1、October 2016 English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 91.080.40!%“2579896www.din.deDIN
2、 EN 14038-1Electrochemical realkalization and chloride extraction treatments for reinforced concrete Part 1: Realkalization;English version EN 140381:2016,English translation of DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10Elektrochemische Realkalisierung und Chloridextraktionsbehandlungen fr Stahlbeton Teil 1: Realkalisi
3、erung;Englische Fassung EN 140381:2016,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10Ralcalinisation lectrochimique et traitements dextraction des chlorures applicables au bton arm Partie 1: Ralcalinisation;Version anglaise EN 140381:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10SupersedesDIN C
4、EN/TS 140381:200502www.beuth.deDocument comprises 17 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.10.16 DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 14038-1:2016) has be
5、en prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 219 “Cathodic protection” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Material Testing), Working Committee NA 062-01-78 AA Kathodischer Korrosions
6、schutz. Amendments This standard differs from DIN CEN/TS 14038-1:2005-02 as follows: a) the Technical Specification has been adopted as a European Standard; b) the scope has been extended to include post-tensioned prestressing concrete, under certain boundary conditions that are to be observed; c) t
7、he standard has been editorially revised and normative references have been updated; d) a new Clause 4 dealing with quality management systems and personnel has been included; e) details regarding calculation of the buffer capacity of electrolyte solutions have been included; f) the specifications f
8、or the marking of electric cables have been extended; g) the maximum current power supply for operation has been limited; h) NOTES dealing with the dimensioning of electrical connections have been included; i) a NOTE dealing with data recording using automated systems has been included; j) the condi
9、tions for terminating the realkalization treatment have been amended and supplemented; k) the Bibliography has been revised. Previous editions DIN CEN/TS 14038-1: 2005-02 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14038-1 March 2016 ICS 91.080.40 Supersedes CEN/TS 14038-1:2004English Versi
10、on Electrochemical realkalization and chloride extraction treatments for reinforced concrete - Part 1: RealkalizationRalcalinisation lectrochimique et traitements dextraction des chlorures applicables au bton arm - Partie 1: Ralcalinisation Elektrochemische Realkalisierung und Chloridextraktionsbeha
11、ndlungen fr Stahlbeton -Teil 1: Realkalisierung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 January 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alte
12、ration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language mad
13、e by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Eston
14、ia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STAND
15、ARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14038-1:2016 EEN 14038-1:2016 (E) 2 Cont
16、ents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 General 7 4.1 Quality management systems . 7 4.2 Personnel . 7 5 Principle . 7 6 Assessment and repair of the structure 8 6.1 General 8 6.2 Review of records 8 6.3 Inspection 8 6.4 Carbona
17、tion depth measurement . 8 6.4.1 General 8 6.4.2 Determination of chloride content . 8 6.5 Concrete cover thickness and reinforcement location measurements . 9 6.6 Alkali aggregate reaction . 9 6.7 Reinforcement continuity and size . 9 6.8 Repair 9 6.8.1 General 9 6.8.2 Concrete removal 9 6.8.3 Rein
18、forcement preparation 9 7 Materials and apparatus 10 7.1 Calibration of instrumentation . 10 7.2 Anode system . 10 7.2.1 General . 10 7.2.2 Anode 10 7.2.3 Anode zone . 10 7.2.4 Alkaline electrolyte solution 10 7.3 Electric cables 10 7.4 Power supply . 11 8 Installation procedures . 11 8.1 Electrical
19、 continuity of reinforcement . 11 8.2 Performance monitoring . 11 8.3 Installation of anode system 11 8.4 Protection of electrolyte solution 12 8.5 Electrical installation 12 8.6 Preliminary testing and documentation . 12 9 Commissioning, operation and termination of treatment 12 9.1 Visual inspecti
20、on 12 DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 EN 14038-1:2016 (E) 3 9.2 Energizing and adjustment of current output 12 9.3 Routine inspection and maintenance 12 9.4 Realkalization process monitoring 13 9.5 Termination of treatment 13 10 Final report . 13 11 Post-treatment coating and monitoring . 14 Bibliography . 1
21、5 DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 EN 14038-1:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 14038-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 219 “Cathodic protection”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publ
22、ication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CEN
23、ELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 14038-1:2004. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, B
24、elgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Swi
25、tzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 EN 14038-1:2016 (E) 5 Introduction The purpose of realkalization is to provide long-term corrosion protection of steel reinforcement in concrete, which has become carbonated. There are other electrochemical procedures, which can be used
26、 to provide corrosion protection of steel in concrete structures. These include cathodic protection and chloride extraction. There are a European Standard for cathodic protection of steel in concrete (EN ISO 12696) and a Technical Specification for electrochemical chloride extraction (CEN/TS 14038-2
27、). The execution of the provisions of this standard should be carried out by appropriately qualified and competent people, for whose use it has been prepared. DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 EN 14038-1:2016 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a procedure for carrying out impressed current electroc
28、hemical realkalization (ER) of carbonated reinforced concrete in existing structures. It is applicable to atmospherically exposed parts of structures with ordinary reinforcement embedded in concrete. This European Standard does not apply to concrete containing prestressing steel which can suffer hyd
29、rogen embrittlement during realkalization, or to concrete containing epoxy-coated or galvanized reinforcement, or if chloride contamination is contributing to reinforcement corrosion. NOTE In case of post-tensioned prestressing concrete, the endangered tendon strands may be shielded by the tendon du
30、cts from unwanted and/ or exceeded polarization into the cathodic range and respective water reduction. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition c
31、ited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1504-9, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Definitions, requirements, quality control and evaluation of conformity - Part 9: General pri
32、nciples for the use of products and systems EN 14629, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of chloride content in hardened concrete EN 14630, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods -
33、 Determination of carbonation depth in hardened concrete by the phenolphthalein method CEN/TS 14038-2, Electrochemical re-alkalization and chloride extraction treatments for rein-forced concrete - Part 2: Chloride extraction EN ISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys - Basic terms and definitions (
34、ISO 8044) EN ISO 12696:2012, Cathodic protection of steel in concrete (ISO 12696:2012) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 8044 and the following apply. 3.1 realkalization electrochemical treatment for restoring alkalinity to concrete
35、which surrounds reinforcing bars with a high pH pore solution corresponding to sound and non-carbonated concrete DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 EN 14038-1:2016 (E) 7 4 General 4.1 Quality management systems The design, the installation, the energising, the commissioning, the long-term operation of all eleme
36、nts of electrochemical realkalization systems for steel in concrete shall be fully documented. NOTE EN ISO 9000 constitutes a suitable Quality Management Systems Standard which can be utilized. Each element of the work shall be undertaken in accordance with a fully documented quality plan. Each stag
37、e of the design shall be checked and the checking shall be documented. Each stage of the installation, energising, commissioning and operation shall be the subject of appropriate visual, mechanical and/or electrical testing and all testing shall be documented. All test instrumentation shall have val
38、id calibration certificates traceable to national or European Standards of calibration. The documentation shall constitute part of the permanent records for the works. 4.2 Personnel Each aspect of the ER system design, installation, testing of the installation, energising, commissioning and long-ter
39、m operational control shall be under the supervision of personnel with appropriate qualification, training, expertise and experience in the particular element of the work for which they are responsible. NOTE ER of steel in concrete is a specialist multidiscipline activity. Expertise is required in t
40、he fields of electrochemistry, concrete technology, civil and/or structural engineering and cathodic protection engineering. Personnel who undertake the design, supervision of installation, commissioning, supervision of operation, measurements, monitoring and supervision of maintenance of cathodic p
41、rotection systems shall have the appropriate level of competence for the tasks undertaken. EN 15257 constitutes a suitable method of assessing Competence of Cathodic Protection Personnel which may be utilized for ER as well as cathodic protection. Competence of Personnel to the appropriate level for
42、 tasks undertaken should be demonstrated by certification in accordance with EN 15257 and suitable experience with ER or by another equivalent prequalification procedure. 5 Principle Realkalization of reinforced concrete is performed by applying an electric field for a limited period of time between
43、 the steel reinforcement embedded in the concrete and a temporary anode surrounded by an alkaline electrolyte solution containing carbonate or hydroxyl ions temporarily placed on the concrete surface. NOTE 1 The carbonated area treated by realkalization lies beneath the anode and around the first la
44、yer of reinforcement. NOTE 2 Details of the principle underlying this process are given in the European Federation of Corrosion report 1and in LCP report 7. Electrolyte solutions of sodium, potassium and lithium may be used. DIN EN 14038-1:2016-10 EN 14038-1:2016 (E) 8 6 Assessment and repair of the
45、 structure 6.1 General Prior to undertaking realkalization, an assessment of the structure, including its physical condition, its structural integrity and the nature and extent of any repairs which might be needed shall be performed in accordance with EN 1504-9. The investigations specified in 6.2 t
46、o 6.8 shall be carried out in order to: a) determine the suitability of the structure for realkalization; b) provide information for design. 6.2 Review of records All available drawings, specifications, records and notes shall be reviewed for information on the location, quantity, nature (e.g. mild
47、or high strength steel, smooth or deformed bar, galvanized, epoxy-coated) and continuity of the reinforcement, as well as the constituents and quality of the concrete. The possible sensitivity to reduction of bond strength should be evaluated in the case of smooth reinforcement. 6.3 Inspection An in
48、spection shall be carried out to ascertain the type, causes and extent of defects and any features of the structure or of its surrounding environment, which could influence the application and effectiveness of realkalization. All areas of the structure, which require realkalization, shall be checked
49、 for delamination of the concrete cover. Defects such as delaminations, cracks, honeycombing or poor construction joints which could permit significant water penetration, or prevent current flow and thereby impair the effectiveness of the realkalization treatment, shall be recorded. In areas, which have been previously repaired, the repair methods and materials used should be identified, as far as possible. If the concrete behind the repair is to be realkalized, the electr
