1、Construction products Assessment of release of dangerous substancesPart 3: Horizontal up-flow percolation testPD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS16637-3:2016
2、.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/557, Construction products - Assessment of dangerous substances.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessa
3、ry provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 57321 7ICS 13.040.20; 19.040; 91.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Publ
4、ished Document was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16637-
5、3 June 2016 ICS 19.040; 13.040.20; 91.100.01 English Version Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 3: Horizontal up-flow percolation test Produits de construction - Evaluation de lmission de substances dangereuses - Partie 3 : Essai horizontal de percolation lc
6、oulement ascendant Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefhrlichen Stoffen - Teil 3: Horizontale Perkolationsprfung im Aufwrtsstrom This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 15 March 2016 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initial
7、ly to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the
8、CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies
9、of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain
10、, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide f
11、or CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 EPD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 (E) 2 Contents PageEuropean foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Symbols and abbreviations 10 4.1 Symbols 10 4.2 Abbreviations 11 5 Principle 11 6
12、Reagents 12 7 Equipment 12 8 Sample preparation . 14 8.1 General . 14 8.2 Preparation of the test sample 14 8.2.1 Principles 14 8.2.2 Rules of application . 15 8.3 Test portion 16 8.4 Drying . 16 8.5 Subsampling . 16 8.6 Sieving of samples into fractions 16 8.7 Size reduction of particles 17 9 Test
13、procedure 17 9.1 Temperature 17 9.2 Determination of dry residue 17 9.3 Pre-treatment of the column 17 9.4 Packing of the column 18 9.5 Start of the test 18 9.5.1 Equilibration 18 9.5.2 Calculation of the flow rate . 18 9.6 Collection of eluates 18 9.7 Further preparation of the eluates for analysis
14、 21 9.8 Blank test 21 10 Evaluation of measurement results 21 10.1 Expression of results in concentrations. 21 10.2 Expression of results in terms of mass related release 22 11 Documentation and test report. 22 12 Test performance . 24 13 Indirect methods 24 13.1 Definition 24 13.2 Provisions . 24 P
15、D CEN/TS 16637-3:2016CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 (E) 3 13.3 Examples of “indirect” methods 24 Annex A (informative) Examples for sample preparation procedure 25 A.1 General . 25 A.2 Example 1 25 A.3 Example 2 26 Annex B (informative) Illustration of the column and accompanying equipment 28 Annex C (normativ
16、e) Procedures for packing and saturation of the column 29 C.1 General . 29 C.2 Column filling and packing 29 C.3 Procedure for packing 29 C.4 Water saturation . 30 Annex D (informative) Assessment of release mechanism(s) . 32 D.1 Overview of release mechanisms . 32 D.2 Overview of release mechanisms
17、 . 33 D.3 Overview of release mechanisms . 37 D.4 Examples 38 Bibliography . 54 PD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (CEN/TS 16637-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351 “Construction Products: Assessment of release of dangerous substan
18、ces”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2016 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016. A
19、ttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
20、 and the European Free Trade Association. This Technical Specification was elaborated on the basis of CEN/TS 14405. This Technical Specification specifies an up-flow percolation test to determine the leaching behaviour of granular construction products under standardized percolation conditions. CEN/
21、TS 16637-1 deals with the determination and use of test methods for leaching of construction products taking specific situations into account. CEN/TS 16637-2 specifies a dynamic surface leaching test for determination of surface dependent release of substances from monolithic or plate-like or sheet-
22、like construction products or granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity under standardized conditions. Background information on characterization of leaching behaviour of construction products can be found in Technical Reports provided by CEN/TC 351 (i.e. CEN/TR 16098 and CEN/TR
23、 16496). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fr
24、ance, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 (E) 5 Introduction This introduction
25、 describes the interactions and interrelations between the three Technical Specifications CEN/TS 16637-1, CEN/TS 16637-2 and CEN/TS 16637-3 developed to assess the release of dangerous substances from construction products into soil, surface water and ground water in the framework of the Mandate M/3
26、66. The horizontal test methods developed under the Mandate M/366 are intended to be used to show compliance with notified regulations. The tests cover the release of substances from construction products and in particular, those that are regulated in notified regulations in one or more EU member st
27、ates. CEN/TS 16637-1 specifies how the CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA experts are to determine the appropriate leaching test for the determination of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from a construction product into soil, surface water and groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-2 describe
28、s a test to assess surface dependent release from monolithic, plate-like or sheet-like construction products while CEN/TS 16637-3 describes a horizontal test to assess release from granular construction products. The test methods specified in CEN/TS 16637-2 and CEN/TS 16637-3 can be used for both st
29、eps in the hierarchy (type testing and factory production control) and are supposed to be used as the reference test for the intended uses and conditions specified in CEN/TS 16637-1. In this hierarchy of testing conditionally “indirect tests” can be used, but are not specified. CEN/TS 16637-2 includ
30、es a procedure with a modified tank leaching test GLHC for testing granular products with a low hydraulic conductivity as determined by failure to achieve a sufficient water flow in the percolation test. The release of substances upon contact with water results in a potential risk to the environment
31、 during the intended use of construction products. The intent of these tests is to identify the leaching behaviour of construction products and thereby allow assessments of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from such products to soil, surface water and groundwater under intended use cond
32、itions in relation to CE marking. Technical Product Committees are expected to apply the test standards developed in CEN/TC 351 for their products in order to test the potential release of Regulated Dangerous Substances to soil, surface water and groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-1 is intended to provide cl
33、ear procedures to determine which test method is appropriate for a given product. CEN/TS 16637-1 aims to provide the information, needed in a CEN Technical Product Committee, on how to deal with the relevant test method(s) to enable the producer to declare a performance in the CE marking as a result
34、 of the test. CEN Technical Product Committees are referred to the informative Annexes A and B of CEN/TS 16637-1 and to CEN/TR 16098 for background information on the following aspects: a) identification of the products addressed in the product standards which have relevance withrespect to the relea
35、se of dangerous substances into soil, surface water and groundwater (productsonly applied in the interior of buildings are not subject to testing for these properties);b) description of the intended use conditions of the construction product (e.g. above ground exposedto the precipitation, or shielde
36、d from direct infiltration, in surface or ground water) in respect tothe release of dangerous substances into soil, surface water and groundwater;c) identification of main release mechanisms.Impact assessment is not part of the work of CEN/TC 351. In addition to existing validation results, in 2011
37、CEN/TC 351 began an extensive research program on robustness validation of the existing tank leaching and percolation tests. This was carried out by a consortium of European experts on 20 construction products to unify differences from the protocols in different CEN-Member States and to check the in
38、fluence of testing conditions on the test result (e.g. PD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 (E) 6 temperature, flow rate, renewal scheme, particle size in the percolation test etc., see bibliography. The results of the research program confirmed the robustness of the horizontal tests known from
39、 former works. Conclusions from the program have been implemented into the Technical Specifications for the test methods. However, the performance of the leaching test regarding repeatability and reproducibility is dependent on the tested construction product and on the testing conditions. When thes
40、e Technical Specifications of the horizontal leaching tests are adopted by CEN, the leaching tests referred to in these Technical Specifications will not yet be fully validated. No data will be available on repeatability and reproducibility for the range of construction products. For other, sometime
41、s comparable, matrices performance data are available from national as well as EU validation studies. PD CEN/TS 16637-3:2016CEN/TS 16637-3:2016 (E) 7 1 Scope (1) This Technical Specification specifies an Up-flow Percolation Test (PT) which is applicable to determine the leaching behaviour of inorgan
42、ic and non-volatile organic substances from granular construction products. The test is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions. The construction products are subjected to percolation with water as a function of liquid to solid ratio under specified percolation conditi
43、ons. The method is a once-through column leaching test. (2) This up-flow percolation test is performed under specified test conditions for construction products and does not necessarily produce results that mimic specific intended use conditions. This test method produces eluates, which can subseque
44、ntly be characterized by physical, chemical and ecotoxicological methods according to existing standard methods. The results of eluate analysis are presented as a function of the liquid/solid ratio. The test results enable the distinction between different leaching behaviour. NOTE 1 Volatile organic
45、 substances include the low molecular weight substances in mixtures such as mineral oil. NOTE 2 It is not always possible to adjust test conditions simultaneously for inorganic and organic substances and test conditions may also vary between different groups of organic substances. Test conditions fo
46、r organic substances are generally more stringent than those for inorganic substances. The test conditions are generally described in a way that they fit testing organic substances and are also applicable to inorganic substances depending on the set-up. NOTE 3 For ecotoxicity testing, eluates repres
47、enting the release of both inorganic and organic substances are needed. In this document, ecotoxicological testing is meant to include also genotoxicological testing. Construction products that exhibit a saturated hydraulic conductivity of about 108m/s or higher can usually be subjected to this test
48、. This procedure is also applicable to materials showing solidification in the column, if the final hydraulic conductivity is within the specified range. Inert granular material should not be added to improve permeability in order to enable their testing. NOTE 4 This procedure is generally not appli
49、cable to products that are easily biologically degradable and products reacting with the leachant, leading, for example, to excessive gas emission or excessive heat release, impermeable hydraulically bound products or products that swell in contact with water. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
