1、Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Requirements and test methods - Part 2: Specific requirements and test methods The European Standard EN 13528-2:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICs 13.040.20 BS EN 135 28-2:2002 British
2、Standards NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13528-2:2002 Amd. No. Date ISBN O 550 40577 X National foreword Comments This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13528-22002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by T
3、echnical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/3, Ambient atmospheres, which has the responsibility to: - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible internationayEuropean committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK inter
4、ests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications
5、referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary p
6、rovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee
7、, was published under the authority of the Standards policy and Summary of pages pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. to 27 and a back cover- Strategy Comm
8、ittee on 11 October 2002 Amendments issued since publication 0 BSI 11 October 2002 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13528-2 September 2002 ICs 13.040.20 English version Ambient air quality - Diffusive samplers for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours - Require
9、ments and test methods - Part 2: Specific requirements and test methods Qualit de Iair - Echantillonneurs par diffusion pour la dtermination des concentrations des gaz et des vapeurs - Prescriptions et mthodes dessai - Partie 2: Prescrlptllns spcifiques et mthodes dessai Auenlutqualitt - Passivsamml
10、er zur Bestimmung der Konzentrationen von Gasen und Dmpfen - Anforderungen und Prfverfahren - Teil 2: Spezifische Anforderungen und Pitifverfa hren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 July 2002. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC internai Regulations which stipulate th
11、e conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in t
12、hree official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and noWied to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Aust
13、ria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Noway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPeEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Man
14、agement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels 0 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. - Ref. No. EN 13528-2:2002 E EN 13528-2:2002 (E) Contents Page Fa rewo rd 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms
15、and definitions . 7 4 Symbols and abbreviations 8 5 Requirements . 10 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Shelf life . 10 5.6 Sampler integrity . 10 5.7 Blank value 10 Desorption efficiency (for samplers involving solvent desorption) 10 Desorption efficiency (for samplers involving thermal desorption) . 10 Effect o
16、f air velocity/sampler orientation . 10 Storage (indirect-reading samplers) 10 5.8 Field tests 11 5.9 Uncertainty 11 Instructions for use 11 Sample identification . 11 5.1 O 5.1 I 6 General test conditions . 12 6.1 Reagents . 12 6.2 Apparatus 12 6.3 Independent method . 12 6.4 Generation of a calibr
17、ation gas mixture 12 6.4.1 General . 12 6.4.2 Calibration gas mixture . 12 6.5 Test conditions 13 General . 13 6.5.1 6.5.2 7.7, 7.8 and annex A) 14 6.5.3 Laboratory test under reproducibility conditions involving standard atmospheres (7.5) 14 6.5.4 Laboratory tests not involving standard atmospheres
18、 (7.2, 7.6, 7.9) . 14 6.5.5 Field tests 14 7 Test methods . 14 7.1 General 14 7.2 Desorption efficiency . 15 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.4 7.5 7.5.1 Procedure . 17 7.5.2 Calculation 17 7.6 Storage (for indirect-reading samplers) 17 p raced Ure . 17 7.6.1 Calculation 18 7.6.2 Laboratory tests
19、 under repeatability conditions involving standard atmospheres (7.3, 7.4, Spiking method for samplers involving solvent desorption . 15 Spiking method for samplers involving thermal desorption 15 Phase equilibrium method (samplers involving solvent desorption) . 15 Bias due to the selection of a non
20、-ideal sorbent (for samplers relying on reversible sorption) 16 Procedure . 16 Calculation 16 Test on influence of air velocity and sampler orientation 16 Effect of environmental parameters on sampler performance (uptake rate) 17 2 EN 13528-22002 (E) 7.7 Shelf life . 18 7.8 Sampler leak test 18 7.9
21、7.1 O Field tests 18 8 8.1 General 18 8.2 Desorption efficiency . 18 8.3 Uptake rate 19 8.4 Storage 19 8.5 Shelf life 19 8.7 Blank value 20 8.8 Type B errors 20 8.1 O 9 10 Determination of the blank value 18 Calculation of uncertainty 18 . 8.6 Sampler integrity . 19 8.9 Combined uncertainty . 20 Fie
22、ld tests 20 Levels of evaluation 20 Test rep0 rt 20 11 Marking . 21 Annex A (normative) Determination of diffusive uptake rates (indirect-reading samplers) . 22 Annex B (normative) Calculation of exposure concentration 24 Annex C (informative) Calculation of uncertainty components . 25 Bibliography
23、27 3 EN 13528-2:2002 (E) Foreword This document (EN 13528-2:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air Quality“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endo
24、rsement, at the latest by March 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2003. This European Standard is a multi-part standard having the following parts: - Part I: (Ambient Air Quality) General requirements; - Part 2: (Ambient Air Quality) Specific requirem
25、ents and test methods; - Part 3: The annexes A and B are normative, annex C is informative. (Ambient Air Quality) Guide to selection, use and maintenance. According to the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eu
26、ropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 4 EN 13528-22002 (E) Introduction This European Standard specifies requirements
27、and test methods for the determination of performance characteristics of diffusive samplers used for the determination of concentrations of gases and vapours in ambient atmospheres. With regard to air quality, the objectives fixed in the 5h Action Program of the European Union are for the effective
28、protection of all people against recognised risks from air pollution and the establishment of permitted concentration levels of air pollutants, which should take into account the protection of the environment. These objectives include monitoring and control of concentrations with regard to standards
29、. Successive programs of action of the European Union on the protection of the environment have stressed the need to find a balance between the use of different tools: product standards, emission limits and environmental objectives/standards. The implementation of existing Directives has highlighted
30、 the existence of various problems, which are being addressed in the Council Directive on Ambient Air Quality Assessment and Management I. These include: - the different monitoring strategies in comparable situations between and within Member States; - the harmonisation of measuring methods; - the q
31、uality of the measurements which depends on the calibration and quality assurance procedures. Diffusive samplers used to measure air quality have to fulfil some general requirements, which are given in EN 13528-1. These requirements include unambiguity, selectivity and Data Quality Objectives, inclu
32、ding uncertainty. Such general requirements can also be appropriate for other measurement procedures used in the assessment of ambient air quality. In addition, diffusive samplers used to measure ambient air quality have to also fulfil some specific requirements in addition to those specified in EN
33、13528-1. These specific requirements are given in this part of EN 13528 (see clause 5). prEN 13528-3 gives guidance on the selection, use and maintenance of diffusive samplers used to measure ambient air quality. It is the users primary responsibility to choose appropriate procedures or devices that
34、 meet the requirements of this European Standard. One way of doing this is to obtain information or confirmation from the manufacturer. Type testing, or more generally, the assessment of performance criteria of procedures or devices, can be undertaken by the manufacturer, user, test house or researc
35、h and development laboratory, as is most appropriate. Although this standard specifically addresses ambient air, diffusive sampling is also relevant to the assessment of air quality in indoor air. Both pumped and diffusive sampling procedures are considered appropriate for such measurements, dependi
36、ng on circumstances (particularly any requirement for time resolution) 2. prEN 14412 gives guidance on the selection, use and maintenance of diffusive samplers used to measure indoor air quality. This part of EN 13528 is similar in content to EN 838 and EN 13528-1 is similar in content to EN 482. Th
37、e series of standards on the use of diffusive samplers for ambient air has been created in addition to those for workplace air because the underlying European Directives are different and the consequent definitions and practical applications of the estimation of the uncertainty of measurements are d
38、ifferent. 5 EN 13528-2:2002 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard specifies specific performance requirements and test methods under prescribed laboratory and field conditions for diffusive samplers used for the determination of the concentration of gases or vapours in ambient air. Such requirements ap
39、ply to all diffusive samplers, irrespective of the physical nature of the rate-controlling process and irrespective of the nature of the sorption process and the analytical determination. This standard applies to all stages of the measuring procedure, including transportation and storage of the samp
40、le where appropriate. This standard applies to measuring procedures with separate sampling and analysis stages, and also to direct- reading devices. This European Standard is applicable to diffusive samplers according to 3.6 of EN 13528-1:2002. This European Standard should enable manufacturers and
41、users of diffusive samplers to adopt a consistent approach to sampler validation and provide a framework for the assessment of sampler performance against criteria specified in EN 13528-1. it is the responsibility of the manufacturer or of those who assemble the diffusive samplers to ensure that the
42、 sampler complies with the data quality objectives given in this European Standard. For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with data quality objectives prescribed for methods to be used in support of the Council Directive on Ambient Air Quality Assessment and Management, this part of EN 13528 p
43、rovides the relevant requirements and test methods for the determination of measurement uncertainty. As indicated in 6.5.2 to 6.5.4, some of these procedures are to be undertaken by a single representative laboratory, some by several laboratories in an interlaboratory trial, and some by the laborato
44、ry implementing the method. This division of responsibility is in accordance with Table 1 of CEN Report CR 14377:2002 3. Where only one laboratory is involved in establishing the performance characteristics of a method, as in a manufacturers assessment, the reproducibility elements of the uncertaint
45、y budget shall be estimated under within- laboratory reproducibility conditions, i.e. by performing the relevant experiments independently, as far as reasonably practicable. This type of assessment is identified as level 2 (see clause 8). This standard can encourage the development of new types of d
46、iffusive sampler. Prior to conducting a full evaluation according to this standard, it would be useful to conduct laboratory or field intercomparisons with established samplers. These intercomparisons should be conducted by experienced institutes. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorp
47、orates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this Euro
48、pean Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). ENV 13005: 1999, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement. IS0 5725, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measure
49、ment methods and results (all parts). 6 EN 13528-2:2002 (E) 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 ambient air outdoor air in the troposphere, excluding indoor air and workplaces 3.2 averaging time period of time for which the measuring procedure yields a single value EN 4821 3.3 bias difference between the expectation of the test results and an accepted reference value IS0 3534-11 3.4 combined standard uncertainty standard uncertainty of the result of a measurement when that result is obt
