1、January 2009DEUTSCHE NORM English price group 12No part of this standard may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 13.110; 13.180!$U(s“15
2、00580www.din.deDDIN EN 1005-4Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation tomachinery (includes Amendment A1:2008)English version of DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01Sicherheit von Maschinen Menschliche krperliche Leistung Teil 4: Bewertung von
3、Krperhaltungen und Bewegungen bei der Arbeit an Maschinen(enthlt nderung A1:2008)Englische Fassung DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01SupersedesDIN EN 1005-4:2005-08www.beuth.deDocument comprises 24 pagesDIN EN 1005-4:2009-01 2 Start of validity This standard takes effect on 1 January 2009. DIN EN 1005-4:2005-08
4、may be used in parallel until 28 December 2009. National foreword This standard includes safety requirements within the meaning of the Gerte- und Produktsicherheitsgesetz (GPSG) (German Equipment and Consumer Goods Safety Law) and in connection with European legislation (EC Machinery Directive), whi
5、ch has been implemented by national legislation. This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) taking into account the new revised EU Machinery Directive. The responsible German bodies involved in its preparation were the Normenausschuss E
6、rgonomie (Ergonomics Standards Committee) and the Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee), Joint Technical Committee NA 023-00-03 GA Anthropometrie und Biomechanik. This standard concretizes the basic requirements set out in Annex I of the EU Machinery Directive 98/
7、37/EC (valid until 28 December 2009) and the new EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC which becomes applicable on 29 December 2009 relating to machinery to be placed on the EEA market, with the intent of simplifying the means of proving conformity with such requirements. Once this standard is designate
8、d a harmonized standard in the Official Journal of the European Union, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (the so-called “presumption of conformity”). Amendments This standard differs from DIN EN 1005-4:2005-08 as follows: a)
9、Inclusion of Annex ZB (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC”. Previous editions DIN EN 1005-4: 2005-08 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1005-4:2005+A1 October 2008 ICS 13.110; 13.180 Supersedes EN 1005
10、-4:2005 English Version Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery Scurit des machines - Performance physique humaine - Partie 4: Evaluation des postures et mouvements lors du travail en relation avec les machines
11、Sicherheit von Maschinen - Menschliche krperliche Leistung - Teil 4: Bewertung von Krperhaltungen und Bewegungen bei der Arbeit an Maschinen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 February 2005 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with
12、 the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Cen
13、tre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the offici
14、al versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slove
15、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN
16、national Members. Ref. No. EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008: EEN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008 (E) Contents Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Requirements.6 4.1 General6 4.2 Guidance towards risk assessment 6 4.2.1 General6 4.2.2 Establish the operator population
17、.7 4.2.3 Perform a task analysis.7 4.2.4 Identify the ergonomic data required 7 4.2.5 Evaluate at the drawing-table/CAD-screen .8 4.2.6 Evaluate with operators 8 4.3 Risk assessment8 4.3.1 General8 4.3.2 Trunk .10 4.3.3 Upper arm .14 4.3.4 Head and neck15 4.3.5 Other body parts18 Annex ZA (informati
18、ve) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/79/EC .20 Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“.21 Bibliography 22 Page 2 DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential EN 1005-4:2005+A1
19、:2008 (E) Foreword This document (EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement,
20、at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-08-18. This document supersedes EN 1005-4:2005. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated
21、in the text by tags ! “. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which
22、are integral parts of this document.“ EN 1005 consists of the following Parts, under the general title Safety of machinery - Human physical performance: Part 1: Terms and definitions; Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery; Part 3: Recommended force limits for machiner
23、y operation; Part 4: Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery; Part 51: Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency. This European Standard includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of t
24、he following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak
25、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 1 This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. 3 DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01 EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction About one third of all workers in the European Union are involved in painful or tiring postu
26、res for more than half of their working day, and close to 50 % of all workers are exposed to short repetitive tasks, which are mostly accompanied by painful and tiring movements 2. Pain and fatigue may lead to musculoskeletal disorder, reduced productivity, and deteriorated posture and movement cont
27、rol. The latter can increase the risk of errors and may result in reduced quality and hazardous situations. Within the life cycle of a machine, from construction to dismantling, all machine-related actions require certain postures and movements. The role of the machinery designer should be to avoid
28、painful and tiring postures and movements. The requirements in this European Standard aim to reduce the health risks associated with machine-related actions and could also have a positive effect on the quality, efficiency and profitability of those actions. The requirements in this European Standard
29、 are based on current ergonomic knowledge and expert opinions, and will be subject to changes in accordance with future research 1. This document is a type B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The provisions of this European Standard can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. For machi
30、nes which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. 4DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01 EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope
31、 This European Standard presents guidance when designing machinery or its component parts in assessing and affecting health risks due only to machine-related postures and movements, i.e. during assembly, installation, operation, adjustment, maintenance, cleaning, repair, transport, and dismantlement
32、. This European Standard specifies requirements for postures and movements without any or with only minimal external force exertion. The requirements are intended to reduce the health risks for nearly all healthy adults. This European Standard is not applicable to the machinery, which is manufacture
33、d before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced docu
34、ment (including any amendments) applies. EN 547-1, Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery. EN 547-2, Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 2: Principles for determinin
35、g the dimensions required for access openings. EN 547-3, Safety of machinery - Human body measurements - Part 3: Anthropometric data. EN 614-1, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles - Part 1: Terminology and general principles. EN 894-1, Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for
36、the design of displays and control actuators - Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators. EN 894-2, Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 2: Displays. EN 894-3, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic
37、s requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 3: Control actuators. EN 1005-1:2001, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 1: Terms and definitions. EN 1005-2, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and compon
38、ent parts of machinery. EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation. prEN 1005-52, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 5: Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency. EN 1050, Safety of machi
39、nery Principles for risk assessment. EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003). EN ISO 12100-2, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principle
40、s (ISO 12100-2:2003). 2This European Standard is under preparation by CEN/TC 122/WG 4 “Biomechanics“. 5DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01 EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008 (E) 6 EN ISO 14738, Safety of machinery - Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery. (ISO 14738:2002). ISO 11226:2000, Erg
41、onomics - Evaluation of static working postures. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1005-1:2001 and EN ISO 12100-1:2003 apply. 4 Requirements 4.1 General It is recommended that those using this European Standard should first refe
42、r to EN 1050, EN ISO 12100-1, EN ISO 12100-2, and EN 614-1. The requirements conveyed by this European Standard formally apply to all machine-related actions. Assessing each individual action may be impracticable, therefore those actions which are frequently undertaken or are infrequent but may give
43、 rise to risk of pain, fatigue or disorder shall be part of the risk assessment. NOTE It is emphasised that the requirements in this European Standard should not be used to regulate work organisation. Above all, machinery design shall allow for variation between and while sitting, standing, and walk
44、ing. Awkward body postures and movements shall be avoided (e.g. kneeling, crouching). Good design shall encourage low frequency movements and avoid painful and tiring postures and high frequency movements (see 4.3). This European Standard adopts a stepwise risk assessment approach for assessing post
45、ures and movements as part of the machinery design process (see Figure 1). The approach detailed in this European Standard makes a distinction between: Evaluation without operators: When there is no full-size model/prototype of the machinery or its parts currently available (see 4.2.5); Evaluation w
46、ith operators: When a full-size model/prototype of the machinery or its parts is available (see 4.2.6). Clause 4.2 provides guidance during the various design stages. Clause 4.3 provides the risk assessment procedure for determining the acceptability of postures and movements. It is emphasised that
47、there may be information available or obtainable on the use and consequences of particular designs and tasks performed. Provision shall be made for the collection and use of this data. This data shall be analysed to determine whether current designs and practices are adequate or whether a redesign o
48、f the machine is needed. The use of inexperienced subjects to perform established tasks may sometimes identify problems that experienced operators have learned to avoid. 4.2 Guidance towards risk assessment 4.2.1 General Five main stages of the design process based on ergonomic tasks, as outlined in
49、 EN 614-1, are discussed in more detail (see 4.2.2 to 4.2.6 and Figure 1 (texts printed in bold). 6DIN EN 1005-4:2009-01 EN 1005-4:2005+A1:2008 (E) 7 NOTE The numbers in the boxes and the texts to the right refer to sections in this European Standard. Figure 1 Flow chart illustrating the risk assessment approach 4.2.2 Establish the operator population A design shall accommodate the full range of intended operators. When considering the postures and movements of operators, it is important to determine the range of body dimensions of the operator p
