1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13887:2003 Structural adhesives Guidelines for surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding The European Standard EN 13887:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.20; 83.180 BS EN 13887:2003 This British Standard, was published under the au
2、thority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 4 September 2003 BSI 4 September 2003 ISBN 0 580 42568 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13887:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/52, A
3、dhesives, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue u
4、nder the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct a
5、pplication. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed
6、 monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 30, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicat
7、es when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13887 August2003 ICS25.220.20;83.180 Englishversion StructuralAdhesivesGuidelinesforsurfacepreparationof metalsandplasticspriortoadhesivebonding Adhsifsstr
8、ucturauxGuidepourlaprparationdes surfacesdesmtauxetdesplastiquesavantlecollagepar adhsif StrukturklebstoffeLeitlinienfrdie OberflchenvorbehandlungvonMetallenundKunststoffen vordemKleben ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon10July2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationsw
9、hichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(Engli
10、sh,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hu
11、ngary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinan
12、yformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN13887:2003EEN13887:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 6 2 Normativereferences 6 3 Termsanddefinitions. .6 4 Safetyandenvironmentlegislation .7 5 Initialpreparativetechniques .7 5.1 General7 5.2 Handling8 5.3 C
13、leaning8 5.4 Storing.8 6 Surfacemodification .8 6.1 Physical:Mechanical(scarification) 8 6.2 Physical:Nonmechanical 9 6.3 Chemical .10 6.4 Combinedprocedures. 14 7 Preparativeprocedures .15 7.1 General15 7.2 Metals15 7.3 Plastics27 8 Evaluationofdurability .29 Bibliography 30EN13887:2003(E) 3 Forewo
14、rd Thisdocument(EN13887:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC193,“Adhesives“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyAENOR. This.EuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyFebruary2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshall
15、bewithdrawnatthelatest byFebruary2004. ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropean FreeTradeAssociation,andsupportsessentialrequirementsofEUDirective(s). AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countries
16、areboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN13887:2003(E) 4 Introduction Historically,surfacepreparation
17、hasrequiredtheuseofsolventsandreactivechemicals.However,itshouldbe notedthattheuseofsuchmaterialsisnowgenerallydeprecatedandindividualidentifiedsubstancesarebecoming progressivelybannedthroughouttheEU.Forthesereasons,traditionalproceduresusing,forexample,chromic acidarewithoneexceptionnotprovidedint
18、hisstandard.Inaddition,suchchlorinatedsolvents,asmaybe allowedbytheMontrealProtocolandNationallaws,shouldonlybeusedinenclosedsystems.Evenso,theuseof thesesolventsisnotgenerallysupportedbythisstandard.SeealsoEURegulation(EC)No2037/20001. Inordertoachievetheoptimumenvironmentaldurabilityfromabondedjoi
19、nt,thetraditionalpreparativeapproach usually,thoughnotnecessarily,consistsofthreesequentialsteps: theremovalofcontaminants; physicallyinducedmodificationofthesurface; chemicaltreatment. However,legislativepressureisdrivingdevelopmentandwiththattheintroductionofnewmethods.Intheselatter,the morehazard
20、ousoxidativetreatments,andtheirassociateddisposalproblems,areavoided.Thecorresponding introductionoflessaggressiveoxidisingtechniques,ortheuseofcouplingagents,oftenallowstheseparatestepsof theforegoingsequencetobeadvantageouslycombined.Thesenewprocessesarelargelyproprietaryand,where used,thecoupling
21、agentstendtobebaseduponsilanechemistry.However,whatevertheprocess,itisimportant torealisethatwhiletheeffectivenessofthenewtechniques(presentedhere)iswellestablished,generalutility cannotbeassumed.Consequently,itisnecessarytodemonstratethatanymethodselectedisappropriateforthe intendedpurposeandthatth
22、eoptimalconditionsfortheproductionprocessitselfhavebeencorrectlyestablished. Somematerialswillbondfarbetterthanothersandsomewillnotbondatallwithoutspecialtreatment.The suitabilityofasurfaceforbondingdependsuponthedegreeofsurfacepreparation,thejointsdesign,itsfunction (joining,sealing,etc.)andtheenvi
23、ronmentinwhichithastoperform. Priortobonding,somedegreeofsurfacepreparationisrequiredformostadhesivesbutnotall.Materialsurfaces thatareparticularlypronetoweakorloosesurfacelayers,stresscrackingorsolventattackusuallyrequirespecial treatment. Followingappropriatepreparation,mostengineeringmetals,orthe
24、iralloys,canbebondedsatisfactorily.However, theoptimisationofthedurabilityofametalbasedjointusuallyrequirestheintroductionofprogressivelymorecomplex andspecifictreatments. Themajorityofboththermosetandthermoplasticsmaterialscanbepreparedbycommonlyapplicabletechniques. Wereitnotforcontaminationandres
25、idualmouldreleaseagents,thethermosetplastics(e.g.polyepoxyand polyestercomposites)wouldbondwellwithoutanypreparationatall.Bycontrast,mostthermoplasticsrequire carefulpreparationbecauseoftheirlowsurfaceenergy.However,whilethetechniquesrequiredaregenerally applicabletherewilloftenbedifferencesinthepro
26、cessdetail. Somepaintsespeciallythecataphoretic,waterbasedprimersusedbythevehicleindustries,canprovidean excellentsurfaceforbonding.Nevertheless,acheckofthestabilityoftheinterfacebelowthepaintis recommended.Sometimesthesurfaceofthepaint,eveniffresh,canrequiretreatmentinordertoraiseitsfree energyandt
27、husfacilitatewetting. Certainadhesivespossesstheabilitytodissolvelightoilsandsomepolymericmaterials.Consequently,forjointsthat arenot“safetycritical“somesurfacesdonotrequireanypreparationatallpriortobonding. Thevariousmethodsprovidedforcleaningandmodifyingsurfacesaredrawnfromcurrentanddevelopingprac
28、tice. Thetechniquesdescribedcanbeusedinavarietyofcombinationstocreatethebasisofapractical,preparative processthatwillprovideenhancedenvironmentaldurability.EN13887:2003(E) 5 Thisstandarddoesnotprovideameansofidentifyingthemostappropriatemethodofpreparation.Thiscanonly bedetermined,inparticularinstan
29、ces,withregardtothemanufacturingprocessandtheeventualuseofthe bondeditems.However,inanyevent,themethodused,shouldbebothcompatiblewithevolvingNational legislationandECregulationsandrepresenttheleasthazardousmeansofachievingtheperformancerequired. Avarietyofprocessoptionsaredescribedforcommonlyencount
30、eredmetalsandplasticsinclause7.EN13887:2003(E) 6 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestheusualproceduresforthepreparationofcomponentsurfacespriortobonding foreitherlaboratoryevaluationortheprocessofconstruction. ThisEuropeanStandardisapplicabletometalandplasticsurfacesthatarecommonlyencountered. Thes
31、ecomprisethefollowingmetalandplasticfamiliesthelatterincludingfilledversionsandsuitablepaints: METALS:aluminium,chromium,copper,magnesium,nickel,steel(mild),steel(stainless),tin,titanium,zinc. PAINTS:cataphoretic,polyalkyd,polyester,polyepoxide,polyurethane. PLASTICS: thermoplastic:Acrylonitrile/but
32、adiene/styreneplastic(ABSplastic),Polyacetalplastic,Polyacrylicplastic,Polyamide plastic(PAplastic),Poly(butyleneterephthalate)(PBT),Polycarbonateplastic(PCplastic),Polyesterplastic, Polyetheretherketone(PEEK),Polyethersulfone(PES),Polyethyleneplastic(PEplastic),Polyimide,Poly(methyl methacrylate)pl
33、astic(PMMAplastic),Poly(phenyleneoxide)(PPO),Polypropyleneplastic,Polystyreneplastic(PS plastic),Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE),Poly(vinylchloride)plastic(PVCplastic). thermoset:Allylphthalateplastic,Aminoplastic,Celluloseesters ,Epoxyplastic,Polyesterplastic,Phenolicplastic, Polyurethane(PUR). 2 Nor
34、mativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEur
35、opean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN923:1998, AdhesivesTermsanddefinitions . EN22435, AerospaceSeriesStructuraladhesivesTestmethodsPart5:Ageingtests ENISO472:2001, PlasticsVocabular
36、y(ISO472:1999). 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninEN923:1998andinEN ISO472:2001andthefollowingapply. 3.1 plastic(includingpaint) Materialwhichcontainsasanessentialingredientahighpolymerandwhichatsomestageinitsprocessinginto finishedproductscanbes
37、hapedbyflow. NOTE1 Elastomericmaterials,whichalsoareshapedbyflow,arenotconsideredasplastics. NOTE2 Insomecountries,particularlyintheUnitedKingdom,itisapermittedoptiontousetheterm“plastics“asthe singularformaswellasthepluralform. NOTE3 AdaptedfromENISO472EN13887:2003(E) 7 4 Safetyandenvironmentlegisl
38、ation Theusersofthisstandardshallbefamiliarwithnormallaboratorypracticeandtheprinciplesofgoodindustrial hygiene. Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallsafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibility oftheusertoestablishsafetyandhealthpracticesandtoensurecompliancewithanyEuropeanandna
39、tional regulatoryconditions. Someofthemethodsgivenbelowemploydangeroustechniques,materialsandproprietarychemicals.Itis essentialthereforethatthesuppliersinstructionsarefollowed,healthandsafetydatastudiedandappropriate safetyproceduresestablished. Concentratedacids,alkalisandoxidisingagentsarehighlyc
40、orrosivechemicals.Splashescancausesevere damagetobothskinandeyesandwilldamagenormalclothing.Protectiveclothing(e.g.overalls,glovesand gogglesorvisors)shallalwaysbewornwhenusingthesechemicals. Similarly,appropriateprecautionsshallbetakenwhenusingsolvents.Ataminimum,eyeprotectionandgloves(or appropria
41、tebarriercream)shallbeworn.Donotallowanycleaningmaterialstocontacttheskin.Abusecanleadto dermatitis. AttentionisdrawntotheidentificationofsolventsinaccordancewithEUDirective89/655/EEC2. Whereverpossibleusepropan2olasasolvent,preferablyinaclosedsystem.Otherwise,ifthereisnopractical alternative,aketon
42、ecanbeusedthoughitshallbeemployedinaclosedsystem.Takecare!Allsolvent associated,handlingprocessesshalltakeintoaccounttheflammabilityofalcoholsandketonesparticularly ketonesandthefactthatallsuchmaterialsarenarcoticinconcentration.Ensurethatappropriateprecautionsare takentoeliminateallsourcesofsolvent
43、vapourandignitionparticularlyelectrostaticsparkingandtoprevent operatorsfrombeingexposedtosolventvapourduringanypartoftheworkcycle. WasteandspentmaterialsshallbedisposedofinaccordancewithEUandnationallegislativerequirements throughtheservicesofanauthoriseddisposalorganisationwhoseadviceshallalwaysbesought. WARNING Whenmakingupsolutions,neverpourwaterintoacid.Alwaysaddacidinaslowsteady streamtoastirredsolution.Anexothermicreactioncanheattheresultingmixture.Ifthisoccurs,personal contaminationhazardswillbeintensified.Takegreatcare. 5 Initialpreparativetechniques 5.1General Whensafety
