1、June 2014Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 11No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 19
2、.100!%2m=“2157426www.din.deDDIN EN ISO 16826Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Examination for discontinuities perpendicular to the surface(ISO 16826:2012);English version EN ISO 16826:2014,English translation of DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06Zerstrungsfreie Prfung Ultraschallprfung Prfung auf Inh
3、omogenitten senkrecht zur Oberflche (ISO 16826:2012);Englische Fassung EN ISO 16826:2014,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06Essais non destructifs Contrle par ultrasons Contrle des discontinuits perpendiculaires la surface (ISO 16826:2012);Version anglaise EN ISO 16826:2014,Traduction
4、anglaise de DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06SupersedesDIN EN 583-4:2002-12www.beuth.deIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.Document comprises 20 pages05.14 DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword The text of ISO 16826:20
5、12 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” and has been taken over as EN ISO 16826:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Mate
6、rialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-08-23 AA Ultraschallprfung. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 16810 DIN EN ISO 16810 ISO 16811 DIN EN ISO 16811 Amendments This standard differs
7、from DIN EN 583-4:2002-12 as follows: a) ISO 16826 (based on EN 583-4) has been adopted in full; b) normative references have been updated; c) the standard has been editorially revised. Previous editions DIN EN 583-4: 2002-12 National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 16810, Non-destruc
8、tive testing Ultrasonic testing General principles DIN EN ISO 16811, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Sensitivity and range setting EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 16826March 2014 ICS 19.100 Supersedes EN 583-4:2002English Version Non-destructive testing - Ultrason
9、ic testing - Examination for discontinuities perpendicular to the surface (ISO 16826:2012) Essais non destructifs - Contrle par ultrasons - Contrle des discontinuits perpendiculaires la surface(ISO 16826:2012) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Ultraschallprfung - Prfung auf Inhomogenitten senkrecht zur Oberf
10、lche(ISO 16826:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 February 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists an
11、d bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
12、responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugosla
13、v Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000
14、 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16826:2014 EEUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGContents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope .
15、5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Tandem examination 5 4.1 General 5 4.2 Time base adjustment 6 4.3 Setting of sensitivity 7 4.4 Determination of examination zones . 7 4.5 DGS-diagram for tandem examination . 8 4.6 Corrections of sensitivity 9 4.7 Object with concentric surface
16、s . 9 5 LLT-examination . 11 5.1 General 11 5.2 Time base adjustment and determination of discontinuity depth 12 5.3 Setting of sensitivity 13 5.4 Determination of examination depth 13 5.5 DGS-diagrams for LLT-examination . 15 5.6 Correction of sensitivity 15 Annex A (informative) Nomograms for dete
17、rmination of tandem distances for convex (Figure A.1) and concave (Figure A.2) scanning surface. 16 2DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2014 (E) ForewordThe text of ISO 16826:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” of the International Organization for St
18、andardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 16826:2014 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsemen
19、t, at the latest by September 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identi
20、fying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 583-4:2002. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
21、Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsemen
22、t notice The text of ISO 16826:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16826:2014 without any modification. 3DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2014 (E)Introduction This International Standard is based on EN 583-4:2002+A1:2003, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic examination Part 4: Examination for
23、 discontinuities perpendicular to the surface. The following International Standards are linked. ISO 16810, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing General principles ISO 16811, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Sensitivity and range setting ISO 16823, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic
24、testing Transmission technique ISO 16826, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Examination for discontinuities perpendicular to the surface ISO 16827, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Characterization and sizing of discontinuities ISO 16828, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing
25、 Time-of-flight diffraction technique as a method for detection and sizing of discontinuities 4DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2014 (E) 1 Scope 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the editio
26、n cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5577, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic inspection Vocabulary ISO 16810, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing General principles ISO 16811, Non-destructive testing Ul
27、trasonic testing Sensitivity and range setting 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5577 and EN 1330-4 apply. 4 Tandem examination 4.1 General The examination is normally carried out using two similar 45 angle probes, one probe operating a
28、s the transmitter and the other probe as receiver. For wall thicknesses greater than approximately 160 mm, probes with different transducer sizes are preferred in order to ensure approximately the same beam diameters in the examination zone. The use of probe angles other than 45 may be necessary to
29、comply with particular geometrical conditions. Probe angles that give rise to mode conversions shall be avoided. EN 1330-4, Non-destructive testing Terminology Terms used in ultrasonic testing This International Standard defines the principles for tandem- and longitudinal-longitudinal-transverse (LL
30、T) wave examination for the detection of discontinuities perpendicular to the surface. The general principles required for the ultrasonic examination of industrial products are described in ISO 16810. A list of symbols and equations is given in ISO 16811. The tandem- or LLT-examination should be use
31、d for the detection of planar discontinuities with distance to the surface greater than 15 mm. This International Standard has been prepared for the examination of metallic materials with a thickness between 40 mm and 500 mm with parallel or concentric surfaces. It can, however, be used for other ma
32、terials and smaller thickness provided special measures are taken. 5DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2014 (E)The probes are located in a line with their acoustic axis in the same direction. In this way the sound beam from the rear probe will, after reflection from the opposite surface, intersect
33、 the sound beam from the front probe at the centre of the examination zone. Figure 1 shows the relationship between the spacing of the probes (y) and the examination depth of the crosspoint (tm) and the height of the examination zone (tz). Key 1 Probe 1 d Material thickness 2 Probe 2 tmExamination d
34、epth 3 Examination zone y Probe distance a Projection distance tzHeight of examination zone Figure 1 Basic principle of tandem technique When examining objects with plane parallel surfaces the distance between the probes can be defined using the following equation: )(tan2mtdy = (1) for 45 )(2mtdy =
35、(2) Scanning shall be performed in either of the following ways: both probes are moved along the surfaces with a fixed distance (y). In this way only one examination zone is examined at a time, and the scanning shall be repeated with different probe distance until the complete examination volume has
36、 been examined; both probes are moved simultaneously, such that the sum of their distances from the required plane of intersection, e.g. the vertical weld axis, remains constant, thereby scanning the full object thickness in one continuous movement. 4.2 Time base adjustment Basically all relevant ec
37、hoes will appear at the same sound path distance, which corresponds to the V-path. Therefore, the adjustment of the time base is not important. It is, however, recommended that the echo from the V-path is located at a fixed position e.g. eight scale divisions. 6DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2
38、014 (E) 4.3 Setting of sensitivity The setting of sensitivity can be performed using the following reflectors: opposite surface, where the V-path echo is used as backwall echo; disk-shaped reflectors perpendicular to the scanning surface (flat-bottomed holes). The reflectors shall be located at the
39、intersection of the beam axes; side drilled holes located at the intersection of the beams and at the borders of the examination zones. 4.4 Determination of examination zones The division into equally sized examination zones ensures that the sensitivity throughout the thickness does not fall below a
40、 certain level. The height of the examination zones is calculated so that the sensitivity at the edges of the examination zones is not more than 6 dB below the sensitivity in the intersection point of the beam axes, see Figure 2. All dimensions in millimetres Key A Sound beam diameter d Material thi
41、ckness tz Height of examination zone Figure 2 Examination zones The height of the examination zone (tz) can be determined by using a reference block with reflectors in differentiated depths or calculated as follows based on the diameter of the direct beam and the largest sound path in the examinatio
42、n zone closest to the opposite surface (all dimensions in millimetres): effzcossin)mm 15(D dt(2) for 45 effz)mm 15(2Dd twhere Deff effective transducer diameter. 7DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2014 (E)The number of examination zones is calculated as follows: 3211mm30tzztz, =+= ntdn (3) The pr
43、obe distance, y, see Figure 1, is adjusted for each examination zone with the intersection of the beam axes in the centre of the zone. Alternatively, the width and number of the examination zones can be determined graphically using scale drawings of the calculated or measured 6 dB beam profiles. 4.5
44、 DGS-diagram for tandem examination DGS-diagrams for tandem examination may be derived from the general DGS-diagram or based on probe specific diagrams. The diagrams are prepared as shown in Figure 3. The mean value of the gain differences V1and V2are derived from the specific diagrams for the probe
45、s or from the general DGS diagram. These are used to establish a distance amplitude curve (DAC) for specific tandem examinations, based on this disk-shaped reflector (DSR). Key DDSRDisk-shaped reflector S Sound path distance t Depth V Gain 1, 2 Probe 1, probe 2 3 Backwall Figure 3 Preparation of tan
46、dem DGS-diagram 8DIN EN ISO 16826:2014-06EN ISO 16826:2014 (E) 4.6 Corrections of sensitivity Depending on the method used for sensitivity setting, corrections for transfer and attenuation losses may be applicable. In addition to this, compensation shall be made for the reduction of sensitivity that
47、 will occur at the edges of the examination zone. Either 6 dB or the value measured on disk-shaped reflectors (flat-bottomed holes) at the border of the examination zones should be used. 4.7 Object with concentric surfaces The use of 45 angle probes is limited to d/D 0,04 for convex scanning surface
48、s and d/D 0,05 for concave scanning surfaces. Where applicable, the angles of incidence shall be changed to prevent mode conversions that can result in reduced sensitivity. The probe spacing (y) for the examination of such surfaces may be calculated using the equations in 4.7.1 or 4.7.2. Alternative
49、ly, the probe spacing can be determined graphically using scale drawings of the calculated or measured 6 dB beam profiles. NOTE In Annex A, nomograms are given for the determination of the distances for concave and convex scanning surfaces without calculation. 4.7.1 Concave scanning surface () += sin2211arcsin360)2(1dDtdDym(4) Tand
