1、CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 191-M89(reaffirmed 2014)Engine heaters and battery warmersThe Canadian Standards Association, which operates under the name CSA International (CSA), under whose auspices this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 1 91 9 and accredited by the Standards Council of Can
2、ada to the National Standards system in 1 973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, voluntary membership association engaged in standards development and certification activities. CSA standards reflect a national consensus of producers and users including manufacturers, consumers, retailers, unions
3、 and professional organizations, and governmental agencies. The standards are used widely by industry and commerce and often adopted by municipal, provincial, and federal governments in their regulations, particularly in the fields of health, safety, building and construction, and the environment. I
4、ndividuals, companies, and associations across Canada indicate their support for CSAs standards development by volunteering their time and skills to CSA Committee work and supporting the Associations objectives through sustaining memberships. The more than 7000 committee volunteers and the 2000 sust
5、aining memberships together form CSAs total membership from which its Directors are chosen. Sustaining memberships represent a major source of income for CSAs standards development activities. The Association offers certification and testing services in support of and as an extension to its standard
6、s development activities. To ensure the integrity of its certification process, the Association regularly and continually audits and inspects products that bear the CSA Mark. In addition to its head office and laboratory complex in Toronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major centres across Can
7、ada and inspection and testing agencies in eight countries. Since 1 91 9, the Association has developed the necessary expertise to meet its corporate mission: CSA is an independent service organization whose mission is to provide an open and effective forum for activities facilitating the exchange o
8、f goods and services through the use of standards, certification and related services to meet national and international needs. For futher information on CSA services, write to CSA International 1 78 Rexdale Boulevard Toronto, Ontario, M9W 1 R3 Canada CSA INTERNATIONAL The Standards Council of Canad
9、a is the coordinating body of the National Standards system, a federation of independent, autonomous organizations working towards the further development and improvement of voluntary standardization in the national interest. The principal objects of the Council are to foster and promote voluntary s
10、tandardization as a means of advancing the national economy, benefiting the health, safety, and welfare of the public, assisting and protecting the consumer, facilitating domestic and international trade, and furthering international cooperation in the field of standards. A National Standard of Cana
11、da is a standard which has been approved by the Standards Council of Canada and one which reflects a reasonable agreement among the views of a number of capable individuals whose collective interests provide to the greatest practicable extent a balance of representation of producers, users, consumer
12、s, and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject in hand. It normally is a standard which is capable of making a significant and timely contribution to the national interest. Approval of a standard as a National Standard of Canada indicates that a standard conforms to the
13、criteria and procedures established by the Standards Council of Canada. Approval does not refer to the technical content of the standard; this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited standards-development organization. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use Na
14、tional Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards are subject to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard. The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with the Standards Council of
15、 Canada 45 OConnor Street, Suite 1 200 Ottawa, Ontario, Ki P 6N7 Canada 0 National Standards of Canada are published in English and French. Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users to ju
16、dge its suitability for their particular purpose. General Instruction No. 3 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 191-M89 October 1992 CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 191 -M89, Engine Heaters and Batten, Warmers, was published in September 1989; it consisted of 44 pages, each dated September 1989. An erratum in the form
17、 of replacement pages was published in December 1990 (see General Instruction No. 2).* *If you do not have General Instruction No. 2, please contact CSA, Standards Sales. An amendment to Clause 4.5.3.7 has been formally approved and is incorporated (and identified by a vertical line in the margin) i
18、n the attached replacement pages. CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 191 -M89 now consists of the following pages: 316, 1930, and 3344 dated September 1989; 31 and 32 dated December 1990; and 17 and 18 dated October 1992. These replacement pages are to be inserted into your copy of the Standard; the pag
19、es replaced should be kept for reference. 4.5.3 Cord-Connected Heaters-Power Supply Cords, Cord Sets and Terminal Pins 4.5.3.1 A cordconnected heater intended for use with a cord set shall be provided with male terminals of the pin or blade type that will accommodate a suitable plug. Grounding may b
20、e accomplished by a pin, blade, or other suitable means. 4.5.3.2 Attachment plugs shall conform to the requirements of CSA Standard C22.2 No. 42. 4.5.3.3 Power supply cords, cord sets and interconnecting cords shall have a voltage rating not less than that of the heater and they shall have an ampaci
21、ty at least equal to the input in amperes corresponding to maximum normal load conditions. 4.5.3.4 Power supply cords, interconnecting cords and cords for cord sets shall have a serviceability factor equal to or better than Type HPN. 4.5.3.5 The grounding connection shall be made before the power su
22、pply connections. 4.5.3.6 There shall be no interchangeability between cord sets of different voltage ratings. 4.5.3.7 Guards or some equivalent protection shall be provided to prevent accidental contact with terminals of the pin or blade type (see Clause 4.2.7), or to protect them from mechanical i
23、njury, or both. The guard shall prevent a straightedge placed in any position across the guard from touching any terminal including the ground terminal when the cord set is engaged in such a manner that electrical energy can be delivered to the device. Guards shall afford protection equivalent to th
24、at obtained if steel not less than 0.68 mm (No. 22 MSG) thick were used and shall be fastened independently of the terminals unless investigation shows no hazard is present when guards are attached to the terminals. 4.5.3.8 Cord sets having a thermostatic control shall be provided with a cord having
25、 an ampacity not less than 10 A. 4.5.3.9 Engine heaters and battery warmers shall be provided with a cord set or a power supply cord. 4.5.3.10 Externaltype automotive engine heaters such as tank, pump, and hoseline heaters that have a thermostatically protected cord set CAN/CSAC22.2 No. l91M89 Oct.
26、1992 Page 17 (Replaces p. 17, Sept. 1989) supplied as part of the assembly shall be constructed so that the heater will not accept a nonthermostatically protected cord set. 4.5.4 Strain Relief 4.5.4.1 Strain relief shall be provided so that mechanical strain on flexible cords will not be transmitted
27、 to terminals, splices or interior wiring when the cord is subjected to strain (see Clause 6.6). 4.5.4.2 Means shall be provided to prevent flexible cords from being pushed into the heater through the cord entry holes, if such displacement is liable to subject the cords to mechanical injury, to expo
28、sure to a temperature that exceeds the cord rating, or is liable to reduce spacings (such as from bare live parts to a metal strain relief) below the acceptable minimum values. Note: In the case of flat cords (eg, Type HPN) having parallel conductors that may be separated, the strain relief may be a
29、pplied to the separated conductors, providing the separated portion of the cord does not extend outside the heater enclosure or bushing. 4.5.4.3 At the point where a flexible cord passes through an opening in a wall, barrier, or enclosure, there shall be a suitable bushing or equivalent that shall b
30、e substantial, reliably secured in place, and shall have a smoothly rounded surface against which the cord may bear. Note: If the hole for the cord is in porcelain, phenolic composition, or other suitable insulating material, or if the metal wall is folded, a smooth, rounded surface may be considere
31、d equivalent to a bushing. 4.6 Electrical Insulation 4.6.1 Bare live parts shall be supported on heatresistant, moisture absorptionresistant insulating material that is suitable for its particular application and that will withstand the most severe conditions likely to be encountered in service. Not
32、e: Materials such as mica, porcelain, phenolic composition, cold-moulded plastic and certain refractory materials are generally acceptable as the sole support of live parts. Materials that are not suitable for general use may be accepted if used in conjunction with other more suitable materials, or
33、if located and protected to prevent mechanical damage and to minimize the absorption of moisture. 4.6.2 The acceptability of insulating material shall include consideration of (a) mechanical strength; (b) dielectric strength; (c) insulation resistance; (d) heat and moistureresistant properties; CAN/
34、CSAC22.2 No. lglM89 - Oct. 1992 Page 18 (Replaces p. 18, Sept. 1989) General Instruction No. 2 CAN/GSA -C22.2 No. 191-M89 December 1990 CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 191-M89, Engine Heaters and Battery Warmers, was published in September 1989; it consisted of 44 pages, each of which was dated Septe
35、mber 1989. Erratum to Clause 6.12.2 is incorporated (and identified by a vertical line in the margin) in the attached replacement pages. CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 191-M89 now consists of the following pages: 330, 3344 dated September 1989; 31 and 32 dated December 1990. These replacement pages
36、are to be inserted into your copy of the Standard; the pages replaced should be kept for reference. electrical or mechanical failure. 6.8.1.4 Switches controlling both motors and heater elements shall be tested as described in Clause 6.8.1.3 except that the load shall include the heater element. 6.8
37、.1.5 In performing the test of Clauses 6.8.1.3 and 6.8.1.4 the duration of the OFF period shall be such that the temperature rise of the windings does not exceed that normally encountered in service, but in no case shall the switch be operated at a rate faster than 10 times per minute. 6.8.1.6 If a
38、universal motor is involved, the dc overload test shall be considered representative of the test for ac. In the event that the switch fails to pass the dc test, but passes the ac test, the appliance shall be marked as required by Clause 5.1(d). 6.8.2 Endurance Switches shall comply with the enduranc
39、e tests required by CSA Standards C22.2 No. 55, and C22.2 No. ill, except that the rated load may be that controlled in the heater. 6.9 Performance of Automatic Temperature Controls Automatic temperature controls shall comply with the requirements of CSA Standard C22.2 No. 24. (See Table 4 for the n
40、umber of cycles of operation for the thermostat endurance test.) 6.10 Endurance The pins and contacts of the supply terminals on heaters having a cord set shall be capable of withstanding 50 cycles of making and breaking 150% of the maximum input current, at the voltage specified in Clause 6.3.3.1 w
41、ithout electrical or mechanical failure of the connector and terminals, or any undue burning, pitting, or other undesirable result. The rate of making and breaking the connection shall be not more than 10 times per minute. 6.11 Performance of Fusible Links 6.11.1 If fusible links are provided in hea
42、ters to prevent the occurrence of excessive temperatures during abnormal operation, the links shall open the circuit as described in Clause 6.11.2 without the shortcircuiting of live parts, the grounding of live parts to the enclosure or to other noncurrentcarrying metal parts, or causing any other
43、hazardous condition. 6.11.2 To determine if the operation of a fusible link complies with the requirement of Clause 6.11.1, the heater shall be connected to a supply circuit of its maximum rated voltage. Five fusible links shall be caused to operate, and each operation shall be acceptable. CAN/CSAC2
44、2.2 No. l9lM89 Dec. 1990 Page 31 (Replaces p. 31, Sept. 1989) 6.11.3 The stability of the operating temperature of fusible links shall be determined by the tests described in CSA Standard C22.2 No. 24. 6.12 Aging of Seals 6.12.1 An internal (coolant immersion) heater having a coolant seal shall be s
45、ubjected to 100 cycles of heating and cooling. Each cycle shall consist of 5 h in an oven at 140C followed by 5 h at 40C in a separate chamber. The heater shall be brought to room temperature before transferring it from one ambient to the other. 6. 12. 2* At the conclusion of the conditioning of Cla
46、use 6.12.1, the heater and seal assembly shall be installed in a tank. With the lapplication of 410 kPa (60 psi) hydrostatic pressure to the inside of the tank, the heater shall comply with the requirements of the dielectric strength test of Clause 6.5 and the current leakage test of Clause 6.7. *Ef
47、fective Date-December 31, 1990 6.13 Thermal Endurance 6.13.1 Battery warmers (except those of the blank type) having metal sheathed elements shall be connected to a supply circuit adjusted to a voltage according to Clause 6.3.3.2 and installed in a manner that simulates the intended application. The
48、 warmers shall then be subjected to 1000 cycles of heating and cooling, each cycle consisting of 60 mm ON and 20 mm OFF. The heater element shall not rupture nor exhibit other mechanical damage. There shall be no emission of flame or molten metal, nor melting of insulation material and the heater sh
49、all comply with the dielectricstrength test of Clause 6.5. 6.13.2 A heater with a rope element shall withstand a 300 h endurance test with the element allowed to cool to room ambient after each 100 h at maximum temperature. After the third cooling to room temperature the heater shall again be heated to its maximum operating temperature and, immediately after disconnection of the power, while the heater is still hot it shall (a) withstand the dielectricstrength test of Clause 6.5; and (b) meet the leakage test requirements of Clause 6.7. 6.14 Flame
