1、April 2013 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 18No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS
2、75.160.20!$E)“1973406www.din.deDDIN EN 16214-4Sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids forenergy applications Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers Part 4: Calculation methods of the greenhouse gas emission balanceusing a life cycle analysis approach;English ver
3、sion EN 16214-4:2013,English translation of DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04Nachhaltigkeitskriterien fr die Herstellung von Biokraftstoffen und flssigenBiobrennstoffen fr Energieanwendungen Grundstze, Kriterien, Indikatoren und Prfer Teil 4: Berechnungsmethoden der Treibhausgasemissionsbilanz unter Verwendung
4、 einerkobilanz;Englische Fassung EN 16214-4:2013,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04Critres de durabilit pour la production de biocarburants et de bioliquides pour desapplications nergtiques Principes, critres, indicateurs et vrificateurs Partie 4: Mthodes de calcul du bilan des missions
5、 de GES utilisant une approchedanalyse du cycle de vie;Version anglaise EN 16214-4:2013,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04www.beuth.deDocument comprises 43 pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.02.13 DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04 2 A comma is used
6、as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN 16214-4:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 383 “Sustainability produced biomass for energy applications” (Secretariat: NEN, Netherlands). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Grun
7、dlagen des Umweltschutzes (Principles of Environmental Protection Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 172-00-10 AA Nachhaltigkeitskriterien fr Biomasse. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16214-4 January 2013 ICS 75.160.20 English Version Sustainability criteria for the prod
8、uction of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications - Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers - Part 4: Calculation methods of the greenhouse gas emission balance using a life cycle analysis approach Critres de durabilit pour la production de biocarburants et de bioliquides pour des app
9、lications nergtiques - Principes, critres, indicateurs et vrificateurs - Partie 4: Mthodes de calcul du bilan des missions de GES utilisant une approche danalyse du cycle de vie Nachhaltigkeitskriterien fr die Herstellung von Biokraftstoffen und flssigen Biobrennstoffen fr Energieanwendungen - Grund
10、stze, Kriterien, Indikatoren und Prfer - Teil 4: Berechnungsmethoden der Treibhausgasemissionsbilanz unter Verwendung einer kobilanz This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 September 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditio
11、ns for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in
12、 three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standard
13、s bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloven
14、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for
15、 CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16214-4:2013: EEN 16214-4:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Common elements .5 5 Biofuels and bioliquids production and transport chain 17 6 Overall calculation algorithm 28 Annex A (
16、normative) Global Warming Potentials 32 Annex B (informative) Overall chain calculations . 33 Annex C (informative) A-deviations 37 Annex D (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the requirements of EU Directives 2009/28/EC and 98/70/EC . 39 Bibliography . 41 DIN EN 16214-4:20
17、13-04 EN 16214-4:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16214-4:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 383 “Sustainably produced biomass for energy applications”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by
18、 publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC
19、shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
20、Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 162
21、14-4:2013-04 EN 16214-4:2013 (E) 4 Introduction Directive 2009/28/EC 1 of the European Commission on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, referred to as the Renewable Energy Directive (RED), incorporates an advanced binding sustainability scheme for biofuels and bioliquids for
22、the European market. The RED contains binding sustainability criteria to greenhouse gas savings, land with high biodiversity value, land with high carbon stock and agro-environmental practices. Several articles in the RED present requirements to European Member States and to economic operators in Eu
23、rope. Non-EU countries may have different requirements and criteria on, for instance, the GHG emission reduction set-off. The sustainability criteria for biofuels are also mandated in Directive 98/70/EC 2 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels, via the amending Directive 2009/30/EC 3 (as
24、 regards the specification of petrol, diesel and gasoil and introducing a mechanism to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions). Directive 98/70/EC is referred to as the Fuels Quality Directive (FQD). In May 2009, the European Commission requested CEN to initiate work on standards on: the implem
25、entation, by economic operators, of the mass balance method of custody chain management; the provision, by economic operators, of evidence that the production of raw material has not interfered with nature protection purposes, that the harvesting of raw material is necessary to preserve grasslands g
26、rassland status, and that the cultivation and harvesting of raw material does not involve drainage of previously undrained soil; the auditing, by Member States and by voluntary schemes of information submitted by economic operators; Both the EC and CEN agreed that these may play a role in the implem
27、entation of the EU biofuel and bioliquid sustainability scheme. In the Communication from the Commission on the practical implementation of the EU biofuels and bioliquids sustainability scheme and on counting rules for biofuels (2010/C 160/02, 4), awareness of the CEN work is indicated. It is widely
28、 accepted that sustainability at large encompasses environmental, social and economic aspects. The European Directives make mandatory the compliance of several sustainability criteria for biofuels and bioliquids. This European Standard has been developed with the aim to assist EU Member States and e
29、conomic operators with the implementation of EU biofuel and bioliquids sustainability requirements mandated by the European Directives. This European Standard is limited to certain aspects relevant for a sustainability assessment of biomass produced for energy applications. Therefore compliance with
30、 this standard or parts thereof alone does not substantiate claims of the biomass being produced sustainably. Where applicable, the parts of this standard contain at the end an annex that informs the user of the link between the requirements in the European Directive and the requirements in the CEN
31、Standard. DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04 EN 16214-4:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a detailed methodology that will allow any economic operator in a biofuel or bioliquid chain to calculate the actual GHG emissions associated with its operations in a standardised and transparent manner,
32、taking all materially relevant aspects into account. It includes all steps of the chain from biomass production to the end transport and distribution operations. The methodology strictly follows the principles and rules stipulated in the RED and particularly its Annex V, the EC decision dated 10 Jun
33、e 2010 “Guideline for calculation of land carbon stocks“ for the purpose of Annex V to Directive 2009/28/EC (2010/335/EU) 5 as well as any additional interpretation of the legislative text published by the EU Commission. Where appropriate these rules are clarified, explained and further elaborated.
34、In the context of accounting for heat and electricity consumption and surpluses reference is also made to Directive 2004/8/EC 6 on “the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market” and the associated EU Commission decision of 21/12/2006 “establishing harmoni
35、sed efficiency reference values for separate production of electricity and heat” 7. The main purpose of this standard is to specify a methodology to estimate GHG emissions at each step of the biofuel/bioliquid production and transport chain. The specific way in which these emissions have to be combi
36、ned to establish the overall GHG balance of a biofuel or bioliquid depends on the chain of custody system in use and is not per se within the scope of this part 4 of the EN 16214 standard. Part 2 of the standard, addresses these issues in detail also in accordance with the stipulations of the RED. N
37、evertheless, Clause 6 of this part of the standard includes general indications and guidelines on how to integrate the different parts of the chain. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its applicat
38、ion. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 16214-1:2012, Sustainably produced biomass for energy applications Principles, criteria, indicators and verifiers for biofuels and b
39、ioliquids Part 1: Terminology prEN 16214-2, Sustainably produced biomass for energy applications Principles, criteria, indicato rs and verifiers for biofuels and bioliquids Part 2: Conformity assessment including chain of custody and mass balance 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this docu
40、ment, the terms and definitions given in EN 16214-1:2012 apply. 4 Common elements 4.1 General A number of elements are relevant to several steps of the biofuel/bioliquid production and transport chain. They are described in this clause to which reference is made in subsequent clauses as appropriate.
41、 DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04 EN 16214-4:2013 (E) 6 4.2 Greenhouse gases and CO2equivalence The general definition of a greenhouse gas is given in Part 1 of this standard. Total GHG emissions are expressed in CO2equivalent (CO2eq) calculated as: Mass(CO2eq) = mass(CO2) + GWPCH4x mass(CH4) + GWPN2Ox mass(N
42、2O) (1) where GWPCH4and GWPN2Oare the Global Warming Potentials of CH4and N2O respectively, as defined in the RED. Current values to be used are given in Annex A. 4.3 Data quality and sources Estimating the GHG emissions associated with an activity requires numerical data, often from a variety of so
43、urces. This typically involves data generated by an economic operator (such as quantities of material or energy used or produced) and data acquired from external sources (such as the GHG balance of material or energy used or produced). Data generated by the economic operator shall be supported by ap
44、propriate records so that they can be audited and verified. Data associated with imported material and energy streams will often be obtained from the supplier. Care shall be taken that such data is fit for purpose, well documented and transparent. Literature data shall be fit-for-purpose and obtaine
45、d from well documented, transparent and publicly available sources. In particular it should be as recent as possible and, where relevant, be applicable to the geographical area where the activity takes place. Generally, data is used for calculations covering a certain period of time as stipulated by
46、 the chain of custody scheme (see Clause 6). This may correspond to the production of a product consignment or, for continuous operations, to a given period of time. For data such as physical properties (e.g. heating value, carbon content etc.) the value used shall be close to the weighted average d
47、uring the period i.e. the variability of such data within the time period shall be taken into account. 4.4 Units and symbols This standard does not specify the units to be used by economic operators to perform calculations and express results. Different trades associated with different steps of biof
48、uel/bioliquid production and transport chain commonly use specific units which are widely accepted and understood within that community and such units may be used. The only mandated unit is for the overall GHG balance of the biofuel/bioliquid that shall be expressed in g CO2eq/ MJ of the biofuel/bioliquid. However, units used within a calculation algorithm shall in all cases be clearly stated and be mutually consistent. Table 1 gives the recommended units and symbols. DIN EN 16214-4:2013-04 EN 1
