1、BSI Standards Publication BS EN 13445-3:2014 Unfired pressure vessels Part 3: Design BS EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 Incorporating corrigendum August 2015BS EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015. It supersedes
2、BS EN 13445-3:2014 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment 1 is indicated by . CEN correction notice 29
3、July 2015 provides a revised English language text, incorporating the following editorial corrections: CEN Foreword: text added to the end of the first paragraph; Subclause 9.5.2.4.1: 3rd paragraph updated; Sublcause 10.5.5.1: point a) updated; Subclause 11.9.3: 3rd line after Figure 11.9-2 and equa
4、tion 11.9-20 updated; Subclause Y.2 added. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/1, Pressure Vessels. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the nec
5、essary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 78030 1 ICS 23.020.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Stan
6、dard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2014. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected 31 August 2015 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2015. Implementation of CEN Correction Notice 29 July 2015 EUROPEAN STANDARD
7、 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13445-3 September 2014 ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-3:2009 English Version Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design Rcipients sous pression - Partie 3: Conception Unbefeuerte Druckbehlter - Teil 3: Konstruktion This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1
8、9 August 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may b
9、e obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to
10、the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, I
11、reland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management
12、Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13445-3:2014 E EN 13445-3:2014+A1 March 2015EN 13445-3:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 6 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative r
13、eferences . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 11 5 Basic design criteria . 13 5.1 General . 13 5.2 Corrosion, erosion and protection . . 13 5.3 Load cases . 15 5.4 Design methods 19 5.5 Thickness calculations (DBF) 20 5.6 Joint coefficient . 21 5.7 Design requirements of we
14、lded joints 22 6 Maximum allowed values of the nominal design stress for pressure parts . 25 6.1 General . 25 6.2 Steels (except castings), other than austenitic steels covered by 6.4 and 6.5, with a minimum rupture elongation, as given in the relevant technical specification for the material, below
15、 30 % . 26 6.3 Alternative route for steels (except castings), other than austenitic steels covered by 6.4 and 6.5, with a minimum rupture elongation, as given in the relevant technical specification for the material, below 30 % . 26 6.4 Austenitic steels (except castings) with a minimum elongation
16、after rupture, as given in the relevant technical specification for the material, from 30 % to 35 %. . 27 6.5 Austenitic steels (except castings) with a minimum rupture elongation, as given in the relevant technical specification for the material, from 35 %. . 27 6.6 Cast steels . 28 7 Shells under
17、internal pressure 29 7.1 Purpose 29 7.2 Specific definitions . 29 7.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 29 7.4 Cylindrical and spherical shells 29 7.5 Dished ends . 30 7.6 Cones and conical ends . 35 7.7 Nozzles which encroach into the knuckle region 43 8 Shells under external pressure . 48 8.1 P
18、urpose 48 8.2 Specific definitions . 48 8.3 Specific symbols and definitions 48 8.4 General . 51 8.5 Cylindrical shells . 52 8.6 Conical shell 73 8.7 Spherical shells . 81 8.8 Vessel ends . 82 9 Openings in shells 83 9.1 Purpose 83 9.2 Specific definitions . 83 9.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations
19、 . 84 9.4 General . 87 9.5 Isolated openings 99 9.6 Multiple openings 115 9.7 Openings close to a shell discontinuity . 125 BS EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-3:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 3 10 Flat ends 133 10.1 Purpose 133 10.2 Specific definitions . 13
20、3 10.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 133 10.4 Unpierced circular flat ends welded to cylindrical shells . 135 10.5 Unpierced bolted circular flat ends . 142 10.6 Pierced circular flat ends . 146 10.7 Flat ends of non-circular or annular shape 150 11 Flanges . 154 11.1 Purpose 154 11.2 Specifi
21、c definitions . 154 11.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 154 11.4 General . 157 11.5 Narrow face gasketed flanges . 161 11.6 Full face flanges with soft ring type gaskets . 176 11.7 Seal welded flanges 179 11.8 Reverse narrow face flanges . 179 11.9 Reverse full face flanges 182 11.10 Full face
22、 flanges with metal to metal contact 186 12 Bolted domed ends . 189 12.1 Purpose 189 12.2 Specific definitions . 189 12.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 189 12.4 General . 189 12.5 Bolted domed ends with narrow face gaskets . 189 12.6 Bolted domed ends with full face joints . 191 13 Heat Excha
23、nger Tubesheets 193 13.1 Purpose 193 13.2 Specific definitions . 193 13.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 193 13.4 U-tube tubesheet heat exchangers . 196 13.5 Fixed tubesheet heat exchangers . 210 13.6 Floating tubesheet heat exchangers . 238 13.7 Tubesheet characteristics 255 13.8 Maximum perm
24、issible tube to tubesheet joint stress . 262 13.9 Maximum permissible longitudinal compressive stress for tubes 263 13.10 Design of tubesheet flange extension with a narrow face gasket . 266 13.11 Design of tubesheet flange extension with a full face gasket 269 13.12 Special tube-to-tubesheet welded
25、 joints 272 14 Expansion bellows 275 14.1 Purpose 275 14.2 Specific definitions . 275 14.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 277 14.4 Conditions of applicability . 279 14.5 U-shaped unreinforced bellows 281 14.6 U-shaped reinforced bellows . 295 14.7 Toroidal bellows 303 14.8 Fabrication . 310 14
26、.9 Inspection and testing 312 14.10 Bellows subjected to axial, lateral or angular displacements 314 15 Pressure vessels of rectangular section 319 15.1 Purpose 319 15.2 Specific definitions . 319 15.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 319 15.4 General . 320 BS EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 EN 13445-3:
27、2014+A1:2015 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-3:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 4 15.5 Unreinforced vessels 320 15.6 Reinforced vessels . 326 15.7 Openings 333 16 Additional non-pressure loads 335 16.1 Purpose 335 16.2 Specific definitions . 335 16.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 336 16.4 Local loads
28、 on nozzles in spherical shells 337 16.5 Local loads on nozzles in cylindrical shells 347 16.6 Line loads 355 16.7 Lifting lugs . 361 16.8 Horizontal vessels on saddle supports 365 16.9 Horizontal vessels on ring supports . 379 16.10 Vertical vessels on bracket supports . 384 16.11 Vertical vessels
29、with supporting legs . 389 16.12 Vertical vessels with skirts 391 16.13 Vertical vessels with ring supports . 422 16.14 Global loads . 433 17 Simplified assessment of fatigue life 438 17.1 Purpose 438 17.2 Specific definitions . 438 17.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 440 17.4 Conditions of ap
30、plicability . 441 17.5 General . 442 17.6 Determination of allowable number of pressure cycles . 447 17.7 Assessment rule . 472 17.8 Design and manufacture 472 17.9 Testing . 473 18 Detailed assessment of fatigue life . 474 18.1 Purpose 474 18.2 Specific definitions . 474 18.3 Specific symbols and a
31、bbreviations . 477 18.4 Limitations . 479 18.5 General . 481 18.6 Welded material . 483 18.7 Unwelded components and bolts 488 18.8 Elastic-plastic conditions . 491 18.9 Fatigue action 493 18.10 Fatigue strength of welded components 496 18.11 Fatigue strength of unwelded components . 517 18.12 Fatig
32、ue strength of steel bolts . 522 19 Creep design . 525 19.1 Purpose 525 19.2 Specific definitions . 525 19.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 525 19.4 Design in the creep range 526 19.5 Nominal Design stress in the creep range . 526 19.6 Weld joint factor in the creep range 531 19.7 Pressure loa
33、ding of predominantly non-cyclic nature in the creep range . 531 19.8 Design procedures for DBF . 531 20 Design rules for reinforced flat walls 535 20.1 General . 535 20.2 Stayed flat walls 535 20.3 Specific definitions for stayed flat walls. 535 20.4 Required thickness of stayed flat walls 535 20.5
34、 Required dimensions and layout of staybolts and stays . 535 20.6 Requirements for threaded staybolts . 536 20.7 Requirements for welded-in staybolts and welded stays . 536 20.8 Tables for stayed flat walls 537 20.9 Figures for Stayed Flat Walls . 538 BS EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 EN 13445-3:2014+A1:20
35、15 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-3:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 5 21 Circular flat ends with radial reinforcement ribs . 541 21.1 Purpose 541 21.2 Specific definitions . 541 21.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 543 21.4 Ends without additional peripheral bending moment . 544 21.5 Ends with additi
36、onal peripheral bending moment 546 21.6 Openings 548 21.7 Welds 548 21.8 Central Ring . 548 22 Static analysis of tall vertical vessels on skirts . 550 22.1 Purpose 550 22.2 Definitions 550 22.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 551 22.4 Loads 552 22.5 Load combinations . 555 22.6 Stress analysis
37、 of pressure vessel shells and skirts 558 22.7 Design of joint between skirt and pressure vessel (at dished end or cylindrical shell) 558 22.8 Design of anchor bolts and base ring assembly . 558 22.9 Foundation loads 559 Annex A (normative) Design requirements for pressure bearing w elds . 560 Annex
38、 B (normative) Design by Analysis Direct Route . 584 Annex C (normative) Design by analysis - Method based on stress categories 614 Annex D (informative) Verification of the shape of vessels subject to external pressure 633 Annex E (normative) Procedure for calculating the departure from the true ci
39、rcle of cylinders and cones 640 Annex F (normative) Allowable external pressure for vessels outside circularity tolerance . 643 Annex G (normative) Alternative design rules for flanges and gasketed flange connections . 645 Annex GA (informative) Alternative design rules for flanges and gasketed flan
40、ge connections . 692 Annex H (informative) Gasket factors m and y 755 Annex I (informative) Additional information on heat exchanger tubesheet design . 758 Annex J (normative) Alternative method for the design of heat exchanger tubesheets . 762 Annex K (informative) Additional information on expansi
41、on bellows design 807 Annex L (informative) Basis for design rules related to additional non-pressure loads 813 Annex M (informative) In service monitoring of vessels operating in fatigue or creep 815 Annex N (informative) Bibliography to Clause 18 . 818 Annex O (informative) Physical properties of
42、steels 819 Annex P (normative) Classification of weld details to be assessed using principal stresses . 827 Annex Q (normative) Simplified procedure for the fatigue assessment of unwelded zones 840 Annex R (informative) Coefficients for creep-rupture model equations for extrapolation of creep-ruptur
43、e strength . 841 Annex S (informative) Extrapolation of the nominal design stress based on time- independent behaviour in the creep range 845 Annex T (normative) Design by experimental methods 851 Annex Y (informative) History of EN 13445-3 . 864 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this Euro
44、pean Standard and the Essential Requirements of the EU Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC . 865 BS EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 EN 13445-3:2014+A1:2015 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07)EN 13445-3:2014 (E) Issue 2 (2015-07) 6 Foreword This document (EN 13445-3:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC
45、54 “Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
46、latest by December 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN
47、by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard consists of the following Parts: Part 1: Gen
48、eral. Part 2: Materials. Part 3: Design. Part 4: Fabrication. Part 5: Inspection and testing. Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron. CR 13445-7, Unfired pressure vessels Part 7: Guidance on the use of
49、 conformity assessment procedures. Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of aluminium and aluminium alloys. CEN/TR 13445-9, Unfired pressure vessels Part 9: Conformance of EN 13445 series to ISO 16528 Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled. Corrections to the standard interpretations
