1、Januar 2008DEUTSCHE NORM Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) im DINPreisgruppe 12DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Jede Art der Vervielfltigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 75.020!,wQ“9849446www.din.deDDIN E
2、N ISO 15663-1Erdl- und Erdgasindustrie Betriebsdauerkosten Teil 1: Methodik (ISO 15663-1:2000);Englische Fassung EN ISO 15663-1:2006Petroleum and natural gas industries Life cycle costing Part 1: Methodology (ISO 15663-1:2000);English version EN ISO 15663-1:2006Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel
3、 Estimation des cots globaux de production et de traitement Partie 1: Mthodologie (ISO 15663-1:2000);Version anglaise EN ISO 15663-1:2006Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 24 SeitenDIN EN ISO 15663-1:2008-01 2 Nationales Vorwort Dieses Dokument (E
4、N ISO 15663-1:2006) wurde vom Technischen Komitee CEN/TC 12 Materialien, Ausrstungen und Offshore-Bauwerke fr die Erdl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie“ (Sekretariat: AFNOR; Frankreich) erstellt. Es handelt sich dabei um die unvernderte bernahme von ISO 15663-1:2000, erarbeitet von ISO/TC 67 Mat
5、erials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“, Subcommittee SC 3 Drilling and completion fluids, and well cements“. Fr Deutschland hat hieran der NA 109-00-01-03 AK Bohrsplung und Zemente“ im Normenausschuss Erdl- und Erdgasgewinnung (NG) mitgearb
6、eitet. Diese Norm enthlt unter Bercksichtigung des DIN-Prsidialbeschlusses 13/1983 nur die englische Originalfassung der ISO-Norm. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15663-1 December 2006 ICS 75.020 English Version Petroleum and natural gas industries Life cycle costing Part 1:
7、 Methodology (ISO 15663-1:2000) Industries du ptrole et du gaz naturel Estimation des cots globaux de production et de traitement Partie 1: Mthodologie (ISO 15663-1:2000) Erdl- und Erdgasindustrie Betriebsdauerkosten Teil 1: Methodik (ISO 15663-1:2000) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1
8、2 November 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may
9、be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Centr
10、al Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Pola
11、nd, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
12、any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15663-1:2006: EContents Page122.12.233.13.23.344.14.24.34.455.15.22Introduction.4Scope 6Abbreviations.9Terms, definitions and abbreviations7Terms and definitions .7Roles and responsibilities 9Management of life-cycle costing 9Ste
13、p 2 Data collection and SBC.16Step 4 Reporting and decision-making 19Strategy and planning .10Assessment and feedback20Bibliography. .22Requirements.20Step 3 Analysis and modelling 17Methodology.12Objectives.9Step 1 Diagnosis and scoping.12Foreword3Objective.20DIN EN ISO 15663-1:2008-01EN ISO 15663-
14、1:2006 (E)Foreword The text of ISO 15663-1:2000 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 15663-1:2006 by Tec
15、hnical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endo
16、rsement, at the latest by June 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, C
17、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 156
18、63-1:2000 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15663-1:2006 without any modifications. 3DIN EN ISO 15663-1:2008-01EN ISO 15663-1:2006 (E)IntroductionThe purpose of this part of ISO 15663 is to provide guidance on the use of life-cycle costing techniques within thepetroleum and natural gas industry. Th
19、e principal objective is to speed the adoption of a common and consistentapproach to life-cycle costing within the oil industry. This will happen faster and more effectively if a commonapproach is agreed internationally.Life-cycle costing is the systematic consideration of the difference between cos
20、ts and revenues associated with theacquisition and ownership of alternative options required to fulfil an asset need. It is an iterative process ofestimating, planning and monitoring costs and revenue differences throughout an assets life. It is used to supportthe decision-making process by evaluati
21、ng alternative options and performing trade-off studies. While the largestbenefits can be achieved in the early project stages of evaluating major configuration options, it is equallyapplicable to all stages of the life cycle, and at many levels of detail.Life-cycle costing is distinct from investme
22、nt appraisal in that it is not concerned with determining the financialviability of a development. It is concerned only with determining the differences between competing options andestablishing which options best meet the owners business objectives.In the past, the petroleum and natural gas industr
23、y has assessed the financial viability of project options on thebasis of minimum capital expenditure: operating expenditures have played little part in the decision-makingprocess. This has ignored a potentially large cost and in many cases has resulted in reduced asset value.This omission is now rec
24、ognized by the industry. As the number of new large developments has declined, theemphasis has moved towards the maintenance and update of existing assets; naturally this has focused moreattention on operating expenditures. In addition, external pressures, such as a low and static oil price, have fu
25、rtheradded to the pressures to minimize costs.Life-cycle costing techniques are used by a number of companies within the industry. However, the development ofsuch techniques has been pursued independently and their application has been patchy, with little participation bythe contractors and vendors
26、contracting for equipment supply is still largely on a basis of minimum capitalexpenditure. All participants in the process operators, contractors and vendors can have a substantial impacton the life-cycle costs of ownership, and it is not until all are involved that the benefits sought from the use
27、 of life-cycle costing will be realised. If this is to be achieved, a common, consistent, industry-wide approach is required.Where the life-cycle costing approach was applied, life-cycle costing methods were developed and valuableexperience was gained. However, the approaches were diverse with varia
28、ble success.This diversity has caused confusion amongst contractors and vendors. It also has resulted in higher engineeringand supply costs. Experience indicated that this could potentially result in low quality information being used tosupport management decisions, in order to maintain project sche
29、dules and avoid delay. Therefore, in a projectcontext, a clear, well defined methodology is needed to define how, when, where and why life-cycle costing needsto be applied.It has also been recognized that project and asset management staff need a clear and unambiguous definition ofthe overall econom
30、ic objectives of a project and how to apply the same business criteria when making majorengineering decisions. It is further recognized that long term management commitment to life-cycle costing iscrucial for its successful implementation in the project execution of an asset.The principal benefits a
31、ssociated with the systematic application of life-cycle costing may include any or all of thefollowing.Gbe Reduce ownership costsOperating costs in other industries such as aircraft, defence and automotive have been significantly reduced inthe last decade. When users begin to consider operating expe
32、nditures before making decisions, the wholesupply industry takes a different approach to quality and service.4DIN EN ISO 15663-1:2008-01EN ISO 15663-1:2006 (E)Gbe the alignment of engineering decisions with corporate and business objectivesSound business principles must be applied to all major engin
33、eering decisions if the business objectives of adevelopment are to be realized. Currently, in taking these decisions, the consequences on operatingexpenditures and the effect on the revenue profile are often ignored. If all major engineering decisions can bealigned to business objectives then the va
34、lue of an investment can be optimized.Gbe the definition of common objective criteria that can be used by operators, contractors and vendors andagainst which, business transactions may be managed and optimizedPerformance contracts which relate only to capital do not necessarily lead to improved busi
35、ness performance.Small increases in initial cost can, if applied in the right place, result in significant reductions in operatingexpenditures and/or increased revenue. Standard life-cycle costing methodologies will facilitate thedevelopment of performance contracts based on business parameters that
36、 will lead to real increases in valueand benefit for all.Gbe reduction of the risk of operating expenditure surpriseWhen new assets are being considered and there is little information on likely operating expenditures, it isimportant to apply methodologies which enable high operating expenditure ele
37、ments to be identified at anearly stage. In such cases, operating expenditures are often underestimated and therefore real business risksexist in not achieving the required rates of return. Life-cycle costing methodologies demand that support costsof major packages are quantified on a systematic bas
38、is to reduce these risks. The methodologies wouldenable the industry to identify, optimize and acquire the needed support in a timely and cost-effective manner.Gbe changing the criteria for option selectionTraditionally decisions were taken on options using criteria such as best available technology
39、 or lowest priceand this did not necessarily lead to maximum value for the asset. Life-cycle costing provides criteria forselection which can be directly linked to increased asset value and hence improved profitability over the assetlife cycle.Gbe maximization of the value of current operating exper
40、ienceActual operating experience is a valuable resource that can be used to evaluate options for new assets andimprove the performance of existing assets. This experience is only valid if it is judged against the requiredoperating context. Equipment or configuration options that were of value when c
41、apacity utilization was high areoften not of value in smaller assets, or when capacity utilization profiles decline. All operators have a widerange of equipment and configuration options. Data on actual performance, collected using modernmaintenance management, are of real value when options need to
42、 be compared.Gbe the provision of a framework within which to compare options at all stages of developmentWhen comparing options for one process function it is important to consider the effect of that decision on otherprocess functions. A planned approach within an overall framework is vital if the
43、best combination of options isto be achieved. Previous experience shows that life-cycle costing studies were being carried out too late, oftenin isolation with a variable quality output. The standard identifies planning needs and resource requirements toensure studies are carried out at the right ti
44、me, to the right depth and within planned resource budgets andtargets.Gbe the provision of a mechanism by which major cost drivers can be identified, targeted and reducedLife-cycle costing methodologies identify in a systematic way all major cost elements of an investment. Havingidentified the cost
45、drivers, a sensitivity analysis can be carried out to establish critical areas whereimprovement will lead to increased cost effectiveness. These critical areas become targets for research anddevelopment, technology transfer and a focus for management effort.This part of ISO 15663 is based on the pri
46、nciples defined in IEC 300-3-3.5DIN EN ISO 15663-1:2008-01EN ISO 15663-1:2006 (E)1 ScopeThis part of ISO 15663 specifies requirements for undertaking life-cycle costing for the development and operationof facilities for drilling, production and pipeline transportation within the petroleum and natura
47、l gas industries.The life-cycle costing methodology described in this part of ISO 15663 can be applied when making decisions onany option which has cost implications for more than one cost element or asset phase, in order to estimate the costdifference between competing options.The process is applic
48、able to a wide range of options, particularly when decisions are being considered on thefollowing:Gbe the process concept;Gbe equipment location, e.g template-based solutions vs. satellite-based solutions;Gbe project execution strategies;Gbe health, safety and environment;Gbe system concept and sizi
49、ng;Gbe equipment type;Gbe equipment configuration;Gbe layout;Gbe maintenance and operation strategies;Gbe manning strategy;Gbe manning levels;Gbe logistic support strategy;Gbe facility modifications;Gbe spares and support strategy;Gbe reuse and/or disposal.6DIN EN ISO 15663-1:2008-01EN ISO 15663-1:2006 (E)The basic methodology of this part of ISO 15663 is applicable to all asset decisions, but the extent of planning andmanagement of the process depends on the magnitude of the costs involved and the potential value tha
