1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015Information technology Learning, education andtraining Collaborativetechnology CollaborativeworkplacePart 3: Collaborative group data modelBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IE
2、C19778-3:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/43, Information technology for learning, educationand training.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include a
3、ll the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 84783 7ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This
4、 British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Coll
5、aborative workplace Part 3: Collaborative group data modelTechnologies de linformation Apprentissage, ducation et formation Technologies collaboratives Lieu de travail collaboratif Partie 3: Modle de donnes du groupe collaboratifINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO/IEC19778-3Reference numberISO/IEC 19778-3:201
6、5(E)Second edition2015-10-15 ISO/IEC 2015BS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by
7、 any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 4
8、01CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgISO/IEC 19778-3:2015(E)BS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 11.1 Statement of scope . 11.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressed 11.3 Excluded
9、subjects and aspects 12 Normative references 23 Terms and definitions . 24 Abbreviated terms and acronyms 25 Collaborative group Data Model . 25.1 Data Model representation . 25.2 Collaborative group Data Model diagram 25.3 Collaborative group Data Model specification . 35.4 Supplementing informatio
10、n for DMEs of the CG DM 75.4.1 AE CG_General 75.4.2 DE CG_Name. 75.4.3 DE CG_Description 75.4.4 AE CG_ID 75.4.5 DE CG_ID_source 85.4.6 DE CG_ID_value 85.4.7 AE CW_ID-Ref 85.4.8 DE CW_ID-Ref_source 95.4.9 DE CW_ID-Ref_value . 95.4.10 AE CG_Roles 95.4.11 DE CG_Roles_spec_source . 95.4.12 AE CG_Role .
11、105.4.13 DE CG_Role_name .105.4.14 AE CG_Role_holder 105.4.15 DE CG_Role_holder_ID 105.4.16 DE CG_Participant_ID-Ref 105.4.17 DE CG_Role_holder_nickname . 106 Conformance 10Annex A (informative) Alphabetical list of terms .11Bibliography .13 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO/IE
12、C 19778-3:2015ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of In
13、ternational Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liai
14、son with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
15、1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the element
16、s of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations re
17、ceived (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs
18、adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training.Th
19、is second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 19778-3:2008), of which it constitutes a minor revision.ISO/IEC 19778 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace: P
20、art 1: Collaborative workplace data model Part 2: Collaborative environment data model Part 3: Collaborative group data modeliv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015(E)IntroductionISO/IEC 19778 provides Data Models for specifying collaborative workplaces and the
21、ir components. ISO/IEC 19778-1 provides general information for all parts, and specifies a Data Model which, by reference, composes the Data Model instantiations of the two main components of a collaborative workplace: the collaborative environment and the collaborative group. ISO/IEC 19778-2 provid
22、es the Data Model for the collaborative environment and specifies information related to the service aspects of a collaborative workplace. This part of ISO/IEC 19778 provides the Data Model for the collaborative group and specifies information related to the roles and the membership of a collaborati
23、ve workplace.The main accomplishment of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 is to specify the composition of the roles which can be played by the participants of a collaborative group, to declare the intended role holders (positions for playing a particular role) for each role, and (at least during the life-
24、span of the collaborative workplace) to assign participants to these role holders.The purposes of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 are the following: to provide a standardized way of defining and instantiating, as an independent entity, the composition of a collaborative group in terms of roles and role h
25、olders (this is done by associating this composition with a collaborative group identifier unique within a particular domain or application context); to specify the membership requirements of a collaborative workplace for the purpose of set-up, employment, management, administration, and evaluation
26、of its collaborative group.The detailed specification of the roles is not provided in this part of ISO/IEC 19778; however, it may be linked to the collaborative group Data Model instantiations by referring to “potential further specifications or standards” that are not identified and possibly do not
27、 yet even exist. (One of the intentions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 is to encourage adopters to develop and harmonize such specifications.)No reference to detailed specification of participants is provided in this part of ISO/IEC 19778 as multiple-purpose user management provisions are currently a
28、lready in place and will be used.Linkages to “potential further specifications or standards” are constituted by employing a “source/value” approach, where the value (e.g. the name of a role) is taken from a “source”, a specification or standard, which declares the names and specifies the details of
29、roles. The “source” itself is specified by reference, using a URL. The intention of this “source/value” approach is to provide a simple method for linking developing specifications or standards to the Data Model of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 without needing to identify them beforehand. This highly f
30、lexible method reflects the fact that ISO/IEC 19778-3 is a part of a multipart standard that represents prospective technology. Figure 1 illustrates how this is achieved. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015(E)Figure 1 Composing roles, declaring role holders,
31、 and assigning participants in this part of ISO/IEC 19778In this part of ISO/IEC 19778, “composing roles” and “assigning participants to role holders” are generally performed by specifying names of roles and identifiers of participants. Further information on these roles and participants may be spec
32、ified in “potential further specifications or standards” or in user management provisions which are not included in this part of ISO/IEC 19778. The adopters of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 may decide whether or not to use such “potential further specifications or standards” or provisions. If no “poten
33、tial further specifications or standards” or participant identification provisions are used, the names and properties of roles and the identifiers of participants need to be consistently known in the user community. This, however, also means that the interoperability of Data Model instantiations of
34、this kind is limited to this “harmonized” user community.It should be noted that, where no participants are assigned to the role holders, the respective collaborative group Data Model instantiation can be reused as a template for setting up further collaborative groups of the same dedication. Also,
35、due to the provision of role holder identifiers, anonymizing a collaborative group Data Model instantiation by removing the assigned participant identifiers does not affect the differentiation between role holders. This is important in cases where role holders of the collaborative group Data Model i
36、nstantiation are referenced by other data objects.Where the need for broader interoperability exists, external “specifications or standards” are required. They would at least define a set of roles or a method for identifying participants and information on them, provide names for roles, and describe
37、 their properties. Of course, “specifications or standards” for roles could be very simple and general. However, they could be highly sophisticated and detailed as well. Where a collaborative group Data Model instantiation makes use of such an external “specification or standard” for roles, it refer
38、ences it and adopts the role names as shown in Figure 1.Using this first edition of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 provides utmost flexibility at the risk of a low level of interoperability. It allows adopters to experiment with diverse specifications for roles or methods for identifying participants an
39、d providing information on them. It is intended as a step towards broader harmonization of such specifications or provisions. This expected progress in harmonization will be vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015(E)reflected by future editions of this part of
40、ISO/IEC 19778, while todays users can employ this first edition instantly. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved viiBS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015BS ISO/IEC 19778-3:2015Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 3: Collaborative group data model
41、1 Scope1.1 Statement of scopeThis part of ISO/IEC 19778 specifies the Data Model for a collaborative group.The collaborative group Data Model composes roles which can be played by the participants of a collaborative group, declares the intended role holders (positions for playing a particular role)
42、for each role, and (at least during the life-span of the collaborative workplace) assigns participants to these role holders. The role names may be used as references to roles specified in detail by further specifications or standards. Where no such specifications or standards are available or ident
43、ified, the provision of descriptions for human interpretation may support harmonized use of these names. Provided participant identifiers may be used as references to detailed participant information which may be specified in a provided user management system.NOTE There is a risk of improper access
44、and misuse of personal and private data facilitated by use of the collaborative group Data Model. It is the responsibility of the implementer to ensure proper use of any involved personal information.1.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressedIn future editions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778, th
45、e identification of participant types referring to a harmonized or standardized participant typology may be provided. Such a provision would upgrade the value of anonymized collaborative group Data Model instantiations for being reused as templates.Currently, the collaborative groups specified by th
46、is Data Model are static. Participants may not be online all the time; in a collaborative group, private discussions may occur; participants may leave the collaborative group during the life-state of the collaborative workplace. It is not yet clear to which degree such aspects can and should be addr
47、essed in future editions of this part of ISO/IEC 19778.1.3 Excluded subjects and aspectsSubjects and aspects not provided by this part of ISO/IEC 19778, but which it is anticipated will be provided by further specifications or standards include the following: the detailed specification of roles or r
48、ole typologies in the context of learning, education, and training (such specification is reserved for further specifications or standards; it may be specific for particular domains of applications in this field; such specifications are excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778); methods for assignin
49、g collaborative tools or collaborative functions of a collaborative workplace to participants in particular roles (such methods mean optimization for mapping capabilities and requirements of technical means to capabilities and preferences of participants; such methods are excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778); the detailed specification of participant information (such specification is reserved for further specifications or standards and is excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19778).INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19
