1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13490:2001 Mechanical vibration Industrial trucks Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration ICS 53.060; 13.160 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW +A1:2008BS EN 13490:20015 January 2002 National foreword A Amd. No. Da
2、te Comments +A1:2008 This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13490:2001+A1:2008. It supersedes BS EN 13490:200 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of th
3、e CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by ab . The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GME/21, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring, toSubcommittee GME/21/6, Humanexposure to mechanical vibration and shock. A l
4、ist of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from le
5、gal obligations. Date Comments ISBN 978 0 580 61499 6 BSI 2009 1 1 the This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008, and alignment of BS and CEN publication dates mendments/corrigenda issued since pu
6、blication I 30 April 2009 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13490:2001+A1 November 2008 ICS 13.160; 53.060 Supersedes EN 13490:2001 English Version Mechanical vibration - Industrial trucks - Laboratory evaluation and specification of operator seat vibration Vibrations mcaniques -
7、Chariots industriels - Evaluation en laboratoire et spcification des vibrations transmises loprateur par le sige Mechanische Schwingungen - Flurfrderzeuge - Laborverfahren zur Bewertung sowie Spezifikation der Schwingungen des Maschinenfhrersitzes This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 Aug
8、ust 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 5 October 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographic
9、al references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN
10、 member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, It
11、aly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-
12、1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13490:2001+A1:2008: EEN 13490:2001+A1:2008 (E) 2 Foreword This document (EN 13490:2001+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibr
13、ation and shock“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December
14、 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-10-05. This document supersedes EN 13490:2001. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commiss
15、ion and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organi
16、zations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rom
17、ania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 (E) 3 Introduction The operators of industrial trucks are often exposed to a low-frequency vibration environment mainly caused by the movement of the vehicles over uneven ground. T
18、he seat constitutes the last stage of suspension before the driver. To be efficient at attenuating the vibration, the suspension seat should be chosen according to the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle. The performance criteria provided in this European Standard have been set in accordance with
19、 what is attainable using what is at present the best design practice. They do not necessarily ensure the complete protection of the operator against effects of vibration and shock. They may be revised in the light of future developments and improvements in suspension design. Performance criteria ob
20、tained in accordance with this European Standard may be useful to manufacturers of industrial trucks when selecting seats for possible use in their products. However, to satisfy fully the requirements of the !EU“ Machinery Directive it is important for suppliers of mobile machinery to demonstrate th
21、at the seat supplied reduces the vibration in the specified machine to the lowest level that can be reasonably achieved. The test inputs included in this European Standard are based on a very large number of measurements taken in situ on industrial trucks while they were used under severe but typica
22、l operating conditions. The test method is based on EN 30326-1, which is a general method applicable to seats for different types of vehicles. 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard is applicable to operator seats used on industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053:1987 irrespective of power supply, type o
23、f equipment, lifting mechanism and tyres. It also applies to seats for other trucks not covered by ISO 5053:1987, e.g. variable-reach trucks and lowlift order picking trucks. 1.2 This European Standard specifies, in accordance with EN 30326-1, a laboratory method for measuring and evaluating the eff
24、ectiveness of the seat suspension in reducing the vertical wholebody vibration transmitted to the operator of industrial trucks at frequencies between 1 Hz and 20 Hz. 1.3 This European Standard defines the input spectral classes required for the following industrial trucks. Each class defines a grou
25、p of machines having similar vibration characteristics: Platform trucks, trucks rider-controlled, etc. with wheel mean diameter below 200 mm and highload non- rubber solid tyres (category 1) 1)Reach trucks, articulated trucks, etc. with wheel mean diameter below 450 mm and high-load non-rubber solid
26、 tyres or cylindrical/conical base rubber solid tyres (category 2) 1) Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter below 645 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (category 3) 1) Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter between 645 mm and 900 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (cate
27、gory 4a) 1) Straddle trucks, trucks with wheel mean diameter between 900 mm and 1 200 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (category 4b) 1)Trucks with wheel mean diameter between 1 200 mm and 2 000 mm and rubber solid or pneumatic tyres (category 5) 1) BS EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 EN 13490:2001+A1:200
28、8 (E) 4 All-terrain trucks (category 6) 1)1.4 This European Standard specifies performance criteria to be achieved by seats intended for each of the above-mentioned groups of machines. 1.5 The tests and criteria defined in this European Standard are intended for operator seats used in industrial tru
29、cks of conventional design. NOTE Other tests may be appropriate for machines with design features that result in significantly different vibration characteristics. 1.6 This European Standard is only concerned with the vertical component of whole-body vibration. Vibration which reaches the operator o
30、ther than through his seat, for example that sensed by his feet on the platform or control pedals or by his hands on the steering-wheel, is not covered. 2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the e
31、dition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.“ !deleted text“ EN 30326-1:1994, Mechanical vibration Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:1992) !EN ISO 8041, Hu
32、man response to vibration Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:2005)“ EN ISO 13090-1, Mechanical vibration and shock Guidance on safety aspects of tests and experiments with people Part 1: Exposure to whole-body mechanical vibration and repeated shock (ISO 13090-1:1998) ISO 2631-1:1997, Mechanical vi
33、bration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements ISO 5053:1987, Powered industrial trucks Terminology ISO 5805:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary !deleted text“ 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Terms
34、 and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5805:1997 and the following apply. 3.1.1 whole-body vibration vibration transmitted to the body as a whole through the buttocks of a seated operator 1) See !EN 13059“. BS EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 EN 1349
35、0:2001+A1:2008 (E) 5 3.1.2 input spectral class machines having similar ride vibration characteristics at the seat attachment point, grouped by virtue of various mechanical characteristics 3.1.3 operator seat that portion of the machine provided for the purpose of supporting the buttocks and back of
36、 the seated operator, including any suspension system and other mechanisms provided (for example, for adjusting the seat position) 3.1.4 frequency analysis process of arriving at a quantitative description of a vibration amplitude as a function of frequency 3.1.5 measuring period time duration in wh
37、ich vibration data for analysis is obtained 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this European Standard, the following symbols and abbreviations apply: a P (f r ) unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform at the resonance frequency a* P12 , a* P34unwe
38、ighted r.m.s. value of the target vertical acceleration at the platform under the seat (see Figure 1) between frequencies f 1and f 2 , or f 3and f 4a P12 , a P34unweighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the platform between frequencies f 1and f 2 , or f 3and f 4a S (f r ) unwe
39、ighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the seat disc at the resonance frequency a* wP12 , a* wP34weighted r.m.s. value of the target vertical acceleration at the platform between frequencies f 1and f 2 , or f 3and f 4a wP12weighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical accelera
40、tion at the platform between frequencies f 1and f 2a wS12 weighted r.m.s. value of the measured vertical acceleration at the seat disc (see Figure 1) between frequencies f 1and f 2B eresolution bandwidth, Hz EM Earth-moving Machinery f frequency, Hz f rfrequency at resonance G P (f) measured PSD of
41、the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) G* P (f) target PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) G* PL (f) lower limit for the measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) BS EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 (E) 6 G* PU(f) upper limit for
42、the measured PSD of the vertical vibration at the platform (seat base) H(f r ) transmissibility at resonance HP high-pass filter IT Industrial Truck LP Low-pass filter PSD Power spectral density expressed as acceleration squared per unit bandwidth, (m/s 2 ) 2 /Hz r.m.s. root mean square SEAT Seat Ef
43、fective Amplitude Transmissibility factor T ssampling time, s. BS EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 (E) 7 Key 1 Seat backrest 2 Seat pan 3 Accelerometer disc on the seat pan (S) 4 Seat suspension 5 Platform 6 Accelerometer on the platform (P) 7 Base of the seat Provision shall be made for
44、adjustment of the angles of the knees, the ankles and the backrest (if possible) (see 5.2). Figure 1 Posture of the test person BS EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 EN 13490:2001+A1:2008 (E) 8 4 General 4.1 The laboratory simulated machine vertical vibration, specified as input spectral class, is based on repre
45、sentative measured data from machines in severe but typical working conditions. The input spectral class is a representative envelope for the machines within the class, therefore the laboratory test is more severe than the typical vibration environment of any specific machine. 4.2 Two criteria are u
46、sed for the evaluation of seat: a) the Seat Effective Amplitude Transmissibility (SEAT) factor according to EN 30326-1:1994, 9.1, but with frequency weighting according to ISO 2631-1, b) the maximum transmission ratio in the damping test according to EN 30326-1:1994, 9.2. 4.3 The measuring equipment
47、 shall be in accordance with !EN ISO 8041“ and EN 30326-1:1994, Clauses 4 and 5. The frequency weighting shall include the effects of the band limiting filters, and be in accordance with ISO 2631-1 (see !EN ISO 8041“). 4.4 Safety precautions shall be in accordance with EN ISO 13090-1. Any compliant
48、end-stops or devices normally fitted to production versions of the seat to be tested to minimize the effect of suspension overtravel shall be in place for the dynamic tests. 5 Test conditions and test procedure The test conditions and test procedure shall be in accordance with EN 30326-1:1994, Claus
49、es 7 and 8. 5.1 Simulation of vibration See EN 30326-1:1994, Clause 5. A platform, the dimensions of which correspond approximately to those of the operators platform of an industrial truck, shall be mounted on a vibrator which is capable of generating vibration along the vertical axis (see Figure 1). 5.2 Test seat The operator seat for the test shall be representative of series-produced models, with regard to construction, static and vibration characteristics and other features which may affect the vibration test results. Before the test
