1、Standard ECMA-260June 1997Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chData Interchange on 356 mm OpticalDisk Cartridges - WORM, using PhaseChange TechnologyCapacity: 14,8 and 25 Gbytes perCartr
2、idge.Standard ECMA-260June 1997Standardizing Information and Communication SystemsPhone: +41 22 849.60.00 - Fax: +41 22 849.60.01 - URL: http:/www.ecma.ch - Internet: helpdeskecma.chMB Ecma-260.doc 14-07-97 12,20Data Interchange on 356 mm OpticalDisk Cartridges - WORM, using PhaseChange TechnologyCa
3、pacity: 14,8 and 25 Gbytes perCartridge.Brief HistoryThe ECMA Technical Committee TC31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs).Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC23 toward the development ofInternational Sta
4、ndards for 90 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm and 300 mm ODCs. Numerous ODC standards have been developed byECMA TC31 and published as ECMA Standards, many of which have since been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast trackprocedure.International Standard ISO/IEC 10885, Information technology - 356 mm optical disk
5、cartridge for information interchange -Write once, was published in November 1993.In September 1995 ECMA TC31 established a project to develop a standard for increased capacity 356 mm Optical DiskCartridges - WORM, using phase change technology. The project was sponsored by four companies and work b
6、egan by TC31in December 1995 on the first draft submitted in September, 1995.This ECMA Standard specifies the characteristics of 14,8 and 25 Gbyte capacity 356 mm optical disk cartridges of the typeproviding for information to be written once and read many times. This ECMA Standard leverages off of
7、ISO/IEC 10885 to theextent possible to preserve the existing customers drive, library, and media investment by maintaining compatibility, whereverpossible, with the earlier International Standard 10885.This ECMA Standard has been adopted by the ECMA General Assembly of June 1997.- i -Table of conten
8、tsSection 1: General 11 Scope 12 Conformance 12.1 Optical disk cartridge 12.2 Generating system 12.3 Receiving system 12.4 Compatibility statement 13 References 14 Definitions 14.1 actual write power 14.2 air sandwich disk 24.3 band 24.4 baseline reflectance 24.5 birefringence 24.6 case 24.7 clampin
9、g zone 24.8 cover sheet 24.9 cross-talk level 24.10 cyclic redundancy check (CRC) 24.11 defect management 24.12 disk reference plane 24.13 entrance surface 24.14 error correction code (ECC) 24.15 error detection and correction (EDAC) 24.16 format 24.17 hub 24.18 interleaving 34.19 mark 34.20 mark ed
10、ge 34.21 mark edge recording 34.22 narrow band signal-to-noise ratio 34.23 noise floor 34.24 optical disk 34.25 optical disk carrier 34.26 optical disk cartridge (ODC) 34.27 optical retardation 34.28 perimeter ring 34.29 pre-formatted mark 34.30 protective layer 34.31 read power 34.32 recording laye
11、r 34.33 Reed-Solomon code 34.34 spindle 44.35 tilt 44.36 track 44.37 track pitch 44.38 write power 4- ii -4.39 zone 45 Conventions and notations 45.1 Representation of numbers 45.2 Names 46 List of acronyms 47 General description of the optical disk cartridge 58 General requirements 78.1 Environment
12、s 78.1.1 Test environment 78.1.2 Operating environment 78.1.3 Storage environment 78.1.4 Transportation 88.2 Temperature shock 88.3 Safety requirements 88.4 Flammability 89 Reference Drive 89.1 Optical system 89.2 Read conditions 109.3 Write conditions 109.4 Tracking 109.5 Rotation of the disk 10Sec
13、tion 2 - Mechanical and physical characteristics 1010 Dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the case 1010.1 General 1010.2 Case drawings 1010.3 Relationship of sides and interface with carrier 1110.3.1 Relationship of sides 1110.3.2 Interface with carrier 1110.3.3 Write protect features 1110
14、.4 Materials 1110.5 Mass 1110.6 Case dimensions 1110.6.1 Overall dimensions of the case 1110.6.2 Opening force of the case door 1110.6.3 Location of the case window 1110.6.4 Case write protect tabs 1210.6.5 Case autoload drive surfaces 1211 Dimensional and mechanical characteristics of the carrier 1
15、811.1 General 1811.2 Carrier drawings 1811.3 Sides, reference axes and reference planes 1811.3.1 Relationship between Side A and Side B 1811.3.2 Reference axes and reference features 19- iii -11.4 Materials 1911.5 Mass 1911.6 Location of the optical disk centre in the carrier 1911.7 Overall dimensio
16、ns of the carrier 1911.8 Cutouts 1911.9 Carrier latch points and latch actuation force 2011.10 Carrier guide rails and carrier thickness 2011.11 Carrier write protect hole 2111.12 25 Gbyte capacity sensor hole 2111.13 Carrier Side A or Side B sensor hole 2111.14 Carrier disk type sensor notches 2111
17、.15 Carrier location within the case 2211.16 Carrier locator pin slot characteristics and location within the case 2211.17 Carrier latch point location when the carrier is inside the case 2211.18 Carrier latch release hole locations 2311.19 Carrier latch release hole locations for unlatched carrier
18、2311.20 Location of carrier locator pin slots 2311.21 Carrier label location 2311.22 Carrier label 2411.23 Carrier label characteristics 2412 Dimensional and physical characteristics of the disk 3612.1 General 3612.1.1 Protective layer 3612.1.2 Unobstructed access 3612.2 Disk drawings 3612.3 Sides,
19、reference axes, reference plane 3612.3.1 Relationship of Sides A and B 3612.3.2 Reference axes and reference planes 3612.4 Dimensions of the disk 3612.4.1 Outer diameter 3612.4.2 Outer diameter of the recording zone 3612.4.3 Inner diameter of the recording zone 3612.4.4 Outer diameter of the clampin
20、g zone 3712.4.5 Inner diameter of the clamping zone 3712.4.6 Centre hole diameter of the optical disk 3712.4.7 Centre hole roundness 3712.4.8 Location of the recording surface 3712.4.9 Thickness of the clamping zone 3712.4.10 Inner diameter of the chamfer 3712.4.11 Inner diameter chamfer angle 3712.
21、4.12 Outer diameter of the chamfer 3712.4.13 Chamfer angle of the outer diameter 3712.4.14 Dimensional characteristics of the protective layer 3712.5 Mass 3812.6 Moment of inertia 3812.7 Imbalance 3812.8 Apparent axial runout 3812.9 Residual focus error 3813 Handling requirements 3813.1 Drop test 38
22、13.2 Dead weight strength 38- iv -14 Interface between disk and drive 3814.1 Clamping technique 3814.2 Radial positioning 3814.3 Reference surface 3814.4 Clamping force 3915 Characteristics of the protective layer 4215.1 Index of refraction 4215.2 Thickness 4215.3 Optical characteristics 4215.4 Tilt
23、 4216 Characteristics of the recording layer 4216.1 Conformance tests 4216.2 Baseline reflectance 4216.2.1 General 4216.2.2 Actual value 4216.2.3 Requirement 4216.3 Write power requirement 4216.4 Read power requirement 4216.5 Prerecorded marks 4216.6 Data written in user area 4216.6.1 Reflectivity c
24、haracteristics of written marks 4216.6.2 Signals 4216.6.3 Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio 4316.6.4 Cross-talk 43Section 3 - Format of information 4317 General description 4318 Band organization 4418.1 Number of bands on each side of the disk 4418.2 Band numbers 4418.3 Recordable area in each band
25、4419 Track geometry in each band 4619.1 Track shape 4619.2 Direction of track spiral and disk rotation 4619.3 Track pitch 4619.4 Radial eccentricity of pre-formatted information 4620 Track format 4820.1 Pre-formatted physical track in-track bit spacing 4820.2 Pre-formatted physical track layout 4820
26、.2.1 Track layout 4820.2.2 Tracking 4820.2.3 Tracking pads 4820.2.4 Tracking pad tolerances 4820.2.5 Tracking push-pull ratio 4820.3 Rotational velocity 4920.4 Focus 49- v -20.5 Number of sectors in each band 4921 Sector format 4921.1 Organization of the sectors in each band 4921.2 Organization of t
27、he usable sectors 5421.3 User sector organization 5821.4 Lead-in and OD manufacturing test sectors 5821.5 Manufacturing control sector 5821.6 Disk identification sector(s) 5821.7 Primary Defect List sectors 6421.8 Supplemental and configuration sectors 6821.9 OD write power calibration sectors 6821.
28、10 Automatic rewrite sectors 6821.11 User sector format for 14.8 Gbytes capacity 6821.11.1. Pre-formatted user sector header 7021.11.2 User data field preamble and pre-formatted tracking pad 7221.11.3 Pre-formatted tracking pads 7221.11.4 User data field 7221.11.5 Error detection and correction (EDA
29、C) 7221.11.6 Interface sector gap 7221.12 User sector format for 25 Gbytes capacity 7221.12.1 Pre-formatted User sector header 7421.12.2 User data field preamble 7521.12.3 Pre-formatted tracking pads 7621.12.4 User data field 7621.11.5 Error detection and correction (EDAC) 7621.12.6 Guard byte 7621.
30、12.7 Interface sector gap 7621.13 Sectors following the user sectors in each band 7621.13.1 Allowance for the maximum number of bad sectors in the PDL 7621.13.2 ID write power calibration sectors 7621.13.3 ID manufacturing test sectors 7621.13.4 Spin out tracking sectors 7622 Coding method 7622.1 Co
31、ding method for 14,8 Gbyte capacity 7622.2 Coding method for 25 Gbyte capacity 7623 Defect management 7723.1 Defect management description 7723.2 Initialization of the disk 7723.3 Certification 7723.4 Slipping algorithm 7823.5 Write procedure 7823.6 Primary defect list 7823.7 Secondary Defect List (
32、SDL) 7923.8 Grown Defect List (GDL) 7923.9 Sector Retirement Guidelines 8024 Recorded characteristics 8125 Error detection and correction (EDAC) 8225.1 EDAC field 82- vi -25.2 EDAC type 8226 Data interchange requirements 8226.1 Requirements for reading 8226.2 Requirements for writing 82Annex A - Def
33、inition of air cleanliness of class 100 000 83Annex B - Residual tracking error signal test method 85Annex C - Mechanical test method 87Annex D - Imbalance test method 89Annex E - Apparent axial runout test method 91Annex F - Residual focus error test method 93Annex G - Drop test method 97Annex H -
34、Dead weight strength test method 99Annex J - Double-pass retardation test method 101Annex K - Signal characteristics test method 105Annex L - Optical disk write power test method 107Annex M - Read power test method 109Annex N - Narrow-band signal-to-noise ratio test method 111Annex P - Cross-talk te
35、st method 113Annex Q - Radial runout test method 115Annex R - Recommendation for Transportation 117.Section 1: General1ScopeThis ECMA Standard specifies the characteristics of 356 mm Optical Disk Cartridges (ODCs) of the type providing forinformation to be written once and read many times.This ECMA
36、Standard specifies: definitions of essential concepts, the environment in which the characteristics shall be tested, the environments in which the cartridge shall be operated and stored, the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the case and of the optical disk, the optical charact
37、eristics and the recording characteristics for recording the information once and for reading itmany times, so as to provide physical interchangeability between data processing systems. the format for the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the error correction codes, the modulation meth
38、odsused for recording and the quality of the recorded signals.Together with a standard for volume and file structure, this ECMA Standard provides for full data interchange betweendata processing systems.2 Conformance2.1 Optical disk cartridgeAn optical disk cartridge shall be in conformance with thi
39、s ECMA Standard if it meets all the mandatoryrequirements herein.2.2 Generating systemA manufacturer of a system generating an ODC for interchange shall be in conformance with this ECMA Standard ifthe ODC it generates is in accordance with 2.1.2.3 Receiving systemA manufacturer of a system receiving
40、 an ODC for interchange shall be entitled to claim conformance with thisECMA Standard if it is able to handle an ODC according to 2.1.2.4 Compatibility statementA claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this ECMA Standard shall include a statementlisting any other ECMA or Inter
41、national Optical Disk Cartridge Standard(s) supported. This statement shall specifythe number of the standard(s) and whether support includes reading or both reading and writing.3 ReferencesECMA-129 Information Technology Equipment - Safety (April 1994)ECMA-6 7 Bit Coded Character Set, 6thEdition (D
42、ecember 1991)4 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this ECMA Standard, the following definitions apply.4.1 actual write powerThe actual write power is two times the recording beam power exiting the objective lens for a time averagedmeasurement of 50 % duty cycle optical pulses where the pulse length is m
43、easured at one half the peak power.- 2 -4.2 air sandwich diskA disk which consists at least of a substrate with a recording layer and a cover separated by two annular spacesproviding an enclosed air gap for the recording layer.4.3 bandAn annular area of the optical disk recording zone.4.4 baseline r
44、eflectanceThe reflectance of an unwritten, non-grooved area of a disk through the protective layer.4.5 birefringenceThe property of a material which causes incident light waves of different polarizations to be refracted differently bythe material.4.6 caseAn enclosure which protects the optical disk
45、and carrier from contamination and damage due to physical handling.The case may include space for physical labelling, write-inhibit features and provisions for automatic handling tofacilitate disk interchange.4.7 clamping zoneThe annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by
46、 the clamping device.4.8 cover sheetA transparent covering placed at a pre-determined distance from the recording surface to protect the optical diskfrom surface contamination and to cause surface contaminants to be out of focus.4.9 cross-talk levelThe ratio of the level of a spurious signal generat
47、ed by an adjacent track to the level of the signal of that track.4.10 cyclic redundancy check (CRC)A method to detect errors in data.4.11 defect managementIn real time, refers to automated programs for altering read or write power, focus or tracking when difficulties aredetected, and for the decisio
48、n to abandon sectors of high error content. In batch mode, refers to guidelines for diskrewrite or retirement. Note - Disk retirement is retention of a disk which can be read but not written.4.12 disk reference planeA plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle which cont
49、acts the clamping zone of thedisk and which is normal to the axis of rotation.4.13 entrance surfaceThe disk surface onto which the optical beam first impinges.4.14 error correction code (ECC)An error-detecting code designed to correct certain kinds of errors in data.4.15 error detection and correction (EDAC)A family of methods in which redundancy is added to data in known fashion and is written with the data. Uponreadback, a decoder removes the redundancy and uses the redundant information to detect and correct erroneouschannel symbols.4.16 formatThe arrangement or layout of the
