15 The manufacturer shall offer replacement steps for the ladder, which can replace a removed step without the need for unstringing and restringing the ladder. Replacement steps shall meet all of the requirements in this International Sta
44、ndard for steps, and each step shall be supplied with all parts necessary to install the step in the ladder. 4.16 Each embarkation ladder shall be capable of being rolled up for storage. Each ladder shall be capable of unrolling freely and hanging vertically. 5 Testing for approval Before approval o
45、f a ladder design by a maritime safety administration as complying with this International Standard, a prototype ladder and its components shall be subjected to the tests and meet the criteria specified in Table 1. Any step or other part of the ladder which is permanently deformed as a result of tes
46、ting shall not be used in a ladder which is placed in service. BS ISO 5489:20087Table 1 Prototype tests Test Item to be tested Test procedure Acceptance criteria Visual examination Fully assembled ladder. Compare to construction requirements in Clause 4, and the manufacturers drawings. The ladder sh
47、all comply with the construction requirements in Clause 4, and be constructed in accordance with the manufacturers drawings. Step flexibility Six steps, which shall include at least one of each different type, including replacement steps, if different from steps used in the ladders original construc
48、tion. Place each step on a pair of supports located where the side ropes would normally pass through the step. Apply a static load uniformly for a period of at least 1 min over a 100 mm wide contact area at the centre of the step. The load shall be 3,0 kN. Deflection at the centre of the step shall
49、not exceed 25 mm under load. There shall be no residual deflection after the load is removed and the step is allowed to recover. Step friction One step of each different material of construction and step surface design. One reference step constructed of clean oak, 115 mm wide and 480 mm long. The step surface shall have grooves 3 mm wide, 3 mm deep and 15 mm apart. The grooves shall run parallel to each other and parallel to the long edge of the step. One metal block of a mass between 1,5 kg and 3,0 kg. The metal block shall have a flat surface no more th
