1、P.8-09Thermal efficiencies of industrial and commercial gas-fired package furnacesLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (CSA) standards are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This process brings together volunte
2、ers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus and develop a standard. Although CSA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in achieving consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the content of standards.Disclaimer and exclusion o
3、f liabilityThis document is provided without any representations, warranties, or conditions of any kind, express or implied, including, without limitation, implied warranties or conditions concerning this documents fitness for a particular purpose or use, its merchantability, or its non-infringement
4、 of any third partys intellectual property rights. CSA does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, or currency of any of the information published in this document. CSA makes no representations or warranties regarding this documents compliance with any applicable statute, rule, or regulation. IN NO
5、 EVENT SHALL CSA, ITS VOLUNTEERS, MEMBERS, SUBSIDIARIES, OR AFFILIATED COMPANIES, OR THEIR EMPLOYEES, DIRECTORS, OR OFFICERS, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OR EXPENSES, HOWSOEVER CAUSED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
6、LOST REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOST OR DAMAGED DATA, OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC LOSS, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), OR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF OR RESULTING FROM ACCESS TO OR POSSESSION OR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF CSA HAS BEEN ADVISE
7、D OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OR EXPENSES.In publishing and making this document available, CSA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity or to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to another person or e
8、ntity. The information in this document is directed to those who have the appropriate degree of experience to use and apply its contents, and CSA accepts no responsibility whatsoever arising in any way from any and all use of or reliance on the information contained in this document. CSA is a privat
9、e not-for-profit company that publishes voluntary standards and related documents. CSA has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce compliance with the contents of the standards or other documents it publishes. Intellectual property rights and ownershipAs between CSA and the users of this documen
10、t (whether it be in printed or electronic form), CSA is the owner, or the authorized licensee, of all works contained herein that are protected by copyright, all trade-marks (except as otherwise noted to the contrary), and all inventions and trade secrets that may be contained in this document, whet
11、her or not such inventions and trade secrets are protected by patents and applications for patents. Without limitation, the unauthorized use, modification, copying, or disclosure of this document may violate laws that protect CSAs and/or others intellectual property and may give rise to a right in C
12、SA and/or others to seek legal redress for such use, modification, copying, or disclosure. To the extent permitted by licence or by law, CSA reserves all intellectual property rights in this document.Patent rightsAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this standard may be
13、 the subject of patent rights. CSA shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights is entirely their own responsibility.Authorized use of this documentThis document
14、is being provided by CSA for informational and non-commercial use only. The user of this document is authorized to do only the following:If this document is in electronic form:.load this document onto a computer for the sole purpose of reviewing it;.search and browse this document; and.print this do
15、cument if it is in PDF format. Limited copies of this document in print or paper form may be distributed only to persons who are authorized by CSA to have such copies, and only if this Legal Notice appears on each such copy.In addition, users may not and may not permit others to.alter this document
16、in any way or remove this Legal Notice from the attached standard;.sell this document without authorization from CSA; or.make an electronic copy of this document.If you do not agree with any of the terms and conditions contained in this Legal Notice, you may not load or use this document or make any
17、 copies of the contents hereof, and if you do make such copies, you are required to destroy them immediately. Use of this document constitutes your acceptance of the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice.Update No. 2CAN/CSA-P.8-09July 2010Note: General Instructions for CSA Standards are now call
18、ed Updates. Please contact CSA Information Products Sales or visit www.ShopCSA.ca for information about the CSA Standards Update Service.Title: Thermal efficiencies of industrial and commercial gas-fired package furnaces originally published March 2009Revisions issued: Update No. 1 May 2010If you ar
19、e missing any updates, please contact CSA Information Products Sales or visit www.ShopCSA.ca.The following revisions have been formally approved and are marked by the symbol delta () in the margin on the attached replacement pages:Revised Clause A.1.1New NoneDeleted NoneCAN/CSA-P.8-09 originally con
20、sisted of 37 pages (viii preliminary and 29 text), each dated March 2009. It now consists of the following pages:March 2009 iiiviii, 118, and 2129May 2010 Cover, National Standards of Canada text, title page, and copyright pageJuly 2010 19 and 20 Update your copy by inserting these revised pages.Kee
21、p the pages you remove for reference.Blank pagePhase 1NeutralPhase 3Phase 2AC voltmeterVAR meterThree-phase loadWattmeter orwatt-hour meterT1T2T3V23V13V12 Canadian Standards AssociationThermal efficiencies of industrial and commercial gas-fired package furnacesJuly 2010Legend:T = terminalVxy= voltag
22、e between phase x and phase yNote: A separate single- or three-phase wattmeter and/or VAR (volt-amp reactive) meter might be necessary for power monitoring of a second load such as a power burner, induced draft fan, or auxiliary component.Figure 2Connection of measurement devices (three-phase)(See C
23、lause 9.4.)19(Replaces p. 19, March 2009)P.8-09 Canadian Standards AssociationJuly 2010Annex A (normative)Flue loss calculationsNote: This Annex is a mandatory part of this Standard.A.1 Flue loss calculations (SI units)A.1.1 The following equation shall be used to calculate flue loss in SI units:whe
24、reA = air required for complete combustion, m3per MJ of gas burned under standard conditionsC = carbon dioxide (CO2) in flue gases, percent of total dry constituents in the flue gasesh = relative humidity of air supplied for combustion, percent/100LF= flue loss, percent of heat input rateP = dry con
25、stituents in flue gases from stoichiometric combustion, m3per MJ of gas burned under standard conditionsT = total constituents in flue gases from stoichiometric combustion, m3per MJ of gas burned under standard conditionsTF= flue gas temperature, KTR= room temperature, KU = ultimate carbon dioxide (
26、CO2) of fuel gas, %A.1.2 The appropriate nomograph in Figure A.1 or A.2 may be used for estimation purposes for non-condensing equipment when calculating the flue loss (percent) of a heater operating on normally distributed gases under standard temperature and pressure conditions (15.6 C, 101.3 kPa,
27、 dry), whose characteristics fall within the ranges specified in Table A.1.Table A.1(See Clause A.1.2 and Figures A.1 and A.2.)Characteristic Natural gas Propane HD-5Heating value, MJ/m336.76 41.69 93.4696.34Specific gravity 0.570.70 1.5221.574Ultimate carbon dioxide (CO2), % 11.712.2 13.7313.82LPUT
28、TTTTFFRRFR=+ + ()()982 10100029 2 6 53 10 7 83 101235.ln.+ +()( )()110110017 05 3 47 103TPUTTTTFFRRFln+ +()( )()644 10111017 03 3 295.TTPUCCTTRFFR+10 5 94 1011100 001735ln .TTTTTPRFRF4 1 35 75 1 602 103hAPAUCCTT T TFR R F+ ()( )+750 10187 73.InTTTPFR()(Replaces p. 20, March 2009)20Update No. 1P.8-09
29、May 2010Note: General Instructions for CSA Standards are now called Updates. Please contact CSA Information Products Sales or visit www.ShopCSA.ca for information about the CSA Standards Update Service.Title: Thermal efficiencies of industrial and commercial gas-fired package furnaces originally pub
30、lished March 2009The following revisions have been formally approved:Revised Outside front cover and title pageNew National Standards of Canada textDeleted NoneCSA P.8-09 originally consisted of 37 pages (viii preliminary and 29 text), each dated March 2009. It now consists of the following pages:Ma
31、rch 2009 iiiviii and 129May 2010 Cover, National Standards of Canada text, title page, and copyright page Update your copy by inserting these revised pages.Keep the pages you remove for reference.Blank pageCAN/CSA-P.8-09A National Standard of Canada(approved May 2010)Thermal efficiencies of industri
32、al and commercial gas-fired package furnacesLegal Notice for StandardsCanadian Standards Association (CSA) standards are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the Standards Council of Canada. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and
33、 interests to achieve consensus and develop a standard. Although CSA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in achieving consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the content of standards.Disclaimer and exclusion of liabilityThis document is provided w
34、ithout any representations, warranties, or conditions of any kind, express or implied, including, without limitation, implied warranties or conditions concerning this documents fitness for a particular purpose or use, its merchantability, or its non-infringement of any third partys intellectual prop
35、erty rights. CSA does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, or currency of any of the information published in this document. CSA makes no representations or warranties regarding this documents compliance with any applicable statute, rule, or regulation. IN NO EVENT SHALL CSA, ITS VOLUNTEERS, MEMB
36、ERS, SUBSIDIARIES, OR AFFILIATED COMPANIES, OR THEIR EMPLOYEES, DIRECTORS, OR OFFICERS, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OR EXPENSES, HOWSOEVER CAUSED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, L
37、OST OR DAMAGED DATA, OR ANY OTHER COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC LOSS, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), OR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF OR RESULTING FROM ACCESS TO OR POSSESSION OR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF CSA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES,
38、INJURY, LOSS, COSTS, OR EXPENSES.In publishing and making this document available, CSA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity or to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to another person or entity. The information in this documen
39、t is directed to those who have the appropriate degree of experience to use and apply its contents, and CSA accepts no responsibility whatsoever arising in any way from any and all use of or reliance on the information contained in this document. CSA is a private not-for-profit company that publishe
40、s voluntary standards and related documents. CSA has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce compliance with the contents of the standards or other documents it publishes. Intellectual property rights and ownershipAs between CSA and the users of this document (whether it be in printed or electro
41、nic form), CSA is the owner, or the authorized licensee, of all works contained herein that are protected by copyright, all trade-marks (except as otherwise noted to the contrary), and all inventions and trade secrets that may be contained in this document, whether or not such inventions and trade s
42、ecrets are protected by patents and applications for patents. Without limitation, the unauthorized use, modification, copying, or disclosure of this document may violate laws that protect CSAs and/or others intellectual property and may give rise to a right in CSA and/or others to seek legal redress
43、 for such use, modification, copying, or disclosure. To the extent permitted by licence or by law, CSA reserves all intellectual property rights in this document.Patent rightsAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this standard may be the subject of patent rights. CSA sha
44、ll not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights is entirely their own responsibility.Authorized use of this documentThis document is being provided by CSA for informati
45、onal and non-commercial use only. The user of this document is authorized to do only the following:If this document is in electronic form:.load this document onto a computer for the sole purpose of reviewing it;.search and browse this document; and.print this document if it is in PDF format. Limited
46、 copies of this document in print or paper form may be distributed only to persons who are authorized by CSA to have such copies, and only if this Legal Notice appears on each such copy.In addition, users may not and may not permit others to.alter this document in any way or remove this Legal Notice
47、 from the attached standard;.sell this document without authorization from CSA; or.make an electronic copy of this document.If you do not agree with any of the terms and conditions contained in this Legal Notice, you may not load or use this document or make any copies of the contents hereof, and if
48、 you do make such copies, you are required to destroy them immediately. Use of this document constitutes your acceptance of the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice.The Canadian Standards Association (CSA), under whose auspices this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 1919 and
49、 accredited by the Standards Council of Canada to the National Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, voluntary membership association engaged in standards development and certification activities. CSA standards reflect a national consensus of producers and users including manufacturers, consumers, retailers, unions and professional organizations, and governmental agencies. The standards are used widely
