1、DEUTSCHE NORM DIN EN 13814 ICS 91.040.99; 97.200.99 June 2005 DIN Supersedes parts of DI N 4112, February 1983 edition. Fairground and amusement park machinery and structures Safety English version of DIN EN 13814 Fliegende Baut en und Anlagen fUr Veranstaltungsplatze und Vergni.igungsparks- Sicherh
2、eit National foreword This standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 152 Fairground and amusement park machinery and struc tures - Safety (Secretariat: Italy). The responsible German body i nvolved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Bauwesen (Building and Civil Engineering Standards Committee), T
3、echnical Committee 11.15.00 Fliegende Bauten; Jahrmarkt und Freizeitparkmaschinen, -gerate und -bauten; Sicherheit. Amendments The standard differs from DIN 4 112, February 1983 edit ion, as follows. a) It has been completely revised. b) The design method has been changed from the global safety conc
4、ept with permitted stresses to the semiprobabilistic system using partial safety factors . c) Additional technical developments have been taken into consideration. d) Requirements for marquees are no longer included. A standard 0111 the subject is currently in prepa ration. Previous editions DIN 411
5、2: 1968x-05, 1960-03, 1983-02; Supplement to DIN 4112:1962- 10. No part of this standard may be reproduced without the prior permission of DIN Deutsches lnstitut fur Normung e. V. , Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10 772 Berlin, Germany, has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (0/N-Normen).
6、Document comprises 197 pages. En 9lish price group 35 www.din.de www.beuth.de ll llllllll llllllllllllll 09.05 9653214 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13814 ,. NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM December 2004 ICS 91 .040.99 English version Fairground and amusement park machinery and structures Safety Machines e
7、t structures pour fetes fo raines et pares dattraction - Securite Fliegende Bauten und Anlagen fUr Ver anstaltungsplatze und VergnOgungs parks - Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2004-05-19. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipul
8、ate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national stand ards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. The European Standards exis
9、t in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies
10、 of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. CEN Europea
11、n Committee for Standardization Comite Europeen de Normalisation Europaisches Komitee fOr Normung Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004. CEN - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national members. Ref. No. EN 13814:2004 E Page2 EN
12、13814:2004 Contents Page Foreword 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions . 10 4 Symbols . 11 5 Common requirements for design analysis and examination 11 5.1 Design documents . 11 5.1.1 General . 11 5.1.2 Description of design and operation . 12 5.1 .3 Design and manufacturing
13、drawings . 12 5.1.4 Principles of analysis 12 5.2 Selection of materials 13 5.2.1 General . 13 5.2.2 Recommended steels 13 5.2.3 Aluminium alloy . 14 5.2.4 Timber . 14 5.2.5 Plastic composites 14 5.2.6 Concrete . 14 5.2.7 Fasteners 14 5.3 Design loads . 15 5.3.1 General 15 5.3.2 Permanent actions .
14、15 5.3.3 Variable ilCtton=t . , . 15 5.3.4 Seismic forces 20 5.3.5 Applicable coefficients for impacts, the vibration of structural components directly travelled over and collisions 20 5.3.6 Load combinations 21 5.4 Structural analysis- Principles . 22 5.4.1 General 22 5.4.2 Analysis principles for
15、various types of rides 22 5.4.3 Roller coasters with rail track bound vehicles . 28 5.4.4 Other railways with track bound vehicles . 35 5.4.5 Grandstands . 35 5.5 Verification of stability 35 5.5.1 Safety against overturning, sliding and lifting . 35 5.5.2 Ground anchorages . 38 5.5.3 Further requir
16、ements 41 5.5.4 Ground support for packing . 41 5.6 Verification of strength . 42 5.6.1 General 42 5.6.2 Predominantly static stress 42 5.6.3 Fluctuating stress 43 5.6.4 Bolts 46 5.6.5 Ropes, chains, safety devices, connectors and adapters . 48 5.7 Structural design and workmanship 51 5.7.1 Arrangem
17、ent, accessibility , 51 5.7.2 Locking and safety devices for fasteners , 51 5.7.3 Joints Intended for dismantling . , . 51 5.7.4 Designing of components subject to fluctuating loads . 51 5.7.5 Supports . , . 52 Page 3 EN 13814:2004 5.7.6 Central masts . 52 5.7.7 Prevention of corrosion and rot . 52
18、6 Requirements for design and manufacture of rides and structures 52 6.1 Risk reduction by prevailing design and safety measures . 52 6.1.1 General . 52 6.1.2 Hazard analysis 52 6.1.3 Risk reduction for platforms, ramps, floors, stairs and walkways . 52 6.1.4 Risk reduction by the use of railings, f
19、encing and guarding 54 6.1.5 Risk reduction in the case of access and egress 57 6.1.6 Risk reduction for passenger units . 58 6.1.7 Risk reduction by special provisions 65 6.2 Supplementary safety requirements for various types of amusement device . 66 6.2.1 Round-abouts with horizontal andlor verti
20、cal movements . 66 6.2.2 Giant wheels, swings (with and without motor drives) 68 6.2.3 Roller coasters, flume rides, dark rides, railways and other rail-guided channel or trackbound devices 70 6.2.4 Maximum deceleration shall not exceed 0,7 g for an emergency and 0.5 g for normal stopping brakes (se
21、rvice brakes) unless special provisions for passengers are installed (lap bars, etc.) . 73 6.2.5 Side shows, booths, win-a-prize and sales stands, mazes, halls of mirrors, fun houses, labyrinths, hammers, ring the bell and similar . 82 6.2.6 Temporary grandstands, maneges, etc . 84 6.2.7 Shooting st
22、ands and trailers, shooting devices . 84 6.3 Mechanical systems . 86 6.4 Manufacture and supply . 90 6.4.1 General . 90 6.4.2 Manufacture 90 6.4.3 Supply . 93 6.5 Initial approval, examination and acceptance- Recommended procedures . 95 6.5.1 General 95 6.5.2 Initial approval of amusement devices .
23、;.;wm 95 6.6 Provisions before supply and use . 98 6.6.1 Log book 98 6.6.2 Official technical dossier 99 6.6.3 Identification marking . 1 00 7 Operation and use of rides and structures 100 7.1 Introduction 100 7.2 Standard documentation 101 7.3 Requirements for Personnel 101 7.4 Duties of the contro
24、ller . 101 7.4.1 General . 101 7.4.2 Buying and selllng . 102 7.4.3 Selection and training of staff 102 7.4.4 Build up ad pull down . 103 7.4.5 Care of equipment . 105 7.4.6 Trial Operations and Checks 107 7 .4. 7 Operation 108 7.4.8 Special duties for the supervision of the operation . 110 7.4.9 Ma
25、intenance, repair and modifications . 114 7.5 Duties of the amusement device operator 115 7.6 Duties of the attendant 117 7.7 Independent examinations . 117 7.7.1 Independent thorough examination . 117 7.7.2 Installation examination 119 7.7.3 Examination after repair and modification 119 7 .7.4 Repo
26、rts . !, , . 120 7.7.5 Examination intervals 120 7.8 Fire 120 7.8.1 General 120 7.8.2 Fire procedures 120 7 .8.3 Provisions. in case of fire 120 7.8.4 Access of emergency services 121 Page4 EN 13814:2004 Annex A (Informative) Fatigue analysis . 123 A.1 General 123 A.2 Symbols and definitions 123 A.3
27、 Requirements for fatigue assessment. 124 A.4 Fatigue strength of steel structures 125 A.4.1 Constant amplitude stress range (Palmgreen-Miner-Rule) . 125 A.4.2 Equivalent constant amplitude stress range at N 125 A.4.3 Equivalent constant amplitude stress range at Nc = 2 x 10 . 126 A.5 Damage assessm
28、ent for combined stresses 127 A.6 Formulae for life time prediction 128 A.6.1 General 128 A.6.2 Basic procedure . 128 A.6.3 Calculation of fatigue life 128 Annex B (normative) Detailed analysis rules . 130 8.1 Swings 130 8.1.1 General 130 8.1.2 Forces on struts . 131 8.1.3 Safety of the swing agains
29、t overtu rnlng . 132 8.1.4 Motor driven swings 134 8 .2 Ferris wheels 134 8.2.1 Loads 134 8 .2.2 Dominant loading cases . 136 8.2.3 Calculation 136 8 .2.4 Erection . 141 8.2.5 General Indications 141 8 .3 ChalrOPianes and suspension roundabouts . 141 8.4 Roundabout with floor (suspended floor and tu
30、rntable roundabouts) 146 8.5 Motor-driven vehicle attractions 147 8.5.1 Motor-driven vehicle attractions with carriageways for unidirectional driving (e. g. car racing tracks, multi storey car tracks, go-cart tracks, motor scooter tracks) . 147 8.5.2 Driving Installations with arbitrary directions o
31、f driving (dodgem cars) . 148 8.6 Steep wall tracks 148 8 .7 Globes . 149 8.8 Installations for artistic aerial displays . 149 8.9 Rotors . 149 8.10 Toboggans 149 8.11 Rolling barrels 150 8.12 Travelling platforms . 150 8.13 Turntables . 150 Annex C (normative) Examination forms . 151 C.1 Thorough e
32、xamination form 151 C.2 Initial examination form 152 Annex D (normative) Electrical equipment and Control systems . 153 D.1 Electrical equipment 153 D.1.1 General 153 D.1.2 Protection class of equipment . 153 D.1.3 Sliding contacts . 153 D.1.4 Earthing systems . 153 D.1.5 Protection against electric
33、 shocks 153 D.1.6 Lightning protection measures 154 D.1.7 Lighting and emergency lighting . 154 D.1.8 Overload and short circuit protection . 154 D.1.9 Additional requirements for water rides . 154 D.2 Control systems . 154 D.2.1 General 154 D.2.2 Relevant standards 155 D.2.3 Safety related control
34、systems elements 155 D.2.4 Stop functions 156 D.2.5 Safety related parameters . 156 D.2.6 Passenger restraint status 157 Page 5 EN 13814:2004 0.2.7 Inhibiting or bypassing of safety functions 157 0.2.8 Control modes . 157 0.2.9 Collision pllevention by control systems 159 Annex E (Informative) Guida
35、nce on design of passenger containment 162 Annex F (Informative) Log Book for an amusement device . 165 Annex G (Informative) Acceleration Effects on Passengers 185 G.1 Medical tolerance- General 185 G.2 Rides 185 G.2.1 General 185 G.2.2 Lateral acceleration (y-dlrectlon) 185 G.2.3 Vertical accelera
36、tion (z-direction) . 185 G.2.4 Combination . 185 Annex H (Informative) Provisions prior to use . 189 H.1 General 189 H.2 Operation Authorisation or Permit 189 H.3 Competence . 189 H.4 Operation authorisation or permit for used and Imported devices 189 H.4.1 Procedure . 189 H.4.2 Transfer 189 H.5 Pro
37、longation and Transfer of the Operation Authorisation or Permit . 190 H.6 Reports for the prolongation of an operation authorisation or permit 190 H.7 Testing 190 H.8 Inspection bodies . 190 H.8.1 General 190 H.8.2 Qualification . 191 H.8.3 Equipment availabllity . 191 H.9 Installation Examination .
38、 191 H.10 Examples of examination intervals used by membell states regulations . 191 H.1 0.1 General 191 H.10.2 Germany 191 H.10.3 Great Britain . 194 H.1 0.4 Italy 196 H.10.5 Netherlands 194 H.10.6 Sweden 194 Annex I (Informative) List of hazards . 195 Bibliography . 196 Page6 EN 13814:2004 Forewor
39、d This document (EN 13814:2004 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 152, “Fairground and amusement park machinery and structures- Safety“, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identica
40、l text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2005. This European standard has been prepared under the mandate M/233 given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. A European Directi
41、ve concerning fairground and amusement machinery does not exist. This European standard forms part of a series of two documents prepared by CEN/TC 152 for fairground and amusement park machinery and structures. The other document is prEN 13782, “Temporary structures - Tents Safety“ In its present st
42、ate this European Standard may require, where mentioned in the different clauses, the application of national standards since some of the basic EN-standards to be used in applying this European Standard are not yet available. The content of this European Standard brings together the different existi
43、ng national regulations and guidelines as far as possible. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ge
44、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Introduction The object of this document is to define safety rules related to structures and machines, whic
45、h are either an integral part of, or constitute the amusement device itself. The safety rules are intended to safeguard persons against the risk of accidents caused by deficiencies in design, manufacture and operation of such structures and machinery. This document is based upon past experienc. e an
46、d risk analyses. Annex A is an informative part of this document providing guidance on the calculation of structural steel parts. Annexes B and C are normative parts of this document giving detailed and necessary calculation or safety rules. Annex D (normative deals with electrical installations and
47、 control systems. Annex E (a nformative deals with guidance on passenger containment. Annex F (informative shows a typical layout of a log book for an amusement device. Annex G (informative) Acceleration effects on passengers. Annex H (informative) Provisions prior to use. Annex I (informative) List
48、 of Hazards for amusement rides. 1 Scope Page 7 EN 13814:2004 This document specifies the minimum requirements necessary to ensure the safe design, calculation, manufacture, installation, maintenance, operation, examination and testing of the following: mobile, temporary or permanently installed mac
49、hinery and structures e. g. roundabouts, swings, boats, ferris wheels, roller coasters, chutes. grandstands, membrane or textile structures, booths, stages, side shows, and structures for artistic aerial displays. The above items are hereafter called amusement devices, which are intended to be installed both repeatedly without degradation or loss of integrity, and temporarily or permanently in fairgrounds and amusement parks or any other locations. Fixed grandstands, construction
