1、BS ISO 6310:2009ICS 43.040.40NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRoad vehicles Brakelinings Compressivestrain test methodsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 July 2009 BSI 2009ISBN
2、978 0 580 58912 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 6310:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 6310:2009. Itsupersedes BS AU 142:1968 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee AUE
3、/11, Braking systems.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot co
4、nfer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 6310:2009Reference numberISO 6310:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO6310Third edition2009-07-01Road vehicles Brake linings Compressive strain test methods Vhicules routiers Garnitures de freins Mthode dessai de la compressibilit BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6
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8、elow. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the add
9、ress below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedBS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 200
10、9 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Symbols and units 2 5 Principles. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Test method A Coupon sample and/or airbrake pad 4 5.3 Test method B Hydraulic disc brake pad assembly. 4 6 Test
11、 apparatus 4 7 Test stand specifications. 5 7.1 Loading 5 7.2 Heated platen 5 7.3 Loading ram 5 8 Sampling 6 9 Test method. 6 9.1 General set-up. 6 9.2 Room temperature compressibility test. 6 9.3 Temperature transfer and thermal expansion measurements. 7 9.4 Hot compressibility test . 7 10 Test dev
12、ice deflection compensation. 7 11 Verification of the test stand using reference samples 8 12 Test report . 8 Annex A (informative) Example test report 13 BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
13、federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that c
14、ommittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in acco
15、rdance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requi
16、res approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6310 was prepared by Technical
17、 Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 2, Braking systems and equipment. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6310:2001), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction The compressive response
18、of a brake lining or pad is an important design parameter. It is useful for the evaluation of brake fluid displacement during a brake application, brake-pedal travel and the propensity of the brake for generating judder or noise. It is also part of the brake pad characterization and a parameter for
19、quality control. The purpose of the test methods described in this International Standard is to evaluate the compressive response or “compressibility” of friction materials or brake pad assemblies. The tests measure compressibility at ambient and elevated temperatures. During the elevated temperatur
20、e portion of the test, the thermal transmission and response of the brake pad assembly are measured. BS ISO 6310:2009BS ISO 6310:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Road vehicles Brake linings Compressive strain test methods 1 Scope This International Standard s
21、pecifies a method for test and measurement of the compressive displacement of brake linings or brake pad assemblies due to loading and temperature. It also provides a test method to assess lining thermal swell and growth. This International Standard applies to disc brake pad assemblies or coupon sam
22、ples cut from the friction material. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments
23、) applies. ISO 611, Road vehicles Braking of automotive vehicles and their trailers Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 611 and the following apply. 3.1 compressibility C change in pad thickness or deflection, caused by a uniax
24、ial compression load during the final loading cycle, to the maximum test pressure, which is measured in the same direction as the compression force, perpendicular to the friction surface 3.2 compressive strain ratio of the reduction in thickness of the brake lining, due to the compression load, to i
25、ts initial thickness, which is measured in the direction of the application force, perpendicular to the friction surface BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3.3 deflection D net deflection of the sample as a result of the subtraction of the deflection of the apparatus itse
26、lf from the total deflection measured by the apparatus D = Dtot Dappwhere Dtotis the total deflection measured by the apparatus; Dappis the deflection of the apparatus itself 3.4 friction material contact area A0measure of the area of friction material that carries the test load NOTE It is advisable
27、 that slots, chamfers and any other features be accounted for in determining A0. 3.5 hot compressibility C400compressibility with a heated platen temperature of 400 C 3.6 temperature transfer TTtemperature rise at the backing plate of a brake pad assembly after the friction surface has been in conta
28、ct with the heating plate at (400 10) C for a given period at a given pressure TT= T3 T2where T3is the final temperature of the backing plate during the hot test; T2is the initial temperature of the backing plate for the hot test 3.7 pad thermal growth dGpermanent change in thickness of the sample a
29、fter the friction surface has been in contact with the heating plate at (400 10) C for a given period at a given pressure and then cooled down to room temperature 3.8 pad thermal swell dSchange in thickness of the sample after the friction surface has been in contact with the heating plate at (400 1
30、0) C for a given period at a given pressure 4 Symbols and units Table 1 lists the symbols and corresponding units used in this International Standard. BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3Table 1 Symbols and units Symbol Definition Unit Accuracy A0friction material contact
31、area cm20,5 cm2C compressibility am 1 mC400hot compressibility m 1 m d average thickness of coupon sample bmm 0,1 mmdGpad growth or thermal expansion back at ambient temperature m 1 m dSpad swell or thermal expansion m 1 m D net deflection of test sample cm 1 mDappdeflection of the test apparatus it
32、self at pAdm 1 mDtottotal deflection measured by the test apparatus at the maximum test pressure m 1 m FBpre-load MPa e1 % fFPtest load MPa e1 % fpA test pressure at sample contact area or unit area pressure gMPae1 % fpDsimulated hydraulic line pressure hMPae1 % fT1test temperature of the heating pl
33、ate for hot test C 2 C T2initial temperature of the backing plate for hot test C 2 C T3final temperature of the backing plate during hot test C 2 C TTtemperature transfer C 2 % pAcompressive strain at pAi 0,000 2 aD at pD. Used in test method B. bAverage of five measurements. cDtot Dapp. dNo sample
34、installed. e1 bar = 0,1 MPa. f1 % full-span accuracy. gTest method A. hTest method B. iD/d. Used in test method A. 5 Principles 5.1 General The test measures either: the compressive strain of a friction material coupon (test method A), or the compressive deflection of a brake pad assembly (test meth
35、od B). Depending upon the type of sample, one of two alternative test methods is followed for applying the test load. Test results from test method A and test method B should not be directly compared. BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved5.2 Test method A Coupon sample and/
36、or airbrake pad Test method A loads a sample coupon to the force required to achieve a unit-area pressure at the contact interface. Test method A can be used to assess pad materials for drum brake assemblies, commercial vehicle disc or drum brakes and material coupons for research and development pu
37、rposes. For large pads used on a commercial vehicle, measure the compressive strain at the left and the right halves separately or use a segment cut in the radial direction. In other cases, sample sizes should be large enough to account for material not being homogeneous. Surfaces of coupon samples
38、should be flat and parallel. Unless otherwise specified, report the compressive strain value, pA. 5.3 Test method B Hydraulic disc brake pad assembly Test method B loads the brake lining assembly to simulate a hydraulic line pressure of 10 MPa (100 bar) or 16 MPa (160 bar). NOTE In common practice,
39、the line pressure is expressed in bar in order to differentiate it from the face pressure at the contact area. Test method B is typically used for passenger car and light truck hydraulic disc brake pad assemblies. Unless otherwise specified, report the compressive deflection or compressibility value
40、, C, in m. 6 Test apparatus The test apparatus shall consist of the following. 6.1 Compressibility test-stand or uniaxial material-testing load frame to provide a uniform load over the surface of the test sample. 6.2 Loading cylinder to simulate a calliper piston configuration for test method B; a l
41、oading ram surface larger than the sample contact area for test method A. 6.3 Compression platen. 6.4 Device to measure the applied compression force to an accuracy of 1 % of full-scale of the test apparatus. 6.5 Gauge to measure the time-based deflection of the sample with an accuracy of 0,001 mm.
42、Position the gauge on the loading cylinder or on the platen and in contact with the loading ram as near to its centre line as possible. 6.6 Recording device or computer to log load, pressure, displacements and temperatures as function of time. 6.7 Heating device to raise the temperature of the plate
43、n to a specified temperature. 6.8 Thermocouple (1,5 mm diameter recommended) to measure the temperature of the platen. The position of the thermocouple should be as close as possible to the centre line of the loading ram and embedded 3 mm below the test surface of the platen. 6.9 Thermocouple or dev
44、ice to measure the temperature of the test sample. 6.10 Micrometer to measure sample thickness. BS ISO 6310:2009ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 57 Test stand specifications 7.1 Loading 7.1.1 Test method A Recommended maximum pressure and pressure ramp rates are listed in Table 2. When
45、determining actual sample contact area and contact face pressure, remove the areas of any slots, chamfers and holes. Table 2 Maximum contact face pressure and ramp rates for test method A Type of brake assembly Maximum pressure at contact interface MPa Apply pressure ramp rate MPa/s Apply rate in cr
46、osshead speed control mm/min Commercial vehicle disc 8 a4,0 0,5 15 Commercial vehicle drum 5 2,5 0,5 10 Drum brake linings 3 1,5 0,5 6 aFor large pads, 5 MPa is an alternative pressure used. 7.1.2 Test method B Apply a force corresponding to a simulated hydraulic line pressure of 10 MPa (100 bar) or
47、 16 MPa (160 bar). The pressure used shall be clearly identified on the test report. The recommended loading rate is 8 MPa/s (80 bar/s) simulated line pressure when testing in constant loading rate control, or 15 mm/min when testing in crosshead speed control. 7.2 Heated platen For the hot test, the
48、 test temperature of the heating plate, T1, on the surface shall be (400 10) C. 7.3 Loading ram 7.3.1 Test method A Coupon sample The face of the loading ram shall be flat and the periphery shall at least circumscribe the periphery of the sample in order to distribute the load uniformly over the sur
49、face (see Figure 1). To calculate the unit-area pressure, use the actual friction material area in contact with the mating face. For commercial vehicle (CV) pads, the standard loading ram is an annular piston shape with a 60 mm outer diameter and a 50 mm inner ring diameter. 7.3.2 Test method B Disc brake pad assembly A fixture representing a piston is introduced between the ram and the friction material pad, such that the loading surface has the
