1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1538:2010Execution of special geotechnical work Diaphragm wallsBS EN 1538:2010+A1:2015BS EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1538:2010+A1:2015. It supersedes BS EN 1538:2010 which is withdrawn.The s
2、tart and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by .The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Co
3、mmittee B/526, Geotechnics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2
4、015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 87597 7ICS 93.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2010.Amendments/corrigen
5、da issued since publicationDate Text affected30 June 2015 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1538:2010+A1 June 2015 ICS 93.020 Supersedes EN 1538:2010English Version Execution of special geotechnical work - Diaphragm walls Excution des travaux
6、 gotechniques spciaux - Parois moules Ausfhrung von Arbeiten im Spezialtiefbau - SchlitzwndeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 July 2010 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 17 April 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate t
7、he conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standar
8、d exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nation
9、al standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slova
10、kia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
11、 reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 EEN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Information needed for the execution of the work 10 4.1 General . 10 4.2 Special features . 10 5 Geote
12、chnical investigation 11 5.1 General . 11 5.2 Specific requirements . 12 6 Materials and products . 13 6.1 Constituents 13 6.1.1 General . 13 6.1.2 Bentonite 13 6.1.3 Polymers 13 6.1.4 Cement . 13 6.1.5 Aggregates. 14 6.1.6 Water 14 6.1.7 Additions 14 6.1.8 Admixtures. 14 6.2 Support fluids 14 6.2.1
13、 Bentonite suspensions . 14 6.2.2 Polymer solutions . 15 6.2.3 Fresh hardening slurries 16 6.3 Concrete . 16 6.3.1 General . 16 6.3.2 Aggregates. 16 6.3.3 Cement contents . 16 6.3.4 Water/cement ratio 16 6.3.5 Admixtures. 16 6.3.6 Fresh concrete 17 6.3.7 Sampling and testing on site . 17 6.4 Plastic
14、 concrete . 17 6.5 Hardening slurry . 18 6.6 Reinforcement . 18 6.7 Additional inserted products . 19 7 Considerations related to design 19 7.1 General . 19 7.2 Panel stability 20 7.2.1 General considerations 20 7.2.2 General principle of design 20 7.2.3 Comparable experience 20 7.2.4 Stability cons
15、iderations 21 7.2.5 Trial excavation(s) . 21 7.3 Socketing into rock . 21 7.4 Precast concrete panels . 22 7.5 Reinforcement cages 22 7.5.1 General considerations 22 7.5.2 Design principles 22 7.5.3 Vertical reinforcement 23 7.5.4 Horizontal reinforcement 23 7.5.5 Multiple cages and joints . 23 BS E
16、N 1538:2010+A1:2015EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E)EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Information needed for the execution of the work 10 4.1 General . 10 4.2 Special features . 10 5 Geotechnical investigation 11 5.1 Gener
17、al . 11 5.2 Specific requirements . 12 6 Materials and products . 13 6.1 Constituents 13 6.1.1 General . 13 6.1.2 Bentonite 13 6.1.3 Polymers 13 6.1.4 Cement . 13 6.1.5 Aggregates. 14 6.1.6 Water 14 6.1.7 Additions 14 6.1.8 Admixtures. 14 6.2 Support fluids 14 6.2.1 Bentonite suspensions . 14 6.2.2
18、Polymer solutions . 15 6.2.3 Fresh hardening slurries 16 6.3 Concrete . 16 6.3.1 General . 16 6.3.2 Aggregates. 16 6.3.3 Cement contents . 16 6.3.4 Water/cement ratio 16 6.3.5 Admixtures. 16 6.3.6 Fresh concrete 17 6.3.7 Sampling and testing on site . 17 6.4 Plastic concrete . 17 6.5 Hardening slurr
19、y . 18 6.6 Reinforcement . 18 6.7 Additional inserted products . 19 7 Considerations related to design 19 7.1 General . 19 7.2 Panel stability 20 7.2.1 General considerations 20 7.2.2 General principle of design 20 7.2.3 Comparable experience 20 7.2.4 Stability considerations 21 7.2.5 Trial excavati
20、on(s) . 21 7.3 Socketing into rock . 21 7.4 Precast concrete panels . 22 7.5 Reinforcement cages 22 7.5.1 General considerations 22 7.5.2 Design principles 22 7.5.3 Vertical reinforcement 23 7.5.4 Horizontal reinforcement 23 7.5.5 Multiple cages and joints . 23 EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 3 7.6 Recesse
21、s and perforations 24 7.7 Minimum and nominal cover . 24 8 Execution . 24 8.1 Construction phases 24 8.2 Construction tolerances 25 8.2.1 Panel. 25 8.2.2 Retaining walls 25 8.2.3 Cut-off walls 26 8.2.4 Reinforcement cage 26 8.3 Preliminary works . 26 8.3.1 Working platform 26 8.3.2 Guide-walls 26 8.
22、4 Excavation . 27 8.4.1 Supporting the walls of the excavation 27 8.4.2 Excavation sequence . 28 8.4.3 Loss of support fluid 28 8.5 Cleaning the excavation . 28 8.6 Forming the joints . 28 8.7 Placing the reinforcement or other elements 29 8.8 Concreting and trimming . 29 8.8.1 General . 29 8.8.2 Co
23、ncreting in dry conditions . 30 8.8.3 Concreting under support fluid . 30 8.8.4 Loss of immersion of tremie pipe . 31 8.8.5 Trimming 31 9 Supervision, testing and monitoring 31 10 Records 32 11 Special requirements 32 Annex A (informative) Glossary 34 Annex B (informative) Control schedules during t
24、he execution . 36 Annex C (informative) Sample concreting record forms for diaphragm walls 42 Annex D (informative) Degree of obligation of the provisions 43 Bibliography . 47 BS EN 1538:2010+A1:2015EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E)EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1538:2010+A1:2015) has
25、been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 288 “Execution of special geotechnical works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2015,
26、 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
27、 This document supersedes !EN 1538:2010“. This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2015-04-17. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. The general scope of TC 288 is the standardisation of the execution procedures for geotechn
28、ical works (including testing and control methods), and of the required material properties. WG15 has been charged to revise EN 1538:2000, with the subject area of both retaining and cut-off diaphragm walls. This standard does not address the execution of barrettes, which is covered by EN 1536, Exec
29、ution of special geotechnical work Bored piles. The design, planning and execution of retaining and cut-off diaphragm walls call for experience and knowledge in this specialised field. The execution phase requires skilled and qualified personnel and the present standard cannot replace the expertise
30、of specialist contractors. The document has been prepared to stand alongside EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 1: General rules and EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 2: Ground investigation and testing. This standard expands on design only where necessary (e.g. the detail
31、ing of reinforcement) and provides full coverage of the construction and supervision requirements. #The amendment became necessary to accord the Standard EN 1538:2010 with EN 206:2013, Concrete Specification, performance, production and conformity. EN 206:2013 has been revised to contain also the sp
32、ecific requirements for concrete for applications for special geotechnical works, making redundant respective provisions in EN 1538 (e.g. 6.1, 6.3 and 8.8). Full according with EN 13670, Execution of concrete structures is however still pending. EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 therefore still contains specific
33、 requirements for bored piles as a concrete structure, such as the detailing of the reinforcement, the concrete placement and the supervision of concreting process which are complementing the provisions of EN 13670. In addition, some editorial corrections were made in this amended Standard.“ Accordi
34、ng to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, G
35、reece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1538:2010+A1:2015EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E)EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 4 Foreword This docume
36、nt (EN 1538:2010+A1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 288 “Execution of special geotechnical works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, a
37、t the latest by December 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying
38、any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes !EN 1538:2010“. This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2015-04-17. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. The general scope of TC 288 is the standardisation of the exe
39、cution procedures for geotechnical works (including testing and control methods), and of the required material properties. WG15 has been charged to revise EN 1538:2000, with the subject area of both retaining and cut-off diaphragm walls. This standard does not address the execution of barrettes, whi
40、ch is covered by EN 1536, Execution of special geotechnical work Bored piles. The design, planning and execution of retaining and cut-off diaphragm walls call for experience and knowledge in this specialised field. The execution phase requires skilled and qualified personnel and the present standard
41、 cannot replace the expertise of specialist contractors. The document has been prepared to stand alongside EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 1: General rules and EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 2: Ground investigation and testing. This standard expands on design only wh
42、ere necessary (e.g. the detailing of reinforcement) and provides full coverage of the construction and supervision requirements. #The amendment became necessary to accord the Standard EN 1538:2010 with EN 206:2013, Concrete Specification, performance, production and conformity. EN 206:2013 has been
43、revised to contain also the specific requirements for concrete for applications for special geotechnical works, making redundant respective provisions in EN 1538 (e.g. 6.1, 6.3 and 8.8). Full according with EN 13670, Execution of concrete structures is however still pending. EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 the
44、refore still contains specific requirements for bored piles as a concrete structure, such as the detailing of the reinforcement, the concrete placement and the supervision of concreting process which are complementing the provisions of EN 13670. In addition, some editorial corrections were made in t
45、his amended Standard.“ According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of
46、 Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard establ
47、ishes general principles for the execution of diaphragm walls as either retaining walls or cut-off walls. NOTE 1 This standard covers only structures constructed in a trench excavated with a support fluid or in dry conditions, where soil is removed and replaced by concrete or slurry and with wall th
48、ickness B 40 cm. NOTE 2 Diaphragm walls can be permanent or temporary structures. NOTE 3 The following types of structure are considered: a) retaining walls: usually constructed to support the sides of an excavation in the ground. They include: 1) cast in situ concrete diaphragm walls; 2) precast co
49、ncrete diaphragm walls; 3) reinforced slurry walls; b) cut-off walls: usually constructed to prevent migration of groundwater, clear or polluted, or of other contaminants present in the ground. They include: 1) slurry walls (possibly with membranes or sheet piles); 2) plastic concrete walls. NOTE 4 Walls formed shallow vertical trenches (typically excavations with a ratio of depth over thickness D/B 5 or D 5 m) are not covered by this standard. BS EN 1538:2010+A1:2015EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E)EN 1538:2010+A1:2015 (E) 6 Key 1 Wall thickness (B) 7 Guide-wall
