1、Energy performance of buildings Method for calculation of the design heat loadPart 2: Explanation and justification of EN 12831-1, Module M3-3PD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06TECHNICALREPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUETECHNISCHER BERICHTCEN
2、/TR 12831-2 April 2017ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10EnglishVersionEnergy performance of buildings - Method for calculationof the design heat load - Part 2: Explanation and justification of EN 12831-1, Module M3-3Performance nergtique des btiments - Mthode de calcul de la charge thermique nominale - Partie
3、 2 :Explication et justification de lEN 12831-1, ModuleM3-3Gesamtenergieeffizienzvon Gebuden - Methode zurBerechnung der Norm-Heizlast- Teil 2: BegleitenderTR zur EN 12831-1, Modul M3This Technical Report wasapproved by CENon 27 February 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC22
4、8.CEN members are the nationalstandards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Polan
5、d, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitati
6、on in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CENnational Members.Ref. No. CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 ENational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 12831-2:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/24, Central heating instal
7、lations.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.ISBN 978 0 580 94807 7ICS 91.140.10; 91.120.10Complianc
8、e with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017TECHNICAL
9、 REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 12831-2 April 2017 ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10 English Version Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of the design heat load - Part 2: Explanation and justification of EN 12831-1, Module M3-3 Performance nergtique des btiments - Mt
10、hode de calcul de la charge thermique nominale - Partie 2 : Explication et justification de lEN 12831-1, Module M3-3 Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebuden - Methode zur Berechnung der Norm-Heizlast - Teil 2: Begleitender TR zur EN 12831-1, Modul M3 This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 27 Februa
11、ry 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 228. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ita
12、ly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Cen
13、tre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 EPD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative refe
14、rences 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5 4.1 Symbols . 5 4.2 Subscripts . 5 5 Information on the methods . 5 6 Method description 6 6.1 Standard method . 6 6.1.1 Rationale, case of application . 6 6.1.2 Assumptions 6 6.1.3 Data input 7 6.2 Simplified method for the calcul
15、ation of the design heat load of a heated space . 19 6.2.1 Rationale, case of application 19 6.2.2 Assumptions . 19 6.2.3 Data input . 19 6.3 Simplified method for the calculation of the building design heat load 19 6.3.1 Rationale, case of application 19 6.3.2 Assumptions . 20 6.3.3 Data input . 20
16、 7 Method selection 20 8 Exemplary heat load calculation (standard method) . 20 8.1 Description . 20 8.2 Calculation details . 22 Annex A (informative) Calculation flowchart . 28 A.1 General . 28 A.2 Standard method 28 A.3 Simplified method for the calculation of the design heat load of a heated spa
17、ce . 29 A.4 Simplified method for the calculation of the building design heat load 29 Bibliography . 30 PD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 3 European foreword This document (CEN/TR 12831-2:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Heating systems and water based cooling syste
18、ms in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a ma
19、ndate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. PD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 4 Introduction In order to facilitate the necessary overall consistency and coherence, in terminology, approach, input/output relations and formats, for the whole set of E
20、PB-standards, the following documents and tools are available: a) a document with basic principles to be followed in drafting EPB-standards: CEN/TS 16628:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Basic Principles for the set of EPB standards 1; b) a document with detailed technical rules to be followe
21、d in drafting EPB-standards; CEN/TS 16629:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Detailed Technical Rules for the set of EPB-standards 2; c) the detailed technical rules are the basis for the following tools: 1) a common template for each EPB-standard, including specific drafting instructions for t
22、he relevant clauses; 2) a common template for each technical report that accompanies an EPB standard or a cluster of EPB standards, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses; 3) a common template for the spreadsheet that accompanies each EPB standard, to demonstrate the corre
23、ctness of the EPB calculation procedures. Each EPB-standards follows the basic principles and the detailed technical rules and relates to the overarching EPB-standard, EN ISO 52000-1 3. One of the main purposes of the revision of the EPB-standards is to enable that laws and regulations directly refe
24、r to the EPB-standards and make compliance with them compulsory. This requires that the set of EPB-standards consists of a systematic, clear, comprehensive and unambiguous set of energy performance procedures. The number of options provided is kept as low as possible, taking into account national an
25、d regional differences in climate, culture and building tradition, policy and legal frameworks (subsidiarity principle). For each option, an informative default option is provided (EN 12831-1:2017, Annex B). Rationale behind the EPB technical reports There is a risk that the purpose and limitations
26、of the EPB standards will be misunderstood, unless the background and context to their contents and the thinking behind them is explained in some detail to readers of the standards. Consequently, various types of informative contents are recorded and made available for users to properly understand,
27、apply and nationally or regionally implement the EPB standards. If this explanation would have been attempted in the standards themselves, the result is likely to be confusing and cumbersome, especially if the standards are implemented or referenced in national or regional building codes. Therefore,
28、 each EPB standard is accompanied by an informative technical report, like this one, where all informative content is collected, to ensure a clear separation between normative and informative contents (see CEN/TS 16629 1): to avoid flooding and confusing the actual normative part with informative co
29、ntent; to reduce the page count of the actual standard; and to facilitate understanding of the set of EPB standards. This was also one of the main recommendations from the European CENSE project 2 that laid the foundation for the preparation of the set of EPB standards. PD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017CEN/TR
30、12831-2:2017 5 1 Scope This Technical Report refers to standard EN 12831, module M3-3 (EN 12831-1). It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaptation of standard EN 12831-1. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively r
31、eferenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12831-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculat
32、ion of the design heat load - Part 1: Space heating load, Module M3-3 EN ISO 6946, Building components and building elements - Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance - Calculation method (ISO 6946) EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation - Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) EN IS
33、O 10077-1, Thermal performance of windows, doors and shutters - Calculation of thermal transmittance - Part 1: General (ISO 10077-1) EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Overarching EPB assessment - Part 1: General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017) 3 Terms and definitions
34、 For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, EN ISO 52000-1:2017, EN 12831-1:2017 apply. 4 Symbols and abbreviations 4.1 Symbols For the purposes of this Technical Report, the symbols given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and EN 12831-1:2017 apply. 4.2 Subscripts F
35、or the purposes of this Technical Report, subscripts given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and EN 12831-1:2017 apply 5 Information on the methods EN 12831-1 describes a method to calculate the design heat load of heated spaces (usually rooms); building entities (apartments etc.) or whole buildings containing
36、 heated spaces. PD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 6 The design heat load is required in the sizing of several components of a heating systems, such as heat emission components (e.g. radiators); heat distribution components (tubing etc.); and heat generators (boilers etc.). EN 12831-1 contain
37、s several methods for this purpose, a standard method that describes a versatile approach to calculate the design heat load of heated spaces / single rooms; building entities; and a whole building; a simplified method for the calculation of the design heat load of a building; and a simplified method
38、 for the calculation of the design heat load of heated spaces. 6 Method description 6.1 Standard method 6.1.1 Rationale, case of application The standard method is a detailed approach for the calculation of the design heat load. The method is based on design criteria, such as internal and external d
39、esign temperatures, and detailed information about the building or the heated spaces that the heat load shall be determined for. While the approach itself is versatile in that it can be used for new (to-be-built) and existing or old buildings either way, it is usually easier to apply to new ones tha
40、n to old ones for several reasons, e.g.: detailed knowledge about the building, such as U-values, level of air tightness, etc., is required. In new buildings, the knowledge of this information can be considered a given; in old buildings, often, it cannot. in the process of constructing (new) buildin
41、gs, usually, not only a single component of the heating system but the heating system as a whole has to be designed/sized. Therefore, a detailed heat load calculation is virtually mandatory. In the reconstruction of old/existing buildings, there are many cases where only parts of the heating system
42、are to be replaced; e.g. replacing only the heat generator. Here, a detailed heat load calculation requires much more effort than is adequate for the task given. 6.1.2 Assumptions Considerations within EN 12831 are based on steady-state conditions, e.g.: assuming constant internal, external and grou
43、nd temperatures; considering to-be-heated rooms as already heated to the required temperature meaning that the method basically determines how much power is required to maintain the required temperature (although, a simplified approach for the determination of heating-up power is given in the standa
44、rd as well); assuming constant physical building properties (independent of time, temperature, etc.) PD CEN/TR 12831-2:2017CEN/TR 12831-2:2017 7 6.1.3 Data input 6.1.3.1 General An extensive list of all input parameters and sources that shall be used to obtain them is given in the standard. In what
45、follows, some items are named that may require some more explanation than is given in the standard. 6.1.3.2 Space allocation / partitioning of buildings EN 12831-1 uses the following terms to describe scope(s) of the heat balance: Building (Build) A whole building. Building entity (BE) A portion of
46、the building that can contain one or more rooms. A building entity is defined by use as a portion of the building that belongs to one user (owner(s), tenant(s), etc.) in a way that if one room of the entity is heated, it may be assumed that the other rooms of that entity are give or take heated as w
47、ell. Typical examples are: a) an apartment / a flat; b) an office unit, etc. In the scope of EN 12831-1, each building entity has an internal temperature that is a property of the building entity as a whole. That temperature is required to calculate heat loss from other rooms to that building entity
48、. Zone / Ventilation zone (z) A zone is a portion of the building that can contain one or more rooms. It is defined as an entity where all contained rooms are air-connected by design (through internal ATDs / shortened door leafs, etc.). By design, there is no air transfer between several ventilation
49、 zones. Usually, a zone is also a building entity. Heated space (i) Each space heated to uniform conditions is considered a heated space. A heated space is separated from other spaces by building elements, such as walls etc. Usually each room is a heated space. The terms heated space and (heated) room are used synonymously in the standard. 6.1.3.3 Climatic data The following climate data shall be provided through national standardization bodies: Reference external design temperature in C: national
