1、February 2015 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 13No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I
2、CS 53.020.20!%?n“2285675www.din.deDDIN EN 13001-3-3Cranes General design Part 3-3: Limit states and proof of competence of wheel/rail contacts;English version EN 13001-3-3:2014,English translation of DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02Krane Konstruktion allgemein Teil 3-3: Grenzzustnde und Sicherheitsnachweis
3、von Laufrad/Schiene-Kontakten;Englische Fassung EN 13001-3-3:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02Appareils de levage charge suspendue Conception gnrale Partie 3-3: Etats limites et vrification daptitude des contacts galet/rail;Version anglaise EN 13001-3-3:2014,Traduction anglaise
4、de DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02SupersedesDIN 15070:1977-12www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 26 pages 01.15 DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard includes safety requi
5、rements. This document (EN 13001-3-3:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes Safety” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the DIN-Normenausschuss Maschinenbau (DIN Standards Committee Mechanical Engineering), Workin
6、g Committees NA 060-22-10 AA Lenkungsausschuss Krane und Hebezeuge and NA 060-22-10-21 AK Konstruktion allgemein of Section Krane und Hebezeuge. Representatives of manufacturers and users of cranes, and of the employers liability insurance associations contributed to this standard. This standard con
7、tains specifications meeting the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the “Machinery Directive”, Directive 2006/42/EC, and which apply to machines that are either first placed on the market or commissioned within the EEA. This standard serves to facilitate proof of compliance with the essent
8、ial requirements of that directive. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, it is deemed a “harmonized” standard and thus, a manufacturer applying this standard may assume compliance with the requirements of the Machinery Directive (“presumption of conformity”). It
9、 should be noted that the term “crane” as in this standard includes all machines for cyclic lifting, or cyclic lifting and handling, of loads suspended on hooks or other load lifting attachments. This means that this standard applies to all other equipment, such as winches, which meets this definiti
10、on. The European Standards referred to in Clause 2 and in the Bibliography of this document have been published as the corresponding DIN EN or DIN EN ISO Standards with the same number. For the International Standards referred to in this standard there are no national standards available unless they
11、 have been published as DIN ISO standards with the same number. This is the first publication of the standard by CEN. Amendments This standard differs from DIN 15070:1977-12 as follows: a) the standard has been completely revised on the basis of the limit state method according to EN 13001-1; b) Ann
12、ex ZA (informative) “Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC” has been included. Previous editions DIN 15070: 1959-04, 1977-12 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13001-3-3 October 2014 ICS 53.020.20 English Version Crane
13、s - General design - Part 3-3: Limit states and proof of competence of wheel/rail contacts Appareils de levage charge suspendue - Conception gnrale - Partie 3-3 : Etats limites et vrification daptitude des contacts galet/rail Krane - Konstruktion allgemein - Teil 3-3: Grenzzustnde und Sicherheitsnac
14、hweis von Laufrad/Schiene-Kontakten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 August 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to
15、-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translat
16、ion under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
17、Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION CO
18、MIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13001-3-3:2014 EEN 13001-3-3:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page
19、 Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations .5 3.1 Terms and definitions .5 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations 6 4 General 7 4.1 General principles7 4.2 Line and point contact cases .8 4.3 Hardness profile below contact surface .9 4.4 Equ
20、ivalent modulus of elasticity . 10 5 Proof of static strength 10 5.1 General . 10 5.2 Design contact force 10 5.3 Static limit design contact force . 11 5.3.1 General . 11 5.3.2 Calculation of the limit design force . 11 5.3.3 Edge pressure in line contact 12 5.3.4 Non-uniform pressure distribution
21、in line contact 12 6 Proof of fatigue strength 13 6.1 General . 13 6.2 Design contact force 13 6.3 Limit design contact force . 13 6.3.1 Basic formula 13 6.3.2 Reference contact force . 14 6.3.3 Contact force history parameter . 14 6.3.4 Contact force spectrum factor 15 6.3.5 Counting of rolling con
22、tacts 15 6.3.6 Relative total number of rolling contacts . 16 6.3.7 Classification of contact force history parameter . 16 6.4 Factors of further influences . 17 6.4.1 Basic formula 17 6.4.2 Edge pressure for fatigue 17 6.4.3 Non-uniform pressure distribution for fatigue 17 6.4.4 Skewing . 17 6.4.5
23、Mechanical drive factor 18 Annex A (informative) Strength properties for a selection of wheel and rail materials 19 Annex B (informative) Conversion table of hardnesses . 20 Annex C (informative) Examples for wheel/rail material pairs and their wear behaviour . 21 Annex D (informative) Selection of
24、a suitable set of crane standards for a given application 22 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 23 Bibliography . 24 DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02EN 13001-3-3:2014(E)3 Foreword This document (EN 13001-3-3:2014) ha
25、s been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2015, and conflicting national sta
26、ndards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared
27、 under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard is one part of
28、 EN 13001, Cranes General design. The other parts are as follows: Part 1: General principles and requirements Part 2: Load actions Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structure Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems Part 3-4: Limit states
29、and proof of competence of machinery Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged hooks For the relationship with other European Standards for cranes, see Annex D. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound
30、 to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
31、 Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02EN 13001-3-3:2014 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared to provide a means for the mechanical design and theoretical verification of cranes to conform with the essen
32、tial health and safety requirements. This European Standard also establishes interfaces between the user (purchaser) and the designer, as well as between the designer and the component manufacturer, in order to form a basis for selecting cranes and components. This European Standard is a type C stan
33、dard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the Scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard
34、 take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02EN 13001-3-3:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2 and as
35、 such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent mechanical hazards of wheel/rail contacts of cranes by design and theoretical verification. This European Standard covers requirements for steel and cast iron wheels and is applicable for metallic wheel/rail contacts only. Ro
36、ller bearings are not in the scope of this European Standard. Exceeding the limits of strength is a significant hazardous situation and hazardous event that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. Clause 5 to Clause 6 of this European Standard are necessary to redu
37、ce or eliminate the risks associated with this hazard. This European Standard is applicable to cranes, which are manufactured after the date of approval of this European Standard by CEN, and serves as a reference base for product standards of particular crane types. This European Standard is for des
38、ign purposes only and should not be seen as a guarantee of actual performance. EN 13001-3-3 deals only with limit state method in accordance with EN 13001-1. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its
39、 application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13001-1, Cranes - General design - Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2, Crane safety - General design -
40、Part 2: Load actions EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 12100, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100) ISO 4306-1, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General ISO 12488-1:2012, Cranes
41、Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks Part 1: General 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100, ISO 4306-1 and the following apply. 3.1.1 wheel rolling component in a
42、rolling contact enabling relative movement between two crane parts EXAMPLE Crane travel wheels, trolley traverse wheels, guide rollers and wheels/rollers supporting slewing structures. Note 1 to entry: Roller elements in rolling bearings are not considered as wheels. DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02EN 13001
43、-3-3:2014(E)6 3.1.2 unit-conform hardness Brinell hardness HBW of the material given with the unit of the modulus of elasticity EXAMPLE A Brinell hardness HBW of 300 results in a unit-conform hardness HB = 300 N/mm2. Note 1 to entry: Annex B provides a table of hardness conversion for different meth
44、ods of hardness measurements. 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviations given in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols and abbreviations Symbols, abbreviations Description b Effective load-bearing width DwWheel diameter EmEquivalent modulus of elasticity
45、 ErModulus of elasticity of the rail material EwModulus of elasticity of the wheel material F Wheel load FRd,sLimit design contact force FSd,sDesign contact force FRd,fLimit design contact force for fatigue FSd,fMaximum design contact force for fatigue FSd,f,iDesign contact force for fatigue in cont
46、act (i) FSd0,sNon-factored design contact force (calculated with partial safety factors set to 1) FuReference contact force ffFactors of further influences in fatigue ff1Decreasing factor for edge pressure in fatigue ff2Decreasing factor for non-uniform pressure distribution in fatigue ff3Decreasing
47、 factor for skewing in fatigue ff4Decreasing factor for driven wheels in fatigue f1Decreasing factor for edge pressure f2Decreasing factor for non-uniform pressure distribution fyYield stress or 0,2 % proof stress of the material, prior to surface hardening when this process is applied. In the text
48、of the standard only the term yield stress is used to denote either. HBW Brinell hardness HB Unit-conform hardness, N/mm2 i Index of a rolling contact DIN EN 13001-3-3:2015-02EN 13001-3-3:2014 (E) 7 Symbols, abbreviations Description iDNumber of rolling contacts at reference point itotTotal number of rolling contacts during the design life of wheel or rail m Slope constant of log F/log N-curve for rolling contacts kcContact force spectrum factor rkRadius of the crowned rail head or the second wheel radius r3
