1、ICS 91.100.30Hohlwandplatten aus LeichtbetonIn keeping with current practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization(ISO), a comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker.Ref. No. DIN 18148 : 2000-10English price group 07 Sales No. 010705.04DEUTSCHE NORM O
2、ctober 2000 No part of this translation may be reproduced without the prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the
3、German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text.Hollow lightweight concrete blocks for wallsContinued on pages 2 to 7.SupersedesOctober 1975 edition.18148ContentsPageForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Constituent materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5、. . .24.2 Binder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24.3 Aggregates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24.4 Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24.5 Admixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Requireme
6、nts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 Shape and dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35.2 Apparent density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.3 Compressive strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Page6 Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7、. . . . . . . . 57 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58.1 Shape and dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58.2 Apparent density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58.3 Compressi
8、ve strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Conformity assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69.2 Factory production control . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69.3 Third-party inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9、69.4 Confirmation of conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .610 Delivery note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7ForewordThis standard has been prepared by Technical Committee 06.10.00 Beton-, Leichtbeton-Mauersteine undLeichtbetonwandbauplatten of the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Buil
10、ding and Civil Engineering StandardsCommittee).AmendmentsThis standard differs from the October 1975 edition in that it has been revised in form and substance.Previous editionDIN 18148: 1975-10.Page 2DIN 18148 : 2000-10All dimensions are in millimetres.1 ScopeThis standard specifies requirements and
11、 methods of test for hollow lightweight concrete blocks, used to buildwalls and components whose load is mainly self-weight, particularly for internal non-loadbearing partitions toDIN 4103-1.2 Normative referencesThis standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other public
12、ations. These norma-tive references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the titles of the publications are listed below.For dated references, subsequent amendment to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standardonly when incorporated in it by amendment or revision
13、. For undated references, the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies.DIN 1045-2 Plain, reinforced and prestressed concrete structures Specification, performance, produc-tion and conformity of concrete (Application document for use with DIN EN 206)DIN 1060-1 Building lime Concepts, requ
14、irements and inspectionDIN 1164 Special cement Composition, requirements and conformity evaluationDIN 4103-1 Internal non-loadbearing partitions Requirements and testingDIN 4226-1 Aggregates for mortar and concrete Normal-weight and heavy aggregatesDIN 4226-2 Aggregates for mortar and concrete Light
15、weight aggregatesDIN 51043 Trass cement Requirements and testingDIN EN 450 Fly ash for concrete Definitions, requirements and quality controlDIN EN 12878 Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime Specificationsand methods of test3 ConceptHollow lightweight concrete
16、 block for wallsMasonry unit, closed on five sides, in which voids pass through the unit normal to the bed face.4 Constituent materials4.1 GeneralHollow lightweight concrete blocks shall be made from mineral aggregate and hydraulic binders.The constituent materials, mixing ratio, method of productio
17、n and curing method shall be selected so that therequirements of this standard are met.4.2 BinderOnly cement to DIN 1164 or hydraulic binder covered by an agrment1) may be used as the binder.4.3 AggregatesOnly aggregates may be used that are suitable for use in the production of lightweight concrete
18、 (cf. DIN 1045-2)and conform to DIN 4226-2 or else are covered by an agrment1) proving their suitability for use in makinghollow blocks. It is permitted to add heavy aggregates as specified in DIN 4226-1 provided this does not exceed25% of the total volume of concrete after compaction.4.4 AdditivesA
19、dditives may comprise building lime to DIN 1060-1, stone dust to DIN 4226-1, trass to DIN 51043 and fly ashto DIN EN 450 or additives covered by an agrment1) proving their suitability for use in the production of theblocks.The addition of anorganic pigments (cf. DIN EN 12878) is permitted provided t
20、hese do not adversely affect theproperties of the blocks.4.5 AdmixturesOnly admixtures may be used that are covered by an agrment1).1) Agrments (building inspectorate approval certificates) are issued by the Deutsches Institut fr Bautechnik(German Institute for Building Technology), Kolonnenstrae 30
21、 L, 10829 Berlin, Germany.Page 3DIN 18148 : 2000-105 Requirements5.1 Shape and dimensions5.1.1 ShapeThe shape of the hollow blocks shall be on the lines of the types given in figures 1 and 2. The longitudinal shellwalls shall be strengthened by at least one web across the block. The headers may be p
22、lane, or have grooveor tongue and groove systems.Figure 1: Hollow lightweight concrete block with plane header (example)Figure 2: Hollow lightweight concrete block with grooved header (example)5.1.2 DimensionsThe external dimensions of hollow lightweight concrete blocks shall be as given in table 1,
23、 the minimumdimensions of webs and shell as given in table 2. Accessory blocks required to provide an appropriate masonrybond may have other dimensions.Page 4DIN 18148 : 2000-10Table 1: External dimensions of blocksFormat symbolLength, l Width, b Height, h(t 3) (t 3) (t 4)1010023810x4901)17511,51152
24、3811,5x 175Tongued and grooved headers shall be fully interlocking.1) Hollow blocks with grooved headers may also be 495 mm long.Table 2: Dimensions of shell, webs and grooveBlock width, Min. upperb shell(t 3) a cd thickness, ef g100 3030 201)15 45152)115 351) d shall be not less than 30 mm in block
25、s with only one web.2) The groove shall be 20 mm deep in blocks 495 mm in length.Header grooveMinimum shell side web thickness5.2 Apparent densityThe mean apparent density of hollow lightweight concrete blocks shall be as specified in table 3.Individual values shall not exceed the upper or lower lim
26、its for the mean apparent density in each class by morethan 0,1 kg/dm3.Table 3: Apparent density of blocksApparent density class Mean apparent density1), in kg/dm30,6 0,51 to 0,60,7 0,61 to 0,70,8 0,71 to 0,80,9 0,81 to 0,91,0 0,91 to 1,01,2 1,01 to 1,21,4 1,21 to 1,41) Determined as specified in su
27、bclause 8.2.1.5.3 Compressive strengthThe mean compressive strength of blocks, measured 28 days after production or on leaving the factory, shallbe not less than 2,5 N/mm2, with individual values not less than 2 N/mm2.Page 5DIN 18148 : 2000-106 DesignationHollow lightweight concrete blocks conformin
28、g to this standard shall be designated as follows, in the orderstated: type of product, DIN number, block code, apparent density class, format symbol.EXAMPLE:Designation of a hollow lightweight concrete block (Hpl) of 0,8 kg/dm3apparent density (0,8) and with formatsymbol 11,5:Concrete block DIN 181
29、48 Hpl 0,8 11,5Hollow lightweight concrete blocks may also be named after the aggregate used if the volume of the other typesof aggregate does not exceed 15% of that of the concrete in its compacted state.7 MarkingEach batch (e.g. package of blocks) or at least every fiftieth block shall be marked w
30、ith the apparent densityclass and the manufacturers mark.8 Testing8.1 Shape and dimensions8.1.1 MeasurementIt shall be checked whether the dimensions of blocks are as specified in subclause 5.1.2.The length, width and height shall be measured using vernier calipers, and shall be determined as the ar
31、ithmeticmean of two measurements. The length and width shall be measured on the upper bed face, and the webthicknesses at the lower bed face. When measuring the length of tongued and grooved blocks, measurementsshall be compared with the system length.8.1.2 Expression of resultThe external dimension
32、s shall be given to the nearest millimetre. In addition, it shall be stated whether the shellthickness, the thickness and number of webs, and the form and dimensions of any tongues and grooves arecorrect.8.2 Apparent density8.2.1 MeasurementThe apparent density shall be determined by dividing the dr
33、y mass of a block by its volume (i.e. the productof its length, width and height, measured as specified in subclause 8.1.1), with the dry mass based on the massof whole blocks or representative pieces of block dried to constant mass at 105 C.8.2.2 Expression of resultThe apparent density shall be th
34、e arithmetic mean of the individual measurements, given in kg/dm3to twodecimal places.8.3 Compressive strength8.3.1 ProcedureThe compressive strength shall be determined using air-dried blocks.The bed faces of the specimens shall be levelled by spreading over them capping mortar (consisting of one p
35、artby volume of cement, mixed with one part by volume of 0/1 fine sand) or gypsum plaster, in a uniform layer and,where possible, avoiding the occurrence of cracks. Care shall be taken to ensure voids are free of mortar. Thecapping mortar shall be given adequate time to harden and the block adequate
36、 time to dry before testing isperformed.The load shall be applied normal to the bed face of the specimens until failure occurs, with the load being slowlyand gradually increased so that the compressive stress is increased by 0,2 N/mm2per second.8.3.2 Expression of resultThe compressive strength shal
37、l be calculated by dividing the maximum load the specimen can withstand beforefailure by the product of the length and width of the specimen. The individual values measured and thearithmetic mean shall be given in the test report in N/mm2, to one decimal place.Page 6DIN 18148 : 2000-109 Conformity a
38、ssessment9.1 GeneralEach factory shall obtain possession of confirmation that the blocks produced comply with the specificationsof this standard on the basis of factory production control procedures and third-party inspection including typetesting of the blocks as set out below. The manufacturer of
39、the blocks shall seek the services of an accreditedinspection body and an accredited certification body to arrange for third party inspection including producttesting and to obtain a certificate of conformity.9.2 Factory production control9.2.1 GeneralA system of factory production control procedure
40、s shall be operated in each factory. This shall comprisecontinual monitoring of production by the manufacturer to ensure the products meet the specifications of thisstandard.9.2.2 ProcedureAt each place of production, the manufacturer shall have at his disposal qualified personnel and the necessarym
41、eans and equipment. He shall appoint a party responsible for factory production control procedures at thesite.9.2.3 Constituent materials and productionDuring the production process, tests shall be carried out on constituent materials and checks shall be madeof the production. The type and scope of
42、such tests and checks shall be adjusted to suit the productionconditions.9.2.4 End productsThe manufacturer shall monitor the properties of the blocks. The type, minimum scope and minimum frequencyof product testing to be carried out as part of factory production control shall be as follows:a) heigh
43、t: one test per day of production on three blocks;b) dimensions, apparent density and compressive strength: one test per week of production on threeblocks.Should any result prove unsatisfactory, the manufacturer shall immediately take corrective action. Productsthat do not meet the requirements shal
44、l be processed so as to preclude their confusion with products conform-ing to the standard.9.2.5 RecordsThe test results shall be recorded in clear, written form and shall be evaluated. Records of factory productioncontrol procedures shall be kept for a period of at least five years and made availab
45、le to the inspection bodyon request.9.3 Third-party inspection9.3.1 Initial inspectionPrior to the onset of routine inspections, the inspection body shall carry out the full type testing programmeusing twice the number of specimens specified for routine inspections in subclause 9.3.2, in order to es
46、tablishwhether the blocks conform to the standard. The inspection body also has to ascertain that the manufacturerspersonnel and equipment are such as to enable continuous, trouble-free production and factory productioncontrol.9.3.2 Routine inspectionsRoutine inspections shall involve checking the f
47、actory production control procedures, human resources andequipment, and product testing.Routine inspections shall be carried out at suitable intervals, but not less than twice yearly.Product testing shall be carried out on at least three blocks taken at random, and shall cover the full range ofstren
48、gth and apparent density classes produced. The properties checked shall comprise dimensions, apparentdensity and compressive strength. If necessary to avert consequential damage, the recipient may need to beinformed where testing of the end product gives unsatisfactory results.9.4 Confirmation of co
49、nformity9.4.1 Issue of certificate of conformityTo obtain a certificate of conformity, the following shall be submitted to the certification body:a) the report of the inspection body on the initial inspection (if performed);b) a report of the inspection body containing the results of routine inspections.Page 7DIN 18148 : 2000-10The certification body will issue a certificate of conformity if the report from the inspection body confirms thatthe results meet the requirements of the standard and the compliance criteria.The certificate of conformity remains valid
