1、PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016Graphic technology Requirements for printedmatter for commercial andindustrial productionPart 1: Measurement methods andreporting schemaBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThi
2、s Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TS15311-1:2016.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI/43, Graphic technology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purpor
3、t to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 75334 3ICS 37.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.T
4、his Published Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016 ISO 2016Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for commercial and industrial production Part 1
5、: Measurement methods and reporting schemaTechnologie graphique Exigences pour les imprims pour les productions industrielle et commerciale Partie 1: Mthodes de mesure et schmas de rapportTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONISO/TS15311-1Reference numberISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)First edition2016-05-01PD ISO/TS 15311
6、-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, inclu
7、ding photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel.
8、+41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Requirements 34.1 General . 34.2 Single or multiple sheet assessment 44.2.1 Total number of sheets . 44.
9、2.2 Number of sheets measured 44.2.3 Reporting 44.3 Print quality measures . 54.3.1 Overview . 54.3.2 Colour, tone reproduction and gloss . 54.3.3 Uniformity . 84.3.4 Detail rendition capabilities 104.3.5 Permanence . 114.4 Printing conditions . 13Annex A (informative) Sampling of sheets 14Bibliogra
10、phy .16 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PagePD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carr
11、ied out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
12、ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the differen
13、t approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be
14、 the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
15、Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in
16、 the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.ISO/TS 15311 consists of the following parts, under the general title Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for
17、 commercial and industrial production: Part 1: Measurement methods and reporting schemaThe following parts are under preparation: Part 2: Commercial production printingiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)IntroductionWhen producing a colour reproduction, it is i
18、mportant that the persons responsible for data creation, colour separation, proofing and printing operations have previously agreed a minimum set of parameters that define the visual characteristics and other technical properties of the planned print product. This part of ISO/TS 15311 identifies a n
19、umber of metrics that can be applied to printed sheets and that can be used as the basis for such communication. The range of metrics is large and it is not intended that all of these metrics are to be applied to any given printed product and for any given application, the range of metrics is to be
20、carefully selected, for example based on subsequent parts of ISO/TS 15311.The metrics described by this part of ISO/TS 15311 can be applied to any type of print. They are likely to most often be applied to digitally printed prints.When selecting the set of metrics, only those metrics that have a cle
21、ar specification and that correlate well with human perception are included in this part of ISO/TS 15311. Since this is an area of significant research activity, new metrics are expected to emerge and existing metrics to be revised in the next few years. For this reason, we anticipate the need to re
22、vise this part of ISO/TS 15311 within a very short time scale as new metrics are tested and found to be reliable.Additional tests to those specified in this this part of ISO/TS 15311, for example visual assessment of smoothness, images and other elements may be required when assessing print quality.
23、As with any parameter that is used as part of a product specification, it is important for readers to understand clearly what the metric means. For this reason, a reporting schema is to be followed when reporting measurements in conformance with this part of ISO/TS 15311. ISO 2016 All rights reserve
24、d vPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for commercial and industrial production Part 1: Measurement methods and reporting schema1 ScopeThis part of ISO/TS 15311 defines print metrics, measurement methods and reporting requirements for printe
25、d sheets that are suitable for all classes of printed products.Guidance as to which of these metrics to apply to any given category of product along with acceptable conformance criteria is provided in subsequent parts of ISO/TS 15311.Although this part of ISO/TS 15311 is expected to be used primaril
26、y to measure prints from digital printing systems, the metrics are general and can be applied to other kinds of print.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only
27、the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2813, Paints and varnishes Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20 degrees, 60 degrees and 85 degreesISO 8254-2, Paper and board Measureme
28、nt of specular gloss Part 2: 75 degree gloss with a parallel beam, DIN methodISO 12642-2, Graphic technology Input data for characterization of 4-colour process printing Part 2: Expanded data setISO 12647-8:2012, Graphic technology Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations,
29、proof and production prints Part 8: Validation print processes working directly from digital dataISO 13655, Graphic technology Spectral measurement and colorimetric computation for graphic arts imagesISO 18924, Imaging materials Test method for Arrhenius-type predictionsISO 18930, Imaging materials
30、Pictorial colour reflection prints Methods for evaluating image stability under outdoor conditionsISO 18937:2014, Imaging materials Photographic reflection prints Methods for measuring indoor light stabilityISO/IEC TS 24790:2012, Information technology Office equipment Measurement of image quality a
31、ttributes for hardcopy output Monochrome text and graphic imagesISO/IEC TS 29112, Information technology Office equipment Test charts and methods for measuring monochrome printer resolutionTECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311
32、-1:2016(E)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1achromatic colourperceived colour of low chroma, in the perceptual senseNote 1 to entry: The colour names “white”, “grey” and “black” are commonly used for objects that reflect light. For
33、 objects that transmit light, the words “colourless” and “neutral” are used.Note 2 to entry: In printing practice, achromatic colours can be produced either by a single black ink or three chromatic (and one achromatic) inks suitably balanced.Note 3 to entry: Colours with low chroma are also called n
34、ear neutral colours.3.2bandingappearance of one dimensional bands within an area that should be homogeneousNote 1 to entry: This is also known as streakiness, while the artefacts are called streaks, bands, or stripes.Note 2 to entry: Adapted from ISO 24790.3.3CIEDE2000 colour differencetotal colour
35、difference as defined in ISO/CIE 11664-6:2014 (CIE S 014-6/E:2013)Note 1 to entry: The unit is E00. The default weights for lightness, chroma and hue are (1:1:1).3.4colour deviationdifference between the colour aim value and the mean of a set of colour measurements3.5colour variationcolour differenc
36、e from the mean of a set of colour measurementsNote 1 to entry: Colour variation is also known as colour fluctuation and may be reported as the mean or 95 percentile.3.6digital printprint where the image is printed directly from the digital domainNote 1 to entry: Digital printing is a process for te
37、xt and image reproduction with a colour marker on a medium using a marking device, on which the marking information is generated from digital data directly to the medium. It differs from traditional ink-based printing on which the marking information is generated from a form produced offline prior t
38、o imaging on the medium.Note 2 to entry: Adapted from ISO 18913.3.7permanenceability to remain chemically and physically stable over long periods of timeSOURCE: ISO 18913:2012, 3.1342 ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)3.8image qualityimpression of the overall me
39、rit or excellence of an image, as perceived by an observer neither associated with the act of photography, nor closely involved with the subject matter depictedNote 1 to entry: The purpose of defining image quality in terms of third-party (uninvolved) observers is to eliminate sources of variability
40、 that arise from more idiosyncratic aspects of image perception and pertain to attributes outside the control of imaging system designers.3.9printing conditionset of primary process parameters which describe the conditions associated with a specific printed output, associated with spectral, colorime
41、tric and/or densitometric aim valuesNote 1 to entry: Such parameters usually include (as a minimum) printing process, paper category, printing ink, screening and printing sequence. The aim values typically comprise the colorant description and tone value increase aims.Note 2 to entry: For the purpos
42、es of colour management, a printing condition is fully characterized by giving the relationship between the CMYK digital input values (as stipulated in ISO 12642-2) and the corresponding measured colorimetric values.Note 3 to entry: Based on a given set of characterization data according to 3.9, Not
43、e 2 entry and a definition of achromatic perception, a grey condition might be extracted.3.10tone valueproportional printing value encoded in a data file and interpreted as defined in the file format specificationAVVVV=1000100 0p%whereVpis the integer value of the pixel;V0is the integer value corres
44、ponding to a tone value of 0 %;V100is the integer value corresponding to a tone value of 100 %.Note 1 to entry: Tone value is expressed in units of percent.Note 2 to entry: Most files store these data as 8-bit integer values, i.e. 0 to 255. The tone value of a pixel is typically computed from the fo
45、rmula.4 Requirements4.1 GeneralThe following subclauses provide a number of metrics that define attributes of printed sheets and requirements for reporting them.In many cases, the existing standards use CIE Eabrather than CIEDE2000. Although these are not interchangeable quantities, Eabhas been supe
46、rseded by CIEDE2000 in ISO/TC 130 standards. For this reason, CIEDE2000 shall be used to report colour difference metrics in this part of ISO/TS 15311.Similarly, printing density is seldom used to measure colour and where the referenced standards specify printing density, approximately equivalent CI
47、ELAB colour measurements shall be used. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)4.2 Single or multiple sheet assessmentUnless otherwise specified, metrics shall be assumed to apply to the assessment of a single sheet.In many cases, it is useful to be able to report
48、metrics for a set of sheets; for example, the set of sheets produced in a single print run or the set of sheets to be delivered as part of an order for print. In these cases, it is important to be able to indicate the likely variation across the entire set of sheets.Sheets should be selected randoml
49、y with no replacement.Samples should be selected with the following provisos:a) sheets should be selected throughout the entire press run;b) sheets should not be selected synchronous to any press event, e.g. at each roll change or after every blanket wash.In cases where metrics are reported for a set of sheets, the report shall indicate the following: the total number of sheets in the set to be assessed, the number of sheets measured and, unless random selection with no replacement is
