1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationInformation technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabularyPart 4: General terms relating to radio communicationsBS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2
2、008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeIST/34, Automatic identification and data capture techniques.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
3、 request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 56599 1 ICS 35.040Compliance with a Brit
4、ish Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008Reference number
5、ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E)ISO/IEC 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO/IEC 19762-4First edition 2008-06-15Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 4: General terms relating to radio communicationsTechnologies de linformation Techniques autom
6、atiques didentification et de saisie de donnes (AIDC) Vocabulaire harmonis Partie 4: Termes gnraux relatifs aux communications radio BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E)PDF disclaimerThis PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy,this file may be p
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9、s suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely eventthat a problem relating to it isfound, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduc
10、ed or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO atthe address below or ISOs member body in the country ofthe requester.ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01
11、11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org ii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword ivIntroduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Classification of entries . 1 3 Terms and definitions. . 1 4 Abbr
12、eviations 22 Bibliography. 24 Index 25BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E)iv ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization.
13、National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual inte
14、rest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with
15、 the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requi
16、res approval byat least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying anyor all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 19762-4 was prepar
17、ed by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. ISO/IEC 19762 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques H
18、armonized vocabulary: Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC Part 2: Optically readable media (ORM) Part 3: Radio frequency identification (RFID) Part 4: General terms relating to radio communications Part 5: Locating systems BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights res
19、erved vIntroduction ISO/IEC 19762 is intended to facilitate international communication in information technology, specificallyin the area of automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques. It provides a listing of terms and definitions used acrossmultiple AIDC techniques. Abbreviations
20、 used within each part of ISO/IEC 19762 and an index ofall definitions used within each part of ISO/IEC 19762 are found at the end of the relevant part. BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 1Information technology Automatic identifica
21、tion and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 4: General terms relating to radio communications1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 19762 provides general terms and definitions relating to radio communications in the area of automatic identification and data capture techniques. This glo
22、ssary of terms enables the communication between non-specialist users and specialists in radio communications through a common understanding of basic and advanced concepts. 2 Classification of entries The numbering system employed within ISO/IEC 19762 is in the format nn.nn.nnn, in which the first t
23、wo numbers (nn.nn.nnn) represent the “Top Level” reflecting whether the term is related to 01 = common to allAIDC techniques, 02 = common to all optically readable media, 03 = linear bar code symbols, 04 = two-dimensional symbols, 05 = radio frequency identification, 06 = general terms relating to r
24、adio, 07 = real time locating systems, and 08 = MIIM. The second two numbers (nn.nn.nnn) represent the “Mid Level” reflecting whether the term is relatedto 01 = basic concepts/data, 02 = technical features, 03 symbology, 04= hardware, and 05 = applications. The third two or three numbers (nn.nn.nnn)
25、 represent the “Fine” reflecting a sequence of terms.The numbering in this part of ISO/IEC 19762 employs“Top Level” numbers (nn.nn.nnn) of 06. 3 Terms and definitions 06.01.01 radio frequency frequency of a periodic radio wave or of the corresponding periodical electrical oscillation NOTE This term
26、and its abbreviation may qualify an electrical device for generating or collecting radiated waves. IEC 60050-713:1998, 713-06-02 NOTE Radio Frequency (RF) (in RID). Radio frequency between 30 Hz and 3 GHz.06.01.02 radio frequency data communication RF/DC system bywhich remote devices communicate wit
27、h a host computer via a radio linkNOTE 1 Hand-held readers can send the information collected back to a controlling process without the need for fixed wiring for thedata cables. NOTE 2 One common use for RF/DC is on forklift trucks. BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E)2 ISO/IEC 2008 All ri
28、ghts reserved06.01.03 electromagnetic field field characterizing the electric and magnetic conditions of a material medium or of vacuum, defined bythe following set of four vectorquantities: E: electric field (vector) D: electric flux density (vector) H: magnetic field (vector) B: magnetic flux dens
29、ity (vector)NOTE Adapted from IEC 50 (705):1995, 705-01-07. Figure 1 Electromagnetic field06.01.04 air interface conductor-free medium, usually air, between a transmitter and the receiver through which communication, e.g. data and telemetry, is achieved by means of a modulated inductive or propagate
30、d electromagnetic fieldIEC 60050-702, 702-06-17 06.01.05 electromagnetic spectrum range or continuum of electromagnetic radiation, characterized in terms of frequency orwavelength 06.01.06 electromagnetic wave wave characterized by the propagation of a time-varying electromagnetic field NOTE An elec
31、tromagnetic wave is produced by variations of electric charges or electriccurrents. IEC 50 (705):1995, 705-01-09BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 306.01.07 electric field constituent of an electromagnetic fieldwhich is characterized by the electric field
32、 strength E togetherwith the electric flux densityDNOTE In French, the term “champ lectrique” is also used for the quantity electric field strength. IEC 60050-121, 121-11-67 06.01.08 far field region region of an electromagnetic field of an antenna wherein the predominant components of the field are
33、 those which represent a propagation of energy and wherein the angular field distribution is essentially independent of the distance from the antenna IEC 50 (712):1992, 712-02-02NOTE 1 In the far field region, field distribution is unaffected by the antenna structure and the wave propagates as a pla
34、ne wave. cf.radiating near field06.01.09 magnetic field constituent of an electromagnetic field which is characterized by the magnetic field strength H togetherwith the magnetic flux densityB221-01-01 MODNOTE In French, the term “champ magntique” is also used for the quantity magnetic field strength
35、. IEC 60050-121, 121-11-69 06.01.10 inductive coupling process of transferring modulated data or energy from one system component to another, reader to transponder for example, by means of a varying magnetic field NOTE An inductive coupled tag use a coil to transfer dat or power from the magneticfie
36、ld output by an interrogator. 06.01.11 electromagnetic coupling coupling through a magnetic fieldNOTE Also referred to as inductive coupling or an electric field. 06.01.12 field strength transmitter field intensity (deprecated) magnitude of the electromagnetic field created at a given point bya radi
37、o transmitting system operating at a specified characteristic frequencywith specified installation and modulation conditionsIEC 50 (705):1995, 705-08-31BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E)4 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved06.01.13 equivalent isotropically radiated power EIRP product of the
38、 net radiated RF power of a transmitter and the gain of an antena system in one direction relativeto an isotropicsourceNOTE 1 The maximum power gain of a transmittingantenna in any direction multipliedby the net power accepted by the antenna from the connected transmitter. EXAMPLE 36 dBm EIRP equals
39、 4 Wtransmitted into an isotropic antenna, or 1 Wtransmitted into a 6 dB antenna. NOTE 2 Also referred to as Effective Isotropically Radiated Power, Equivalent Isotropical Radiated Power, and Effective Isotropical RadiatedPower.06.01.14 effective radiated power ERP amount of power actually radiated
40、by a transmitter and antenna combination (the applied power multiplied by the efficiencyof the antenna)cf.EIRPNOTE To convert between ERP and EIRP, add 2,15 dB, asa dipole antenna has a gain of 2,15 dBi. For example, to convert the European Power output of 2 W ERP (which is +33 dBm) to EIRP, add 2,1
41、5 dB to get +35,15 dBm, whichis very close to the FCC limit of 4 W EIRP (+36 dBm). 06.01.15 frequency number of cycles a periodic signal executes in unit timeNOTE Usually expressed in hertz (cycles per second) or appropriate weighted units such as kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz) and gigahertz (GHz)
42、. 06.01.16 frequency band continuous set of frequencies lying between two specified limiting frequenciesNOTE 1 A frequency band is characterized by two values which define its position in the frequency spectrum, for instance its lower and upper limiting frequencies, as opposed to the bandwidth which
43、 is characterized by one value. NOTE 2 The nomenclature of the frequency and wavelength bands used in RFID are given in Table 1. NOTE 3 Certain frequency ranges are sometimes designated by letter symbols consisting of capital letters which may be accompanied by a small letter as subscript.NOTE 4 Ada
44、pted from IEC 60050-713.BS ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008ISO/IEC 19762-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 5Table 1 Nomenclature of frequencyand wavelength bandsBAND NUMBER(NOTE 1) ABBRE-VIATIONFREQUENCY RANGE (lower limit exclusive, upper limit exclusive) METRIC QUALIFIER(NOTE 4) METRIC ABBRE-VIATION
45、of the band (NOTE 3) WAVELENGTH RANGE(lower limit exclusive, upper limit exclusive) 1 (NOTE 2) 0,03 to 0,3 Hz gigametric B.Gm 1 to 1 Gm0 (NOTE 2) 0,3 to 03 Hz hectomegametric B.hMm 100 to 1000 Mm1 (NOTE 2) 3 to 30 Hz decamegametric B.daMm 10 to 100 Mm2 (NOTE 2) 30 to 300 Hz megametric B.Mm 1 to 10 M
46、m3 ULF 300 to 3000 Hz hectokilometric B.hkm 100 to 1000 km4 VLF 3 to 30 kHz myriametric B.Mam 10 to 100 km5 LF 30 to 300 kHz kilometric B.km 1 to 10 km6 MF 300 to 3000 kHz hectometric B.hmm 100 to 1000 m7 HF 3 to 30 MHz decametric B.dam 10 to 100 m8 VHF 30 to 300 MHz metric B.m 1 to 10 m9 UHF 300 to
47、 3000 MHz decimetric B.dm 100 to 1000 mm10 SHF 3 to 30 GHz centimetric B.cm 10 to 100 mmNOTE 1 “Band number N” extendsfrom 0,3 10 N to 3 10 N HzNOTE 2 The abbreviation ELFdesignates the set of bands 1 to 2.NOTE 3 In French, abbreviations with letter O (“Ondes”) are sometimes used (e.g. O.km “Ondes k
48、ilomtriques”) instead of abbreviations with letter B (“Bande”) indicated inthe column “metric abbreviation” ofthe table.NOTE 4 Metric qualifiers and abbreviations are not names or symbols of unit, and so may use the combination of prefixes in some cases. Adapted from IEC60050-713.06.01.17 kilohertz
49、kHz measure offrequency equal to one thousand (1,000)cycles per second 06.01.18 megahertz MHz measure offrequency equal to one million (1,000,000) cycles per second 06.01.19 gigahertz GHz measure offrequency equal to one billion (1,000,000,000) cycles per second 06.01.20 continuous wave typically sinusoidal wave at a given frequency, but more generally any interrogator waveform suitable for powering a passive tag without amplitude and/or phase modulation cover-codin
