1、September 2005 DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) im DIN Preisgruppe 10 DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin, gestattet. ICS 75.180.10 Ad 9599314 www.d
2、in.de X DIN EN ISO 10427-3 Erdl und Erdgasindustrie Ausrstungen fr die BohrlochZementierung Teil3: Festigkeitsprfung der Zementierung schwimmender Ausrstungen (ISO104273:2003); Englische Fassung ENISO104273:2004 Petroleum and natural gas industries Equipment for well cementing Part3: Performance tes
3、ting of cementing float equipment (ISO104273:2003); English version ENISO104273:2004 Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Equipement de cimentation de puits Partie3: Essais de performance des quipements de cimentation des cuvelages (ISO104273:2003); Version anglaise ENISO104273:2004 Alleinverkauf
4、der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 16 SeitenDIN EN ISO 10427-3:2005-09 2 Nationales Vorwort Diese Europische Norm wurde vom Technischen Komitee CEN/TC 12 Materialien, Ausrstungen und Offshore-Bauwerke fr die Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie“ (Sekretari
5、at: Frankreich) erstellt. Es handelt sich dabei um die unvernderte bernahme von ISO 10427-3:2003, erarbeitet von ISO/TC 67 Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“, Subkomitee SC 3 Drilling and completion fluids, and well cements“. Fr Deut
6、schland war der Arbeitskreis NG 12/67 AK 3 Bohrsplung und Zemente“ an der Erarbeitung dieser Norm beteiligt. Diese Europische Norm enthlt unter Bercksichtigung des DIN-Prsidialbeschlusses 13/1983 nur die englische Originalfassung der ISO-Norm. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO
7、 10427-3 October 2004 ICS 75.180.10 English version Petroleum and natural gas industries - Equipment for well cementing - Part 3: Performance testing of cementing float equipment (ISO 10427-3:2003) Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel - Equipement de cimentation de puits - Partie 3: Essais de perf
8、ormance des quipements de cimentation des cuvelages (ISO 10427-3:2003) Erdl- und Erdgasindustrie - Ausrstungen fr die Bohrloch-Zementierung - Teil 3: Festigkeitsprfung der Zementierung schwimmender Ausrstungen (ISO 10427-3:2003) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2004. CEN me
9、mbers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applica
10、tion to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
11、 same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovaki
12、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10427-3:2004: E EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMU
13、NG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 BrusselsContents Page 2 3 Floatequipmentperformancecriteria . .5 3.1General .5 3.2 Durabilityunderdownholeconditions . 5 3.3 Differentialpressurecapabilityfrombelow .5 3.4 Abilitytowithstandforceexertedthroughcementingplugsfromabove 5 3.5 Drillability
14、oftheequipment .5 3.6 Abilitytopasslostcirculationmaterials . .5 3.7 Flowcoefficientofthevalve 5 3.8 Reverseflowresistanceofcasingfillupvalves . 5 4Apparatus and materials 6 4.1Flow loop 6 4.2 Circulatingtestfluid . 7 4.3Hightemperature/highpressure test cell. 8 5Durability test 10 5.1Test setup .10
15、 5.2Test categories 10 5.3Procedure .11 6 Statichightemperature/highpressuretest . 11 6.1Test categories 11 6.2Procedure .12 7Test results. .12 AnnexA (informative)Resultsofperformancetestsoncementingfloatequipment .13 Bibliography .14 EN ISO 10427-3:2004 (E) 2 1Scope 4 Functionsofcementingfl oatequ
16、ipment 4 Foreword. 3 Foreword The text of ISO 10427-3:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10427-3:
17、2004 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorseme
18、nt, at the latest by April 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cypr
19、us, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10427-3:2003 ha
20、s been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10427-3:2004 without any modifications. EN ISO 10427-3:2004 (E) 31 Scope This part of ISO 10427 describes testing practices to evaluate the performance of cementing float equipment for the petroleum and natural gas industries. This part of ISO 10427 is applicable to
21、float equipment that will be in contact with water-based fluids used for drilling and cementing wells. It is not applicable to float equipment performance in non-water-based fluids. 2 Functions of cementing float equipment The term “cementing float equipment” refers to one or more check valves incor
22、porated into a well casing string that prevent fluid flow up the casing while allowing fluid flow down the casing. The primary purpose of cementing float equipment is to prevent cement that has been placed in the casing/wellbore annulus from flowing up the casing (U-tubing). In some cases, such as l
23、iner cementing, float equipment may be the only practical means of preventing U-tubing. In other cases, the float equipment serves to allow the cement to set in the annulus without having to increase the pressure inside the casing to prevent U-tubing. Increased pressure in the casing while cement se
24、ts is generally undesirable because it can result in gaps (micro-annuli) in the cemented annulus. Float equipment is also sometimes used for the purpose of lessening the load on the drilling rig. Since float equipment blocks fluid flow up the casing, the buoyant force acting on casing run with float
25、 equipment is greater than the buoyant force acting on casing run without float equipment. If either the height or the density of the fluid placed inside casing equipped with float equipment while the casing is being run is less than that of the fluid outside the casing, the suspended weight of the
26、casing is reduced compared with what it would be without the float equipment. The ability of float equipment to prevent fluid flow up the casing is also important in certain well control situations. If the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid inside the casing becomes less than the pressure of formatio
27、n fluids in formations near the bottom of the casing, fluids from the well may try to flow up the casing. In such a situation, the float equipment becomes a primary well control device. Float equipment is also sometimes used as a device to assist in pressure testing of casing. This is normally done
28、by landing one or more cementing plugs on top of the float equipment assembly. The plugs seal the casing so that the pressure integrity of the casing may be tested. Float equipment is also used by some operators as a device to lessen the free fall of cement inside the casing. The free fall of cement
29、 is the tendency of cement to initially fall due to the density differences between the cement and the fluid in the well. The float equipment lessens the free fall, to some extent, by providing a constriction in the flow path. Casing fill-up float equipment is a special type of float equipment that
30、allows the casing to fill from the bottom as the casing is run. This is desirable, in some cases, to help reduce pressure surges as the casing is lowered. Fill-up type float equipment also helps ensure that the collapse pressure of the casing is not exceeded. Once the casing is run, the check valve
31、mechanism of fill-up type float equipment is activated. This is normally done by either pumping a surface-released ball through the equipment or by circulating above a certain rate. EN ISO 10427-3:2004 (E) 43 Float equipment performance criteria 3.1 General There are a number of performance criteria
32、, listed below, that may be used to evaluate the suitability of a particular piece of float equipment for a given well. 3.2 Durability under downhole conditions Float equipment should still function after a fluid containing abrasive solids has been circulated through the equipment for a period of ti
33、me. The equipment should function in various orientations and while exposed to elevated temperatures and pressures. 3.3 Differential pressure capability from below Float equipment should be capable of withstanding a differential pressure with the higher pressure being exerted from below the check va
34、lve, because the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid occupying the annulus immediately after the cement has been placed is usually greater than the hydrostatic pressure of the corresponding column of fluid inside the casing, or while the casing is being run. 3.4 Ability to withstand force exerted thro
35、ugh cementing plugs from above Float equipment should be able to withstand a force exerted through cementing plugs from above. Some operators occasionally pressure-test the casing by increasing the pressure shortly after a cementing plug (top plug) used to separate the cement from the displacement f
36、luid has landed downhole. This can cause a force to be applied to the float equipment that could cause the equipment to fail. 3.5 Drillability of the equipment Float equipment should be easy to drill through, since in many cases, float equipment must be drilled out after cementing. 3.6 Ability to pa
37、ss lost circulation materials Float equipment may be required to allow easy passage of lost circulation material (LCM). On occasion, the fluid that is circulated through cementing float equipment contains LCM designed to bridge on highly permeable, vugular or fractured formations to lessen the amoun
38、t of fluid that is lost to the formations. Since float equipment generally provides a constricted flow area for fluid passage, there can be a tendency for the LCM to bridge on the float equipment valve and partially or totally block fluid circulation. Therefore, the ease with which the LCM can pass
39、through the float equipment may be a performance criterion for some wells. 3.7 Flow coefficient of the valve Since float equipment provides a constriction in the flow path, there will be a pressure loss associated with circulating fluid through the float valve. If the pressure loss through the float
40、 equipment is too high, circulation rates can be limited. In some cases, however, a large pressure loss is desirable to reduce free fall of the cement. The flow coefficient of the valve provides a means of estimating the pressure loss for a given fluid density and a given rate. 3.8 Reverse-flow resi
41、stance of casing fill-up valves One of the functions of casing fill-up float equipment is to reduce pressure surges as the casing is run by allowing flow into the casing from the bottom. Therefore, the resistance of the valve to reverse flow is indicative of the relative performance of the valve in
42、reducing surge pressure. EN ISO 10427-3:2004 (E) 54 Apparatus and materials 4.1 Flow loop 4.1.1 General Figure 1 shows a diagram of one possible configuration of a flow loop for durability testing. Other configurations are possible. The major components of the loop are the mud tank, the piping netwo
43、rk, the pump and the instrumentation. These components are discussed in the following paragraphs. Key 1 hopper 8 flow meter 2 compartment 1 9 LP safety valve 3 agitator 10 pressure transducer 4 compartment 2 11 hose 5 mud tank 12 float collar 6 temperature probe 13 HP safety valve 7 triplex pump 14
44、high-pressure line Figure 1 Suggested layout for cementing float equipment test flow loop 4.1.2 Mud tank It is suggested that the mud tank consist of two compartments, with each compartment capable of holding about 15,9 m 3(100 bbl) of fluid. Each compartment should be fitted with adequate agitation
45、 and mixing devices to ensure that the fluids remain well mixed. A valve should be arranged to allow communication between the compartments so that the volume of fluid in the active tank can be adjusted. This will facilitate temperature regulation during a test. A mud hopper should be arranged to fa
46、cilitate the mixing of mud chemicals. EN ISO 10427-3:2004 (E) 64.1.3 The piping network The piping network should consist of 101,6 mm to 152,4 mm (4 in to 6 in) diameter pipe and valves. It is suggested that the low-pressure portion of the piping network be rated to allow an operating pressure of at
47、 least 3 400 kPa (500 psi), and it is suggested that the high-pressure portion of the flow loop, as shown in Figure 1, be rated to at least 34 500 kPa (5 000 psi) working pressure. To facilitate testing fill-up type float equipment, it is suggested that the piping be laid out in such a manner that t
48、he flow direction through the float equipment can easily be changed. Both the high-pressure and the low-pressure portions of the flow loop should be equipped with pressure-release type safety valves. It is suggested that a portion of the low-pressure side of the flow loop be made from a flexible hos
49、e or an expansion joint to facilitate spacing out different length float equipment. 4.1.4 The pump A triplex pump is suggested as the primary pump for the flow loop. The pump should be capable of pumping at least 1,6 m 3 /min (10 bbl/min) and pressure testing to 34 500 kPa (5 000 psi). As an alternative, a centrifugal type pump may be used. However, this will necessitate the use of a s
