1、BS EN1987-3:1998ICS 13.260; 43.120NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDElectrically propelledroad vehicles Specific requirementsfor safety Protection of users against electricalhazardsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the Standa
2、rdsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 July1998. BSI 2009ISBN 0 580 29150 2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1987-3:1998National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1987-3:1998.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCo
3、mmittee PEL/69, Electric vehicles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Stand
4、ard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1987-3:1998BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Definitions 4 3.1 conductive part 4 3.2 live part 4 3.3 exposed conductive part 5 3.4 electrical circuit 5 3.5 nominal voltage of an electri
5、cal system 5 3.6 working voltage of an electrical circuit 5 3.7 auxiliary function 5 3.8 auxiliary electrical circuit 5 3.9 power circuit 5 3.10 electrical chassis 6 3.11 direct contact 6 3.12 indirect contact 6 3.13 basic insulation 6 3.14 supplementary insulation 6 3.15 double insulation 6 3.16 re
6、inforced insulation 6 3.17 protection degree 7 3.18 class I equipment 7 3.19 class II equipment 7 3.20 opening parts 7 3.21 temperature rise 7 3.22 ground clearance between the axles 7 4 Voltage classes of an electrical circuit 8 5 Protection against direct contacts 8 5.1 Class A 8 5.2 Class B 8 6 P
7、rotection against indirect contacts 9 6.1 Class A 10 6.2 Class B 10 6.3 Test procedure 11 7 Protection against temperature rise 13 7.1 Requirements towards temperature rise 13 7.2 Requirements towards temperature rise by overcurrent 13 8 Protection against water effects 13 8.1 Test procedure 13 8.2
8、Requirements 15 Annex A (normative) - Hose nozzle for IPX5 test 16 Annex B (normative) - Spray nozzle (brass) for IPX3 test 17 Annex C (informative) - Bibliography 18 2 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 301 “Electrically p
9、ropelled road vehicles“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest b
10、y July 1998. This EN 1987 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Electrically propelled road vehicles - Specific requirements for safety : - Part 1 : On board energy storage ; - Part 2 : Functional safety and protection against failure ; - Part 3 : Protection of users against elec
11、trical hazards. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherla
12、nds, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 3 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 4 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 1 Scope This standard specifies the requirements for electrically propelled road vehicles in terms of electrical safety, when the electrical vehicle is not co
13、nnected to the external power supply. This is applicable to electric vehicles for which the maximum working voltage of any electrical circuit is 750 V dc or 500 V ac. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
14、normative references are cited at appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated ref
15、erences the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1987-1 : 1997, Electrically propelled road vehicles - Specific requirements for safety - Part 1 : on board energy storage. EN 60 529 : 1991, Degree of protection provided by enclosures (IP codes) (IEC 529 : 1989). ISO 3864 : 1984,
16、 Safety colours and safety signs. IEC 417K : 1991, Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets - Tenth supplement. IEC 536 : 1976, Classification of electrical and electronic equipment with regard to protection against electric shock. 3 Definitions For
17、the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 conductive part A conductive part is a part which is capable of conducting current although it can not necessarily be energized in normal operating conditions. 3.2 live part A live part is any conductor or conductive part intended t
18、o be electrically energized in normal use. 5 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 3.3 exposed conductive part In accordance to International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, an exposed conductive part is a conductive part, which can readily be touched, and which is not electrically energized in normal use, b
19、ut which can become energized under fault conditions (insulation failure). For this standard, “readily be touched“ means “can be touched with a test finger IPXXB as defined in EN 60 529“. NOTE : This concept is relative to a specific electrical circuit, a life part in one circuit can be an exposed c
20、onductive part to another, e.g. a car body can be a live part of the auxiliary network but an exposed conductive part to the power circuit. 3.4 electrical circuit An electrical circuit is a collection of connected live parts through which an electrical current is designed to pass in normal operating
21、 conditions. 3.5 nominal voltage of an electrical system The nominal voltage of an electrical system is the value (rms) of the voltage for which the system is designed and to which its characteristics are referred. 3.6 working voltage of an electrical circuit The working voltage of an electrical cir
22、cuit is the highest rms value of the ac voltage or the highest value of the dc voltage which can occur (locally) across any insulation, transients being disregarded, in open circuit conditions or under normal operating conditions. 3.7 auxiliary function The auxiliary function is the one which is com
23、mon between Internal Combustion (IC) engine vehicle and electric vehicles, for instance lighting. 3.8 auxiliary electrical circuit The auxiliary electrical circuit is the electrical circuit of lower working voltage than power circuit, supplying the auxiliary functions of the vehicle (lamps, warning,
24、 windscreen motor, side marker, etc.) and its nominal voltage is usually 12 or 24 V. 3.9 power circuit The power circuit comprises all the power equipments such as traction battery, converter (inverter, chopper, etc.), traction motor and cables and connectors, used for the propulsion of the electric
25、 vehicle and other equipments (dc/dc converter, step-up, etc.) galvanically connected with these power equipments. 6 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 3.10 electrical chassis An electrical chassis is a set made of conductive parts electrically linked together, and all other conductive parts electrical
26、ly linked to them, whose potential is taken as reference. 3.11 direct contact Direct contact is contact of persons or live stock with live parts. 3.12 indirect contact Indirect contact is contact of persons or live stock with exposed conductive parts made live by an insulation failure. 3.13 basic in
27、sulation Basic insulation is insulation of live parts necessary to provide basic protection against electric shock. NOTE : Basic insulation does not necessarily include insulation used exclusively for functional purposes. 3.14 supplementary insulation Supplementary insulation is independent insulati
28、on applied in addition to basic insulation in order to provide protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of basic insulation. 3.15 double insulation Double insulation is insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation. 3.16 reinforced insulation Reinforced
29、insulation is a single insulation system applied to live parts, which provides a degree of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation. NOTE : The term “insulation system“ does not imply that the insulation shall be one homogeneous piece. It can comprise several layers which ca
30、nnot be tested singly as supplementary or basic insulation. 7 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 3.17 protection degree In accordance with EN 60529:1991 a protection degree is “the extent of protection provided by an enclosure against ingress of solid foreign objects and/or against ingress of water, an
31、d verified by standardized test methods“. NOTE : This definition leads to define IPXXB, IPXXC and IPXXD protection degrees, which relate to the contact of a test jointed finger (IPXXB), test rod (IPXXC) or a test wire (IPXXD) with live parts. 3.18 class I equipment Class I equipment denotes an appli
32、ance in which protection against electric shock is ensured by using basic insulation over live parts and connecting together the exposed conductive parts of this equipment by a protective conductor. 3.19 class II equipment Class II equipment denotes an appliance in which protection against electric
33、shock does not rely on basic insulation only, but in which additional safety precautions, such as double insulation or reinforced insulation are provided. 3.20 opening parts The opening parts are the following parts of an electric vehicle: doors, bonnet, boot, hatch back, access flaps (for access to
34、 the charging socket flaps or the fuel filler tank), sunroof, hardtop (if any). 3.21 temperature rise In accordance with International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, temperature rise is the “difference between the temperature of the part under consideration and the temperature of the cooling air or of
35、 the water, at the intake of the cooling equipment“. 3.22 ground clearance between the axles The ground clearance between the axles is the shortest distance between the ground plane and the lowest fixed point of the vehicle, as shown in figure 1. Figure 1 : Ground clearance between the axles 8 BS EN
36、 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 4 Voltage classes of an electrical circuit Depending on its working voltage U, an electrical circuit belongs to one of the voltage classes from table 1. Table 1 Voltage classes dc Systems V ac Systems (15 Hz to 100 Hz) rmsV A 0 U60 0 U 25 B 60 U750 25 U 500 NOTE 1 : The li
37、mit values of the voltage classes take into account the humid weather conditions. NOTE 2 : For non ac but repetitive pulse voltages, if the peak duration is above 10 ms, the considered working voltage is then the maximum value of the peak. If the peak duration is less than 10 ms, the working voltage
38、 is then the real rms value of the signal. NOTE 3 : The reported ac voltage values are the most critical within the specified frequency range. 5 Protection against direct contacts People shall be protected against any hazards resulting from the contact with live parts of any electrical circuit. Depe
39、nding on the voltage class of the electrical circuit as in table 1, following means of protection shall be provided for. 5.1 Class A No specific protection against direct contact is required. 5.2 Class B Protection against direct contact shall be ensured as follows: a) Either by insulation : the liv
40、e parts of the electrical system shall be completely, by assembly of the vehicle, encapsulated by insulation (basic, supplementary or reinforced) which can only be removed by destroying it. The insulating material shall be suitable to the nominal voltage and to the working voltage of the electrical
41、system. Insulating varnish, dope, enamel and other similar products are not acceptable as basic insulation ; b) Or by barriers or enclosures: the live parts shall be placed inside enclosures or behind barriers in order to ensure at least the IPXXD protection degree. If the ground clearance of the ve
42、hicle between the axles is less than 30 cm , the IPXXB protection is sufficient for equipment fitted underneath the vehicle. The enclosure shall be able to tolerate mechanical, electrical and thermal stresses that may occur. 9 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 Enclosure can be of three types : - Type
43、S0 : cover, removal of which does not directly open the electrical circuits to which the live parts they contain belong. - Type S1 : enclosure openable in such a way that by its opening the circuit of which the live parts it contains form part is opened, e.g. connectors, fuses, etc. - Type S2 : encl
44、osure, removal or opening of which switches off the electrical power supply to the concerned live parts. Table 2 specifies the requirements and opening methods of the enclosure types to be met for class B equipment. Table 2 Types Method of opening In passenger and load compartment Elsewhere S0 With
45、tools or maintenance keys If the level of protection is IPXXB or less when the cover is removed, the enclosure shall be marked according to IEC 417K:1991 and ISO 3864:1984. Without tools or maintenance keys Not allowed. S1 With tools or maintenance keys Separable enclosure shall maintain IPXXB prote
46、ction criteria in the open condition. Without tools or maintenance keys Not allowed. Separable enclosure shall maintain IPXXB protection criteria in the open condition. S2 With tools or maintenance keys Switching on again shall only be possible after replacing the enclosure or the barrier. Without t
47、ools or maintenance keys Not allowed. Switching on again shall only be possible after replacing the enclosure or the barrier. If an enclosure does not comply with the requirements of table 2, this enclosure shall be protected by a supplementary enclosure which satisfies them. 6 Protection against in
48、direct contacts People shall be protected against any hazards resulting from contacts with exposed conductive parts in case of failures of the vehicles electrical circuits. The verification concerning the protection against indirect contacts shall be performed by the vehicle manufacturer on each par
49、t of the equipment involved. Depending on the voltage class of the electrical circuit as in table 1, following means of protection shall be provided for. 10 BS EN 1987-3:1998EN 1987-3:1998 6.1 Class A No specific protection is required. No test is required. 6.2 Class B Each electrical circuit from class B of the electric vehicle shall be insulated from the electrical chassis and other electrical circuits. In this voltage class , this protection can be obtained : - either by potential equalization, if the equipments are in Class I ; - or by use of Class II electrical equipment or equiv
