1、BSI Standards PublicationPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housingPart 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min-1and 30 000 min-1PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014 PUBLISHE
2、D DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 17243-1:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MTE/1/2, Machine tools - Accuracy.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its se
3、cretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 76082 2ICS 25.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cann
4、ot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014 ISO 2014Machine tool spindles Evalua
5、tion of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing Part 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min-1and 30 000 min-1Broches pour machines-outils valuation des vibrations dune broche pour machine-outil par mesurages sur le
6、 logement de la broche Partie 1: Broches roulements billes et moteurs intgrs oprant des vitesses comprises entre 600 min-1et 30 000 min-1TECHNICAL REPORTISO/TR17243-1Reference numberISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)First edition2014-12-01PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserv
7、edCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
8、permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandPD ISO/TR 172
9、43-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)Contents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Preliminary operations . 34.1 General . 34.2 Process load . 34.3 Spindle speed . 34.4 Thermal conditions . 44.5 Spindle position and orientation . 44.6 Tool or workpie
10、ce balancing . 44.7 Spindle chuck . 44.8 Spindle cooling 54.9 Drawbar 54.10 Background vibration . 54.11 Idle operation . 55 Measurement and operational procedures 55.1 Measuring instruments . 55.2 Measurement locations/directions . 65.3 Sensor mounting procedures . 76 Evaluation parameters . 86.1 V
11、ibration velocity parameter 86.2 Vibration acceleration parameter 96.3 Demodulated vibration spectra bearing analysis methods .107 Spindle classification 107.1 General 107.2 Classification according to rated power . 107.3 Classification according to maximum spindle speed 107.4 Classification accordi
12、ng to bearing type 108 Evaluation .118.1 General 118.2 Criterion I: vibration magnitude . 118.3 Criterion II: change in vibration magnitude . 128.4 General zone boundaries 128.5 Examples of evaluation zone boundary values 138.6 Operational limits 14Annex A (informative) Introduction to alternative b
13、earing condition assessment techniques 16Bibliography .18 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Int
14、ernational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison w
15、ith ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directive
16、s, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of
17、 the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declaration
18、s received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about IS
19、Os adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommittee SC 2, Test conditions for metal cutting machine tools.ISO/TR 17243 consists of
20、 the following parts, under the general title Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing: Part 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min-1and 30 000 min-1 Part 2: Direct driven spindle
21、s and belt driven spindles with rolling element bearings operating at speeds between 600 min1and 30 000 min1iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)IntroductionThis part of ISO/TR 17243 provides specific guidance for assessing the severity of vibration measured on
22、the spindle housing at customer site or at the machine tool manufacturer test facilities. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing Part 1: Spindles with rolling ele
23、ment bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min-1and 30 000 min-11 ScopeThis part of ISO/TR 17243 provides information on how to assess the severity of machine tool spindle vibrations measured on the spindle housing. The vibration criteria provided in this part of ISO/TR 17243
24、apply to spindles with integral drive intended for stationary machine tools with nominal operating speeds between 600 min1and 30 000 min1. This part of ISO/TR 17243 only applies to spindles with rolling element bearing types.This part of ISO/TR 17243 applies to spindles assembled on metal cutting ma
25、chine tools.This part of ISO/TR 17243 is applicable for testing, periodic verification, and continuous monitoring.Spindles with bearing types other than rolling element bearings are excluded from this part of ISO/TR 17243.This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address geometrical accuracy of axes of rot
26、ation (see ISO 230-7).This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address unacceptable cutting performance with regards to surface finish and accuracy.This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address vibration severity issues of machine tool spindles operating at speeds below 600 min1or exceeding 30 000 min1due to
27、 lack of supporting vibration data and limitations in many vibration measurement instruments. Also, due to lack of data, machine tool spindles with bearing types other than rolling element bearings are excluded from this part of ISO/TR 17243.This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address frequency domai
28、n analyses such as fast fourier transform (FFT) analyses, envelope analyses, or other similar techniques.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition c
29、ited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing VocabularyISO 1940-1, Mechanical vibration Balance quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid) state Part 1: Specification and ver
30、ification of balance tolerancesISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring VocabularyISO 2954:2012, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severityISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines
31、 VocabularyTECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1925, ISO 2041, ISO 13372, ISO 2954, and the following apply.NOTE A concept li
32、mited to a special meaning in a particular context is indicated by designating the subject field in angle brackets () before the definition. For example, in the context of spindle condition monitoring for the term entry for alert, see 3.11.3.1belt driven spindlespindle where the power transmission i
33、s achieved by a belt between the drive motor and the spindle3.2direct driven spindlemachine tool spindle in a motor-coupling-spindle configuration with no belts, gears, or other power transmitting elements in the power train3.3gear driven spindlemachine tool spindle with one or more power transmitti
34、ng gear units in the power trainNote 1 to entry: Gear driven spindles may also incorporate coupling and/or belts in the power train.3.4spindle with integral drivespindle unit where the rotor of the drive motor is the rotor of the spindle3.5short termtime period of six months or shorterNote 1 to entr
35、y: Time periods may differ for specific spindle types and/or operational conditions.3.6long termtime period of longer than six monthsNote 1 to entry: Time period may differ for specific spindle types and/or operational conditions.3.7machine condition monitoringdetection, collection, and interpretati
36、on of information and data that indicate the spindle condition of a machine tool spindle3.8spindle conditionroot-mean-square (RMS) values for vibration velocity and acceleration of machine tool spindles as defined by specifications3.9short term spindle conditionSTSCparameter indicating the short ter
37、m spindle condition of a machine tool spindle3.10long term spindle conditionLTSCparameter indicating the long term spindle condition of a machine tool spindle2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)3.11alertcondition where a significant change in spindle vibration m
38、agnitude with respect to normal values has been detected3.12alarmcondition where the vibration magnitude induces increased dynamic load on spindle bearings, reducing bearing lifetime3.13threshold for shutdowncondition where the vibration magnitude induces high dynamic load on the spindle bearings po
39、tentially with substantial loss of bearing lifetime3.14steady-state operating temperaturecondition where machine tool spindle has been running for a sufficient time to reach a stable operating temperature4 Preliminary operations4.1 GeneralWhen measuring vibration, the operational condition of the ma
40、chine tool is of great importance. This part of ISO/TR 17243 is applicable to all normal operational conditions that the machine tool could be in when machining.For any spindle vibration measurement intended to characterize the spindle condition according to this part of ISO/TR 17243, important oper
41、ational conditions should be recorded; such operational conditions include, but are not limited to, characteristics listed in 4.2 to 4.11.When using vibration measurement results for evaluation of spindle condition, other factors contributing to or interfering with the measured signals should be tak
42、en into consideration. Such factors include spindle motor current control signals with their associated frequencies, influences of machine foundation and the position of the other moving components affecting the dynamic response of the overall system, and possible high level of scatter due to low en
43、ergy content in the frequency range of interest. If such interfering signals or conditions are suspected, frequency analysis techniques can be used to differentiate bearing signals from other contributing factors.4.2 Process loadAll vibration measurements should be made under no-load conditions (no
44、cutting, milling, or grinding).4.3 Spindle speedThis part of ISO/TR 17243 is applicable for every speed within the nominal speed range of the machine tool/spindle. Manufacturer may specify non-continuous speed ranges like 600 min-1to 17 000 min1and 19 000 min-1to 24 000 min1in order to avoid unreaso
45、nable limits at resonance speeds. Two such resonance speed intervals are allowed together, occupying a maximum of 10 % of the nominal operating speed range of the spindle. The possibility to exclude certain speed ranges only applies to the vibration velocity parameter as defined in 6.1, i.e. indicat
46、ors for long term spindle condition (LTSC). The vibration acceleration parameter as defined in 6.2, i.e. indicators for short term spindle condition (STSC), applies to any speed within the nominal speed range of the spindle. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)W
47、hen measuring vibration magnitude as a function of spindle speed, it is important to execute the spindle speed changes in such a way that a steady-state vibration of the spindle is reached before recording the measurements. The following are typical methods. Step: Increasing or decreasing the spindl
48、e speed in steps not greater than 3 % of spindle maximum speed with 10 s of constant speed at each such selected speed. Acceleration: Increasing or decreasing the spindle speed with a rate of not more than 20 % of maximum spindle speed per minute.Both the above methods will result in approximately 5
49、 min measurement time.4.4 Thermal conditionsThermal conditions have to be agreed upon between manufacturer/supplier and user. If no conditions are specified, the tests should be made under conditions as near as possible to those of normal operation with regards to lubrication and warm-up. Therefore, the machine should have an idle running performance in accordance with the conditions of use and the instructions of the manufacturer until the machine/spindle has reached steady-state operating temperature. Refer t
